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概況

真(zhen)武(wu)山(shan)古建(jian)筑(zhu)群(qun)位于四川省宜賓市市區內(nei)城(cheng)西北的真(zhen)武(wu)山(shan)上，始建(jian)于明萬歷二年（1574年），至(zhi)清(qing)中葉形成以道教(jiao)宮觀為(wei)主，融道、釋、儒(ru)三教(jiao)文化為(wei)一(yi)體規模宏大的建(jian)筑(zhu)群(qun)。廟以明代(dai)的玄祖殿為(wei)主，八座殿宇依山(shan)取勢，造型別異(yi)。廟占地(di)約(yue)3.3萬平方米(mi)，建(jian)筑(zhu)面積約(yue)4,000平方米(mi)。廟群(qun)以明代(dai)建(jian)筑(zhu)為(wei)主，清(qing)代(dai)建(jian)筑(zhu)為(wei)輔，集樓(lou)、殿、坊、廊、橋池、洞、臺為(wei)一(yi)體，是一(yi)組文化內(nei)涵豐富(fu)的明、清(qing)建(jian)筑(zhu)實例。

1996年，真武山古(gu)建筑群由(you)國(guo)務(wu)院(yuan)公布為第四批全國(guo)重點文物保護單位。

歷史及構成

真武(wu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)宋名(ming)(ming)仙侶山(shan)(shan)(shan)，明代已有真武(wu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)、師(shi)(shi)來山(shan)(shan)(shan)等名(ming)(ming)稱。明萬歷(li)元年（1573）四(si)川巡撫曾省吾征討都(dou)掌人(ren)時，托(tuo)詞真武(wu)祖師(shi)(shi)助其師(shi)(shi)，乃在山(shan)(shan)(shan)上增建(jian)真武(wu)祠，后(hou)又(you)續建(jian)不少廟(miao)宇。且由山(shan)(shan)(shan)腳(jiao)至(zhi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)頂修建(jian)石(shi)級，仿泰山(shan)(shan)(shan)分立中石(shi)坊三(san)座(zuo)名(ming)(ming)門天(tian)門、二天(tian)門、三(san)天(tian)門。至(zhi)清(qing)代共(gong)有建(jian)筑20余處(chu)，號稱“川南道教名(ming)(ming)山(shan)(shan)(shan)”。今尚存古建(jian)筑有地姆宮(gong)、文(wen)昌宮(gong)等8處(chu)，占(zhan)地面積共(gong)3.33公頃。

古建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)依山取勢，錯(cuo)落有(you)勢；且(qie)屹立岷江岸(an)畔，四(si)周古木參天(tian)，詩(shi)情(qing)畫意，宛若仙(xian)境。古建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)中，玄祖殿(dian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)明(ming)萬(wan)(wan)歷(li)(li)(li)二年(nian)（1574），建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)156平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米，殿(dian)前有(you)清(qing)(qing)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)木石結(jie)構(gou)如(ru)意斗拱牌坊；祖師殿(dian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)明(ming)萬(wan)(wan)歷(li)(li)(li)九(jiu)年(nian)（1581），建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)64平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米，殿(dian)前架(jia)石橋曰"謁(ye)仙(xian)橋"。望不(bu)樓(lou)(lou)亦建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)明(ming)萬(wan)(wan)歷(li)(li)(li)九(jiu)年(nian)，清(qing)(qing)乾隆五十(shi)六(liu)年(nian)（1791）培(pei)(pei)修(xiu)，為(wei)抬梁式三(san)重(zhong)(zhong)檐歇山頂，第(di)二層設樓(lou)(lou)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)200平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米；無量殿(dian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)明(ming)代(dai)，清(qing)(qing)康熙(xi)十(shi)二年(nian)（1673）重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)約220平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米，殿(dian)后為(wei)郁姑臺，其上(shang)曾建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)有(you)遇仙(xian)樓(lou)(lou)，今樓(lou)(lou)毀臺存；斗姆(mu)宮(gong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)明(ming)萬(wan)(wan)歷(li)(li)(li)四(si)十(shi)六(liu)年(nian)（1618），清(qing)(qing)代(dai)曾予培(pei)(pei)修(xiu)，由(you)前、中、后三(san)殿(dian)構(gou)成(cheng)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)250平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米；三(san)府宮(gong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)清(qing)(qing)道(dao)光年(nian)間（1821~1850），建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)638平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米；文昌宮(gong)三(san)重(zhong)(zhong)大殿(dian)始(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)明(ming)隆慶(qing)初（1567），增修(xiu)于(yu)清(qing)(qing)代(dai)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)876平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米；地姆(mu)宮(gong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)清(qing)(qing)代(dai)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)108平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米。今真(zhen)武山古建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)群已作(zuo)為(wei)宜(yi)賓博物(wu)館館址。