黎城城隍廟(miao)座落在縣城河下(xia)(xia)街,坐(zuo)北(bei)向南。該廟(miao)始建(jian)于宋(song)天(tian)圣三(san)年(nian)(1025年(nian))。城隍廟(miao)將(jiang)門(men)作(zuo)樓(lou),系三(san)層重檐,故俗稱(cheng)三(san)節樓(lou)。現(xian)存建(jian)筑主要(yao)有門(men)樓(lou)和正殿。門(men)樓(lou)面闊三(san)間(jian)(jian),進(jin)深二(er)間(jian)(jian),屬(shu)明代風格。臺(tai)(tai)基呈長方(fang)形,長18米(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)12米(mi)(mi)臺(tai)(tai)高2.35米(mi)(mi)。 門(men)樓(lou)正中橫掛一匾,上書(shu)“群峰環翠”。屋(wu)頂(ding)形制為三(san)層重檐歇山頂(ding)。正脊(ji)(ji)、吻獸、垂獸、戧(chuang)脊(ji)(ji)獸、套獸,均為黃(huang)綠相間(jian)(jian)琉璃(li)造。山花出際施博風板,懸(xuan)魚作(zuo)卷云如(ru)意式斗(dou)拱均為五鋪作(zuo)雙下(xia)(xia)昂。用材粗壯(zhuang)(zhuang)宏大,巍然壯(zhuang)(zhuang)觀,為黎城古建(jian)筑之冠。正殿面闊五間(jian)(jian)、進(jin)深五間(jian)(jian),六椽伏(fu)前(qian)后接乳,通(tong)檐用五柱,基本上為現(xian)代風格,臺(tai)(tai)基邊長18米(mi)(mi),呈正方(fang)形,臺(tai)(tai)高1.37米(mi)(mi)。 殿內一排前(qian)金枝,屋(wu)頂(ding)形制為懸(xuan)山頂(ding),正脊(ji)(ji)、吻獸均為黃(huang)綠相間(jian)(jian)琉璃(li)造,斗(dou)拱均為五鋪作(zuo)雙下(xia)(xia)昂,威(wei)嚴肅穆。
山西省(sheng)重點文物保(bao)(bao)護單(dan)位(wei)。在黎城(cheng)(cheng)縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)正街與河下街相交處(chu)北隅(yu)。坐北向南(nan),原為兩進(jin)院(yuan)布(bu)局,現僅(jin)存前(qian)(qian)院(yuan)。廟內(nei)前(qian)(qian)有山門、后有正殿,東(dong)西廂房(fang)左(zuo)右配置,殿宇巍峨(e),飛檐(yan)凌空(kong),紅墻綠瓦,莊(zhuang)重古(gu)樸(pu)。歷(li)為黎邑一(yi)大勝景。體現了古(gu)代(dai)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)勞動人(ren)民(min)的聰明智慧(hui)和高超的建(jian)筑技藝(yi)。該廟創(chuang)建(jian)年(nian)(nian)代(dai)無考(kao),據清康熙二(er)(er)十一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(1682)《黎城(cheng)(cheng)縣(xian)(xian)志》和廟內(nei)碑刻記載:北宋天圣三年(nian)(nian)(1025)隨縣(xian)(xian)治遷(qian)變而(er)遷(qian)建(jian)于今(jin)址(zhi)。元至正十八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(1358),農民(min)起義軍紅巾軍一(yi)支攻(gong)破(po)黎城(cheng)(cheng),城(cheng)(cheng)隍廟焚于兵(bing)火。明洪(hong)武二(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)(1369)于舊址(zhi)重建(jian)。嘉(jia)靖十六年(nian)(nian)(1357)六月,城(cheng)(cheng)隍廟山門古(gu)樓(俗(su)稱三節(jie)樓)傾(qing)塌,縣(xian)(xian)民(min)縉紳(shen)等措資財于是月二(er)(er)十九日興土再(zai)建(jian),于嘉(jia)靖十八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(1539)六月五日竣工。清康熙四十年(nian)(nian)(1701)二(er)(er)月重修。咸(xian)豐三年(nian)(nian)(1853)八(ba)月二(er)(er)十三日,太平天國(guo)北征(zheng)軍林鳳(feng)翔(xiang)所部(bu),由潞入黎,攻(gong)打縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng),三節(jie)樓被燒毀(hui)。咸(xian)豐八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(1858)重建(jian)三節(jie)樓。宣統三年(nian)(nian)(1911)再(zai)次重修。中(zhong)(zhong)華人(ren)民(min)共和國(guo)成立后,黎城(cheng)(cheng)縣(xian)(xian)人(ren)民(min)政府將其(qi)列入縣(xian)(xian)重點文物保(bao)(bao)護單(dan)位(wei)。1982年(nian)(nian)縣(xian)(xian)政府撥專款進(jin)行(xing)了維修彩繪(hui)。現已成為縣(xian)(xian)博物館館址(zhi)。
