歷史
五(wu)代(dai)后(hou)(hou)晉時(shi)(940年前后(hou)(hou)),吳越國廣陵王(wang)錢元(yuan)鐐在南湖(hu)畔(pan)建(jian)樓(lou)(lou)舍為“登眺之(zhi)所”,其時(shi)并無(wu)“煙(yan)(yan)雨(yu)(yu)樓(lou)(lou)”之(zhi)名。據《至元(yuan)嘉禾志》載(zai),煙(yan)(yan)雨(yu)(yu)樓(lou)(lou)三字始見(jian)于南宋吳潛《水調歌(ge)頭(tou)·題煙(yan)(yan)雨(yu)(yu)樓(lou)(lou)》詞。湖(hu)畔(pan)的(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)雨(yu)(yu)樓(lou)(lou)雖(sui)幾(ji)易其主,選(xuan)經興廢(fei),但一(yi)直是(shi)觀(guan)賞湖(hu)光的(de)(de)佳處。明(ming)嘉靖(jing)二十八年(1549),嘉興知府趙瀛在湖(hu)心島上(shang)建(jian)煙(yan)(yan)雨(yu)(yu)樓(lou)(lou),從此樓(lou)(lou)在湖(hu)中。后(hou)(hou)幾(ji)度修(xiu)葺,至明(ming)末樓(lou)(lou)毀,清(qing)初再(zai)建(jian)。主樓(lou)(lou)坐(zuo)南朝北(bei),面對(dui)城(cheng)垣。到乾隆(long)帝南巡時(shi),煙(yan)(yan)雨(yu)(yu)樓(lou)(lou)改建(jian)為南向而北(bei)負城(cheng)郭(guo)。
乾隆六下江南,多次登煙(yan)雨樓(lou)(lou),一再賦詩,備(bei)致贊賞,曾(ceng)親畫煙(yan)雨樓(lou)(lou)圖。刻石置于樓(lou)(lou)中,并照此(ci)樓(lou)(lou)的(de)樣式在熱河承德(de)避暑(shu)山莊的(de)青蓮島上仿建一所樓(lou)(lou)閣,亦名煙(yan)雨樓(lou)(lou)。清同(tong)治初(chu)年(nian),煙(yan)雨樓(lou)(lou)又毀于戰火,直到(dao)民國(guo)7年(nian)(1918)才重建主(zhu)樓(lou)(lou),形成(cheng)現在的(de)格局。抗(kang)日戰爭期間,煙(yan)雨樓(lou)(lou)被日寇強(qiang)占作“華中鐵道公司”食堂(tang),抗(kang)戰勝利后才恢復開放(fang)。建國(guo)后,黨(dang)和人(ren)民政府多次大力修(xiu)葺(qi),古老園(yuan)林煥發新貌。
地理環境
煙(yan)雨(yu)(yu)樓(lou)是嘉(jia)(jia)興(xing)的名勝。外地有(you)不少人都知道嘉(jia)(jia)興(xing)有(you)“煙(yan)雨(yu)(yu)樓(lou)”!煙(yan)雨(yu)(yu)樓(lou)有(you)名,跟明末張岱的一篇文章是分不開的。昆明大(da)觀(guan)樓(lou),武漢黃鶴樓(lou),岳陽岳陽樓(lou),雄峻高大(da),都可以稱為“聳(song)峙(zhi)”的;而煙(yan)雨(yu)(yu)樓(lou)是“坐(zuo)”的,“坐(zuo)”在垣墻(qiang)(qiang)之內,平臺之上(shang)(shang)。煙(yan)雨(yu)(yu)樓(lou)是南湖湖心(xin)島(dao)上(shang)(shang)的主要建(jian)筑(zhu),現已成為島(dao)上(shang)(shang)整個園(yuan)林的泛稱。全園(yuan)占地11畝,園(yuan)內樓(lou)、堂(tang)、亭、閣錯(cuo)列,園(yuan)周短(duan)墻(qiang)(qiang)曲(qu)欄(lan)圍繞(rao),四(si)面長堤回環。
主要景點
煙雨樓臺
煙(yan)(yan)雨樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)入口處(chu)為(wei)(wei)“清暉(hui)堂(tang)”,門東(dong)北(bei)向,北(bei)墻嵌有(you)石碑(bei)(bei),刻(ke)“煙(yan)(yan)雨樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)”三大(da)字,為(wei)(wei)清順治年(nian)間冀(ji)應龍所書(shu)。入清暉(hui)堂(tang),兩(liang)側左為(wei)(wei)“菱香水(shui)謝”,右為(wei)(wei)“菰云(yun)(上(shang)竹(zhu)下(xia)(xia)移)”,現均為(wei)(wei)接待室。菰云(yun)(上(shang)竹(zhu)下(xia)(xia)移)右為(wei)(wei)觀音閣(ge),三楹(ying)二層,晚清建筑(zhu)風(feng)格,系(xi)1987年(nian)重建。清暉(hui)堂(tang)后為(wei)(wei)。徹碑(bei)(bei)亭”,中(zhong)豎(shu)石碑(bei)(bei),刻(ke)有(you)乾隆(long)(long)游(you)南湖(hu)題詩的(de)手(shou)跡。經御(yu)(yu)碑(bei)(bei)亭進(jin)內即至煙(yan)(yan)雨樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)正(zheng)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)。樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)兩(liang)層,高約20米(mi),建筑(zhu)面積640余(yu)平方米(mi),重檐畫棟,朱(zhu)柱明窗,在綠樹掩映(ying)下(xia)(xia),更顯雄偉。樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)前(qian)檐懸董必武(wu)所書(shu)“煙(yan)(yan)雨樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)”匾額,樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)下(xia)(xia)正(zheng)廳(ting)楹(ying)聯:“煙(yan)(yan)雨樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)臺(tai),革命(ming)萌生,此(ci)間曾著星星火,風(feng)云(yun)世界,逢春蟄起(qi),到處(chu)皆(jie)聞(wen)殷(yin)殷(yin)雷。”亦為(wei)(wei)董必武(wu)所書(shu),書(shu)體(ti)端(duan)正(zheng)勁挺,堪稱—代楷模(mo)。樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)上(shang)下(xia)(xia)均有(you)回(hui)廊(lang)環通,登樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)憑欄(lan)(lan)遠(yuan)眺,田園湖(hu)光(guang)盡在眼底。煙(yan)(yan)雨樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)前(qian)是開闊的(de)平臺(tai),有(you)兩(liang)棵古銀杏樹參天挺立。臺(tai)外欄(lan)(lan)桿(gan)下(xia)(xia)有(you)“釣(diao)鰲(ao)磯(ji)”刻(ke)石。平臺(tai)東(dong)南側,即乾隆(long)(long)游(you)南湖(hu)的(de)另一處(chu)“御(yu)(yu)碑(bei)(bei)亭”。煙(yan)(yan)雨樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)后,假山巧峙,花木扶疏。假山西(xi)北(bei),亭閣(ge)錯落排列,回(hui)顧曲徑相(xiang)連,玲瓏(long)精致,各具(ju)情趣。“寶梅亭”北(bei)原為(wei)(wei)“亦方壺(hu)”,1959年(nian)移建湖(hu)濱渡(du)口,壁上(shang)有(you)清人許(xu)瑤光(guang)所書(shu)“嘉禾八(ba)景(jing)(附圖)”碑(bei)(bei)(1990年(nian)又移回(hui)煙(yan)(yan)雨樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)園中(zhong)),1990年(nian)在渡(du)口北(bei)側興建南湖(hu)革命(ming)紀(ji)念館,“亦方壺(hu)”被拆。
魚樂國
寶梅(mei)亭內(nei)陳列(lie)有元吳鎮風(feng)竹(zhu)刻石(shi),清彭玉(yu)麟梅(mei)花碑(bei)。亭外堤(di)岸(an),垂柳(liu)翠竹(zhu)掩映(ying)朱增,墻上砌明(ming)代書畫家(jia)董其(qi)昌(chang)所(suo)書“魚樂國(guo)”碑(bei)。自寶梅(mei)亭前行(xing),依次為(wei)“來(lai)許(xu)亭”、“鑒亭”。來(lai)許(xu)亭建于清同治十二(1873),
現亭(ting)內懸掛沈(shen)定一(yi)所書“民國元年孫中山(shan)先生來(lai)游于此”困。鑒(jian)亭(ting)建于清(qing)光緒元年(1875)壁(bi)上(shang)有(you)(you)許瑤光作(zuo)鑒(jian)亭(ting)銘(ming)石刻,現亭(ting)內陳列有(you)(you)吳(wu)昌碩歷書“畫(hua)家蒲華墓志(zhi)銘(ming)”碑刻及(ji)道(dao)光二十(shi)八年(1848)清(qing)政府禁止香港工人罷(ba)工碑等石刻。亭(ting)后壁(bi)立有(you)(you)米(mi)(fu)碑,傳為(wei)米(mi)(fu)真跡。此外,在園內還(huan)有(you)(you)宋代蘇軾(shi)為(wei)李(li)方叔(shu)(李(li)())所書“馬券(quan)”帖石刻,南(nan)宋岳坷的(de)“洗鶴盆(pen)”,及(ji)從古(gu)北(bei)口運來(lai)的(de)硅化木等文物,均(jun)保(bao)存完好(hao)。出鑒(jian)亭(ting)為(wei)一(yi)紫藤架(jia),枝(zhi)干(gan)虬曲,綠(lv)蔭覆地。由此出園側門(men)下石階,即至長(chang)堤西部。堤外一(yi)水泥船(chuan)塢,現在其上(shang)作(zuo)水上(shang)餐廳(ting)。循(xun)堤左行,有(you)(you)荷(he)花(hua)池,池湖相連處(chu),小橋輕架(jia),是為(wei)萬福橋。橋東(dong)南(nan)邊(bian)停泊著(zhu)革命(ming)紀念船(chuan)。
長堤(di)集園林內外景于(yu)(yu)一體,紅(hong)船、荷池、釣鰲礬、煙雨樓,層次豐富,風(feng)光(guang)優(you)美。1985年(nian)6月30日,嘉興市(shi)人民政府將(jiang)董必(bi)武1964年(nian)來南湖時為(wei)南湖革(ge)命紀念館所題(ti)的(de)詩句朗刻(ke)成碑(bei),并建亭于(yu)(yu)紀念船旁(pang),立碑(bei)于(yu)(yu)亭中。翌年(nian)4月,楊尚昆為(wei)題(ti)額(e)“訪蹤(zong)亭”。
其他景點
攬秀園