三(san)節樓(lou)(lou)為(wei)(wei)城隍廟(miao)(miao)之門(men)樓(lou)(lou)。因(yin)屋(wu)頂形制(zhi)為(wei)(wei)重(zhong)(zhong)檐三(san)滴水,故(gu)名(ming)之。該樓(lou)(lou)面闊三(san)間(jian),進深(shen)兩間(jian),通高約20米。臺基高峙,磚(zhuan)石砌臺,長18米,寬(kuan)12米,高2.35米。平面布局呈(cheng)長方形。屋(wu)頂為(wei)(wei)三(san)層(ceng)重(zhong)(zhong)檐歇山頂。樓(lou)(lou)內圓柱方額,斗拱(gong)密置,五(wu)(wu)踩斗拱(gong)雙下(xia)昂,昂呈(cheng)琴面式,梁架(jia)規(gui)整,結構緊俏。樓(lou)(lou)頂滿覆琉(liu)璃,貓(mao)頭滴水皆(jie)備。吻(wen)獸(shou)均為(wei)(wei)黃綠(lv)琉(liu)璃相間(jian),山花出際施(shi)博風(feng)、懸魚、惹草、懸魚作如意式,十分精(jing)制(zhi)。雖歷(li)盡滄桑之變,仍保留著明(ming)代建筑風(feng)格。據明(ming)嘉靖三(san)十一年(1552)冬,邑(yi)人靳惟精(jing)撰《重(zhong)(zhong)修城隍廟(miao)(miao)門(men)樓(lou)(lou)記(ji)》載:“予謂,天下(xia)城隍皆(jie)有(you)廟(miao)(miao),廟(miao)(miao)必有(you)門(men),門(men)未必有(you)樓(lou)(lou)也。唯此(ci)黎廟(miao)(miao)之門(men)有(you)樓(lou)(lou),意在飾廟(miao)(miao)云爾(er)。自有(you)宋天圣三(san)年乙(yi)丑(chou)遷創(chuang)今縣,高城深(shen)隍,其英(ying)靈之氣寓(yu)于(yu)城隍之中,而(er)實超(chao)乎城隍之表(biao),萃(cui)而(er)為(wei)(wei)神,受命于(yu)上(shang)帝(di)以主斯(si)土者,蓋(gai)五(wu)(wu)百(bai)二十八歲于(yu)今矣。其神棲有(you)廟(miao)(miao),肇構莫稽。”
正殿(dian)位居(ju)門樓(lou)之北,面闊五(wu)間(jian),進深五(wu)間(jian),平(ping)面布局正方(fang)(fang)形(xing),屋頂形(xing)制懸山頂。圓柱(zhu)圓梁,四椽(chuan)栿,通(tong)(tong)檐用五(wu)柱(zhu)。殿(dian)內減前(qian)金(jin)柱(zhu)一排(pai)。前(qian)檐斗(dou)拱(gong)為(wei)五(wu)踩(cai)單(dan)下昂(ang),明(ming)次(ci)間(jian)補(bu)間(jian)出斜(xie)拱(gong)。后檐斗(dou)拱(gong)為(wei)三踩(cai)當(dang)下昂(ang)。屋頂脊獸均為(wei)黃綠琉璃相(xiang)間(jian)鴟吻、垂獸色調沉穩(wen),制作精細(xi),系(xi)清(qing)代(dai)中(zhong)期所燒制。廟(miao)內新建碑廊一座,長約26米(mi)。廊內鑲嵌陳列北魏造(zao)像碑,隋螭首造(zao)像碑,隋、唐、五(wu)代(dai)時期的墓志(zhi)銘(ming)及明(ming)清(qing)官衙各類行政明(ming)文碑等二十余通(tong)(tong)(方(fang)(fang))。
城(cheng)隍(huang)廟(miao)(miao)在黎城(cheng)縣城(cheng)內正(zheng)街。廟(miao)(miao)座北向南,原為兩進院,現(xian)僅存前院。廟(miao)(miao)內前有(you)山門,后有(you)正(zheng)殿(dian),東(dong)西廂房左右配置,殿(dian)宇巍峨,飛檐凌(ling)空,紅墻綠瓦,莊重古樸,歷為黎邑一大勝景。該廟(miao)(miao)創建(jian)年(nian)代無考(kao),據清康(kang)熙《黎城(cheng)縣志(zhi)》和(he)廟(miao)(miao)內碑刻記(ji)載,北宋天圣三(san)年(nian)(1025)隨縣治遷變而(er)遷建(jian)于(yu)今址。
元(yuan)至正十八(ba)年(1358),農民起義(yi)軍(jun)紅(hong)巾軍(jun)一支攻破黎城(cheng),城(cheng)隍廟焚于兵火。明洪武二年(1369)于舊址(zhi)重(zhong)建,明清各朝(chao)均(jun)有修葺(qi)。1982年縣政府撥專(zhuan)款(kuan)進行了維修彩繪,現為縣博物館館址(zhi)。 三節樓(lou)為城(cheng)隍廟之門樓(lou)。因屋(wu)頂形制為重(zhong)檐三滴水,故名之。該樓(lou)面闊三間(jian),進深(shen)兩間(jian),通高約20米。臺基高崎,磚石砌臺,平面布局呈長方形。屋(wu)頂為三層重(zhong)檐歇山頂,樓(lou)頂滿覆琉(liu)璃,裝修十分(fen)精致(zhi),為明代中國建筑風格。
正殿位居(ju)門樓(lou)之北,面闊五間(jian),進深五間(jian),平面布局(ju)正方形,屋頂(ding)形制(zhi)(zhi)懸(xuan)山頂(ding)。圓柱圓梁,四椽袱對前(qian)后乳袱,通檐(yan)用五柱。殿內減(jian)前(qian)金柱一排。前(qian)檐(yan)斗(dou)拱(gong)為(wei)五踩雙下昂,明次(ci)間(jian)補間(jian)出斜拱(gong)。后檐(yan)斗(dou)拱(gong)為(wei)三踩單下昂。屋頂(ding)脊獸均為(wei)黃綠琉(liu)璃(li)相間(jian),鴟吻、垂獸色調沉穩,制(zhi)(zhi)作精細,系(xi)清(qing)代中(zhong)期所(suo)燒(shao)制(zhi)(zhi)。
廟內新建碑廊(lang),長26米。廊(lang)內鑲嵌陳列北魏造像碑,隋(sui)螭首浮圖碑,隋(sui)、唐、五代時(shi)期的(de)墓志銘及明清官衙各類行政(zheng)明文碑等20余(yu)通。城(cheng)隍廟現已(yi)成為縣城(cheng)內一處(chu)重要的(de)游覽場(chang)所。
宋代(dai)民間(jian)普遍(bian)信(xin)仰,明代(dai)朱(zhu)元璋推(tui)崇有(you)(you)加。在宋代(dai),城(cheng)隍信(xin)仰已是(shi)民間(jian)非常普遍(bian)的信(xin)仰了,元代(dai)文(wen)宗天歷年間(jian),朝廷(ting)讓(rang)城(cheng)隍爺配(pei)享(xiang)夫人,從此城(cheng)隍廟里就有(you)(you)了寢殿,專門供奉城(cheng)隍爺及城(cheng)隍夫人。
到了(le)明代,朱元(yuan)(yuan)璋(zhang)更是推(tui)崇有加,相(xiang)傳朱元(yuan)(yuan)璋(zhang)稱(cheng)帝(di)之(zhi)前,曾(ceng)經宿身城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)廟而幸免(mian)大(da)難.朱元(yuan)(yuan)璋(zhang)稱(cheng)帝(di)之(zhi)后,于洪武元(yuan)(yuan)年(公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)1368年),下旨封(feng)都(dou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)為監(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)司(si)(si)顯佑王(wang),職(zhi)位(wei)正(zheng)一(yi)品(pin);與朝廷的太(tai)師、太(tai)傅、太(tai)保“三公(gong)”和(he)左右丞相(xiang)平級(ji)(ji)。同(tong)時(shi)(shi)封(feng)各(ge)府(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)為監(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)司(si)(si)民(min)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)威靈公(gong)、職(zhi)位(wei)正(zheng)二(er)品(pin);封(feng)州(zhou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)為監(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)司(si)(si)民(min)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)顯佑侯,職(zhi)位(wei)正(zheng)三品(pin);封(feng)縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)為監(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)司(si)(si)民(min)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)顯佑伯,職(zhi)位(wei)正(zheng)四品(pin)。正(zheng)是在這一(yi)時(shi)(shi)期,各(ge)州(zhou)府(fu)縣(xian),紛紛修(xiu)建城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)廟。都(dou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)廟由皇帝(di)親自勅建,皇宮(gong)撥(bo)付銀(yin)兩,廟內(nei)住持由朝廷直接任命,各(ge)府(fu)、州(zhou)、縣(xian)則按照(zhao)等級(ji)(ji),依(yi)次效仿,規模(mo)等級(ji)(ji)完全參(can)照(zhao)地方官(guan)署(shu)衙門,按級(ji)(ji)別配制(zhi)冕毓官(guan)服。明洪武三年(公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)1370)年朝廷頒(ban)布了(le)專門祭祀(si)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)的典章制(zhi)度。并下詔去(qu)除了(le)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)封(feng)號,封(feng)京(jing)都(dou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)為“都(dou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)”。其(qi)它只(zhi)稱(cheng)某(mou)府(fu)某(mou)州(zhou)或某(mou)縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)。