坐(zuo)落(luo)在(zai)嘉(jia)(jia)興南(nan)湖(hu)西岸文(wen)星橋畔,是嘉(jia)(jia)興市近(jin)年興建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)一(yi)座文(wen)物碑刻(ke)(ke)公園(yuan)。煙(yan)雨(yu)樓嘉(jia)(jia)興舊名(ming)秀州、秀水,因“秀水東會滬瀆,西控語溪,襟帶具(ju)區(qu),獨攬其秀”(《浙(zhe)江通志》)而(er)得名(ming)。園(yuan)以碑廊為(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)心,西為(wei)(wei)(wei)古(gu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu),內(nei)設著名(ming)畫(hua)家(jia)蒲華(hua)(又名(ming)蒲竹英,嘉(jia)(jia)興人,晚清(qing)(qing)書(shu)畫(hua)家(jia),海上(shang)畫(hua)派(pai)創始(shi)人)紀(ji)念室。兩側(ce)長(chang)廊上(shang)嵌(qian)有(you)“清(qing)(qing)儀閣(ge)”、“停云(yun)館”、“小(xiao)靈鷲山館圖(tu)詠(yong)”刻(ke)(ke)石。其中(zhong)(zhong)包括嘉(jia)(jia)興歷代(dai)碑刻(ke)(ke)84塊及唐代(dai)吳道子手(shou)繪“出海觀音(yin)”石刻(ke)(ke)、元代(dai)重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)嘉(jia)(jia)興路總管府學碑記(ji)等(deng),這些均(jun)出自歷代(dai)著名(ming)的(de)書(shu)畫(hua)家(jia)如(ru)文(wen)徵明(ming)、趙(zhao)之謙、何紹基、吳昌碩(shuo)、任伯(bo)年之手(shou)。在(zai)五曲(qu)長(chang)廊東首八角亭(ting)中(zhong)(zhong),還有(you)一(yi)座高2.8米、闊(kuo)1.3米的(de)董其昌“嘉(jia)(jia)興府學重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)明(ming)倫堂記(ji)”碑,其刻(ke)(ke)于明(ming)萬(wan)歷三十九年(1611),碑文(wen)行(xing)筆流暢(chang),一(yi)氣(qi)呵成,風格秀逸,古(gu)樸瀟灑,甚稱一(yi)絕。碑廊東側(ce)為(wei)(wei)(wei)園(yuan)林區(qu),有(you)菱(ling)(ling)香閣(ge)、三過亭(ting)、垂釣池等(deng)。三過亭(ting)是為(wei)(wei)(wei)紀(ji)念宋代(dai)大文(wen)豪蘇東坡三到嘉(jia)(jia)興本(ben)覺寺而(er)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de),原在(zai)秀洲(zhou)區(qu)陡門鎮,近(jin)年重(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),亭(ting)南(nan)碑廊中(zhong)(zhong)保存有(you)重(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)三過堂碑記(ji)。碑廊東南(nan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)菱(ling)(ling)香閣(ge),曝(pu)明(ming)代(dai)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu),登閣(ge)遠眺(tiao),南(nan)湖(hu)煙(yan)雨(yu)迷蒙,綠樹掩映中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)小(xiao)瀛(ying)洲(zhou)隱約可見。在(zai)攬秀園(yuan)東的(de)文(wen)星橋為(wei)(wei)(wei)三孔(kong)石環橋,建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于清(qing)(qing)同(tong)治六年,跨徑38米,寬3.5米,有(you)階梯50步(bu)。橋堍北園(yuan)、南(nan)園(yuan)之間(jian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)明(ming)清(qing)(qing)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)一(yi)條街,所有(you)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)。
南湖革命紀念館
紀(ji)(ji)(ji)念(nian)(nian)館(guan)(guan)原(yuan)設在(zai)嘉(jia)興(xing)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)心島煙雨(yu)樓內,現在(zai)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)心島對岸擺渡口。1959年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)初(chu),中(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)嘉(jia)興(xing)縣委(wei)根據(ju)地(di)(di)委(wei)指示,建(jian)立(li)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)革(ge)命(ming)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)念(nian)(nian)館(guan)(guan)籌(chou)建(jian)委(wei)員會(hui)及辦公室,籌(chou)建(jian)經費由中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)文(wen)化部(bu)撥款3萬元。由于(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)一(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)(da)會(hui)議(yi)(yi)(yi)是以游客泛舟為(wei)掩護,租用游船在(zai)艙中(zhong)(zhong)秘(mi)密舉行,而原(yuan)船已(yi)不可追蹤,同類游船也(ye)已(yi)絕跡(ji)。因此(ci)籌(chou)建(jian)開(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)的(de)主要(yao)工(gong)(gong)作是弄清(qing)開(kai)(kai)(kai)會(hui)時游船的(de)形(xing)制,經過(guo)大(da)(da)(da)量(liang)的(de)調(diao)查(cha)訪問(wen),根據(ju)老船工(gong)(gong)的(de)回憶,仿制了一(yi)(yi)只單(dan)夾弄絲網船模型送中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)審定(ding)(ding)。得到(dao)了中(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)一(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)(da)代表董必(bi)武的(de)肯(ken)定(ding)(ding),遂據(ju)以放大(da)(da)(da)仿制。1959年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)10月(yue)(yue)1日(ri)(ri)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)革(ge)命(ming)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)念(nian)(nian)館(guan)(guan)在(zai)煙雨(yu)樓正式(shi)成立(li),對外開(kai)(kai)(kai)放,陳列(lie)展出紀(ji)(ji)(ji)念(nian)(nian)船和“中(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)一(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)(da)史料(liao)(liao)”。該館(guan)(guan)建(jian)立(li)后(hou),許(xu)多中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)人和知名(ming)(ming)人士曾(ceng)來(lai)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)觀(guan)。1964年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)4月(yue)(yue)5日(ri)(ri)董必(bi)武視(shi)(shi)察南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)登上(shang)革(ge)命(ming)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)念(nian)(nian)船,并為(wei)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)題(ti)詩(shi)一(yi)(yi)首。同年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)5月(yue)(yue)19日(ri)(ri)郭沫若巡視(shi)(shi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu),也(ye)題(ti)詩(shi)一(yi)(yi)首。1961年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)和 1981年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)革(ge)命(ming)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)念(nian)(nian)館(guan)(guan)先后(hou)兩次(ci)向中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)和書畫(hua)家(jia)征集(ji)(ji)題(ti)詞(ci)和作品(pin)(pin)。1963年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)8月(yue)(yue)宋慶(qing)齡寄來(lai)題(ti)詞(ci)。以后(hou),聶榮臻、徐(xu)向前等老一(yi)(yi)輩革(ge)命(ming)家(jia)也(ye)寄來(lai)題(ti)詞(ci)。1985年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)9月(yue)(yue)鄧小平為(wei)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)革(ge)命(ming)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)念(nian)(nian)館(guan)(guan)題(ti)寫(xie)館(guan)(guan)名(ming)(ming)。1986年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)1月(yue)(yue)胡耀(yao)邦題(ti)寫(xie)了 “中(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)一(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)(da)會(hui)址”。現館(guan)(guan)內珍藏中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)同志(zhi)題(ti)詞(ci)及劉(liu)海(hai)(hai)粟、沙孟海(hai)(hai)等著名(ming)(ming)書畫(hua)家(jia)作品(pin)(pin)300余件。1983年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)后(hou),南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)革(ge)命(ming)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)念(nian)(nian)館(guan)(guan)除一(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)(da)黨史資(zi)料(liao)(liao)和革(ge)命(ming)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)念(nian)(nian)船陳列(lie)外,又舉辦地(di)(di)方黨史資(zi)料(liao)(liao)展覽,有計劃地(di)(di)開(kai)(kai)(kai)展征集(ji)(ji)黨史文(wen)獻資(zi)料(liao)(liao)、參與編寫(xie)出版了《中(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)一(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)(da)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)會(hui)議(yi)(yi)(yi)》、《南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)風景名(ming)(ming)勝》等。1989年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),修改調(diao)整中(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)一(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)(da)黨史史料(liao)(liao)陳列(lie),通柜密封,電(dian)腦顯示自動控制講解,得到(dao)了觀(guan)眾好評,近年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)來(lai)參觀(guan)人數每年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)達40余萬人次(ci),并曾(ceng)接待(dai)過(guo)十幾個(ge)國家(jia)的(de)外賓(bin)。1990年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)6月(yue)(yue),中(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)嘉(jia)興(xing)市(shi)委(wei)采納5名(ming)(ming)政協委(wei)員建(jian)議(yi)(yi)(yi),同意市(shi)委(wei)組織部(bu)、宣傳部(bu)等15個(ge)單(dan)位的(de)倡議(yi)(yi)(yi),決(jue)定(ding)(ding)開(kai)(kai)(kai)展“我為(wei)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)增(zeng)光輝”活動,集(ji)(ji)資(zi)興(xing)建(jian)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)革(ge)命(ming)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)念(nian)(nian)館(guan)(guan)。選定(ding)(ding)了南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)渡口北側為(wei)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)革(ge)命(ming)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)念(nian)(nian)館(guan)(guan)館(guan)(guan)址,占地(di)(di)面積3870平方米。1990年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)10月(yue)(yue)1日(ri)(ri)奠基(ji)動工(gong)(gong)興(xing)建(jian)。共(gong)集(ji)(ji)資(zi)320余萬元。
新館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)舍于1991年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)6月(yue)20日竣工,建筑面(mian)積1980平方(fang)(fang)米(mi),主(zhu)體建筑俯瞰呈(cheng)鐮刀鐵錘(chui)黨(dang)徽形狀(zhuang),總(zong)高(gao)為(wei)19米(mi),兩層,頂部(bu)(bu)矗立(li)高(gao)6米(mi)井字(zi)形外方(fang)(fang)內(nei)園的(de)豐(feng)功(gong)牌坊,門媚鑲(xiang)嵌鄧小平題(ti)寫“南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)革命(ming)(ming)紀(ji)念(nian)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)”7個金(jin)色(se)大(da)字(zi),館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)內(nei)分黨(dang)史(shi)陳列(lie)(lie)、文物庫(ku)房、接待室、管(guan)理(li)設施4個部(bu)(bu)分。1991年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)6月(yue)25日浙江省慶祝中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國共(gong)產黨(dang)成(cheng)立(li)70周年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)大(da)會暨嘉(jia)興南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)革命(ming)(ming)紀(ji)念(nian)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)新館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)舍落成(cheng)典禮在(zai)嘉(jia)興舉行,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)政(zheng)治局常委(wei)宋平,浙江省委(wei)書記(ji)(ji)李(li)澤民,嘉(jia)興市委(wei)書記(ji)(ji)梁(liang)平波為(wei)紀(ji)念(nian)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)落成(cheng)剪(jian)彩。是年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)7月(yue)1日正式對外開放。同年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)7月(yue)8日中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)總(zong)書記(ji)(ji)江澤民、國務(wu)院副(fu)總(zong)理(li)田紀(ji)云、書記(ji)(ji)處候補(bu)書記(ji)(ji)溫家寶(bao)一行視(shi)(shi)察(cha)(cha)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu),1993年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)2月(yue)江總(zong)書記(ji)(ji)為(wei)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)紀(ji)念(nian)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)題(ti)詞,自1991年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)一1993年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)底中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)領導同志李(li)鵬、陳云、彭真、李(li)先念(nian)、姚依(yi)林(lin)等先后為(wei)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)革命(ming)(ming)紀(ji)念(nian)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)題(ti)詞。紀(ji)念(nian)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)一樓展廳陳列(lie)(lie)了《黨(dang)和國家領導人(ren)對南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)關懷》,展出(chu)了中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)領導同志視(shi)(shi)察(cha)(cha)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)時照(zhao)片、題(ti)詞、題(ti)字(zi)手跡,還舉辦了“我為(wei)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)增光輝”征(zheng)集書畫作(zuo)品(pin)展,展出(chu)書畫500余(yu)件(jian),現南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)革命(ming)(ming)紀(ji)念(nian)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)共(gong)有藏品(pin)673件(jian),其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)一級品(pin)7件(jian),自新館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)開放以來,共(gong)接待觀眾達千余(yu)萬(wan)人(ren)次(ci)。南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)革命(ming)(ming)紀(ji)念(nian)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)現設有辦公室、資料科(ke)(ke)、陳列(lie)(lie)科(ke)(ke)、接待科(ke)(ke)和旅游服(fu)務(wu)部(bu)(bu),截止1999年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)底有工作(zuo)人(ren)員37人(ren),內(nei)有專業職稱22人(ren)。其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)副(fu)研究員館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)員1人(ren),館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)員2人(ren),助(zhu)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)和管(guan)理(li)員19人(ren)。
建筑特點
煙雨(yu)樓(lou)重檐飛翼,典雅(ya)古樸(pu)。樓(lou)周圍亭閣、長廊、假山、花(hua)臺(tai),疏密相(xiang)間,錯落有致。湖中有池,島中有堤,體現了(le)中國造園藝術風格。
煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)雨(yu)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)始建于(yu)五代(dai)后(hou)(hou)晉年(nian)(nian)間(jian)(公元936-947年(nian)(nian)),初(chu)位于(yu)南湖之(zhi)濱,明嘉靖二十六年(nian)(nian)(公元1548年(nian)(nian)),疏(shu)浚市河,所挖河泥(ni)填入(ru)湖中,遂成湖心島(dao),次(ci)年(nian)(nian)移樓(lou)(lou)(lou)于(yu)島(dao)上,從此這里被稱(cheng)為(wei)“小(xiao)瀛洲”。現樓(lou)(lou)(lou)為(wei)1918年(nian)(nian)重(zhong)建,素以(yi)“微雨(yu)欲來,輕煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)滿湖,登樓(lou)(lou)(lou)遠眺,蒼茫迷蒙(meng)”的景色(se)著(zhu)(zhu)稱(cheng)于(yu)世。取名于(yu)唐代(dai)詩人杜牧的詩句“南朝四(si)百八十寺,多少樓(lou)(lou)(lou)臺煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)雨(yu)中”。樓(lou)(lou)(lou)四(si)周短(duan)墻(qiang)曲欄圍(wei)繞(rao),四(si)面長(chang)堤回環,入(ru)口處為(wei)清(qing)暉堂,門外北側墻(qiang)上嵌有(you)“煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)雨(yu)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)”石碑。堂后(hou)(hou)和煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)雨(yu)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)正(zheng)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)東南側各有(you)一(yi)座(zuo)乾隆帝題詩的“御(yu)碑亭(ting)”。清(qing)暉堂兩(liang)側左為(wei)“菱(ling)香水榭”,右(you)(you)為(wei)“菰云簃”。走廊(lang)右(you)(you)有(you)寶梅(mei)亭(ting),內有(you)清(qing)代(dai)名將彭玉麟畫(hua)的梅(mei)花(hua)碑兩(liang)塊(kuai)。煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)雨(yu)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)正(zheng)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)高(gao)約(yue)20 米(mi)(mi),面積640平方(fang)米(mi)(mi),重(zhong)檐畫(hua)棟,朱柱明窗(chuang),氣勢非凡。樓(lou)(lou)(lou)前檐懸董(dong)必(bi)武所書“煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)雨(yu)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)”匾額,樓(lou)(lou)(lou)下正(zheng)廳楹聯:“煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)雨(yu)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)臺,革(ge)命(ming)萌生,此間(jian)曾著(zhu)(zhu)星星火,風云世界(jie),逢春(chun)蟄起,到(dao)處皆聞殷(yin)殷(yin)雷。”亦為(wei)董(dong)必(bi)武所書。樓(lou)(lou)(lou)中還有(you)許(xu)多石刻(ke),其中宋(song)代(dai)蘇(su)軾(shi)、黃庭堅、米(mi)(mi)芾(fei)的題刻(ke),元代(dai)吳鎮(zhen)竹畫(hua)刻(ke)石,近代(dai)吳昌碩所書的墓(mu)志銘碑刻(ke)等較為(wei)著(zhu)(zhu)名。煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)雨(yu)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)后(hou)(hou),假(jia)山巧峙,花(hua)木扶(fu)疏(shu)。假(jia)山西北,亭(ting)閣錯(cuo)落排列,回廊(lang)曲徑(jing)相連(lian),玲瓏(long)精(jing)致,各具情(qing)趣。
登(deng)煙雨樓望南湖(hu)景(jing)色,別有情趣。夏日倚欄遠眺,湖(hu)中(zhong)接天蓮葉無窮碧;春天細雨霏霏,湖(hu)面上(shang)下煙雨朦朧,景(jing)色全在煙霧之中(zhong)。
湖(hu)心(xin)島東南岸,停泊著一(yi)只中型游舫(fang),按當(dang)年中共“一(yi)大”開(kai)會(hui)的游舫(fang)重建。