簡介
石山(shan)口(kou)水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)位(wei)于河南省羅(luo)山(shan)縣(xian)竹竿河支流(liu)小潢河上游,集水(shui)(shui)面積306平方公里,是一座以灌溉、防(fang)洪(hong)(hong)為主(zhu),結合發電和養殖綜(zong)合利用(yong)的(de)丘陵(ling)區(qu)水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)。水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)于1959年元月動工興(xing)建(jian),1969年建(jian)成。水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)原按百年一遇洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)設計(ji),千年一遇洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)校核。“75.8”洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)后按可能最(zui)大(da)洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)(PMF)進(jin)行加固,設計(ji)洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)位(wei)80.6米(mi),校核洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)位(wei)84.52米(mi),總庫(ku)容(rong)3.72億立方米(mi)。
規模
水庫樞紐工程包括主壩、副壩、溢洪道、輸水洞、南干渠首閘、北干渠首閘等。主壩為粘土心墻砂殼壩,壩頂高程85.62米,最大壩高25.62米,壩頂長295米;副壩長373米,最大壩高13.12米。主溢洪道為開敞式寬頂堰,堰頂高程70米,溢洪閘為3孔10х11.3米弧形閘門,最大泄流量1973立方米每秒。輸水洞為圓形有壓隧洞,最大泄流量27立方米每秒。
洪水調度情況
2016年省防指批復的主汛期調(diao)度(du)運用方案為(wei):庫水(shui)位78.50-79.16米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(5年一(yi)(yi)遇)時,控泄150立(li)(li)方米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)/秒(miao)(miao)。庫水(shui)位79.16-79.89米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(20年一(yi)(yi)遇)時,控泄400立(li)(li)方米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)/秒(miao)(miao)。庫水(shui)位79.89-80.91米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(100年一(yi)(yi)遇)時,控泄600立(li)(li)方米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)/秒(miao)(miao)。庫水(shui)位超過80.91米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)時,溢洪道和輸水(shui)洞敞開(kai)泄流。
石(shi)(shi)山口(kou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫灌區(qu)管理局(ju)(ju)根據水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫運行情(qing)況,提(ti)前謀(mou)劃(hua),從4月(yue)28日(ri)開始(shi)開機發(fa)電,累計騰空庫容4100萬(wan)立方(fang)米,為攔(lan)截(jie)本次洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)創造了(le)條件。洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)發(fa)生過(guo)程中,我局(ju)(ju)工(gong)程技(ji)術(shu)人員共向(xiang)市(shi)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)辦(ban)發(fa)出了(le)四次洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)預(yu)(yu)報(修正(zheng)預(yu)(yu)報),準(zhun)確地(di)預(yu)(yu)報了(le)洪(hong)(hong)峰流量和洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)過(guo)程,為領導科(ke)學決(jue)策提(ti)供(gong)可(ke)靠依據。7月(yue)20日(ri)18時(shi),庫水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)達汛限水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)78.50米后,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫管理局(ju)(ju)立即向(xiang)上(shang)級報告(gao),做好了(le)隨時(shi)按(an)(an)省、市(shi)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)指(zhi)指(zhi)令開閘泄(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)洪(hong)(hong)的準(zhun)備工(gong)作(zuo)。21日(ri),省防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)指(zhi)通知12時(shi)泄(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)洪(hong)(hong)100立方(fang)米/秒(miao),因淮河流域普(pu)降大暴(bao)雨,下游縣(xian)城(cheng)部(bu)分區(qu)域已(yi)經進水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)形(xing)成內澇,防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)汛形(xing)勢(shi)緊張(zhang),經與省、市(shi)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)辦(ban)會商后決(jue)定暫緩泄(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)洪(hong)(hong)。根據水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)和下游情(qing)況,省防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)辦(ban)批準(zhun)石(shi)(shi)山口(kou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫從21日(ri)18時(shi)開始(shi)泄(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)洪(hong)(hong)60立方(fang)米/秒(miao)(含發(fa)電)。庫水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)持(chi)續(xu)回落,7月(yue)24日(ri)20時(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)回落到(dao)78.50米,按(an)(an)照省防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)辦(ban)的指(zhi)令關閉溢洪(hong)(hong)道停(ting)止泄(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)洪(hong)(hong),僅(jin)以電站滿發(fa)6立方(fang)米/秒(miao)下泄(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)。
防洪減災效益
在本次洪水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)度中,省、市防(fang)指根據(ju)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫汛情、天氣預報和(he)下游(you)防(fang)汛形(xing)勢,審時(shi)(shi)度勢、科學(xue)調(diao)度、果斷(duan)決策,在石山(shan)口(kou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫自身超汛限(xian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位情況下,為(wei)了下游(you)縣城的(de)防(fang)洪安(an)(an)全,關閘(zha)錯峰(feng)24個(ge)小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(20日(ri)18時(shi)(shi)-21日(ri)18時(shi)(shi)),多攔(lan)蓄(xu)洪水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)1230萬(wan)立方米,削減(jian)洪峰(feng)92.8%,為(wei)下游(you)的(de)防(fang)汛安(an)(an)全作(zuo)出(chu)了應有貢獻。據(ju)初步(bu)分析,在這次洪水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中,因石山(shan)口(kou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫的(de)攔(lan)洪錯峰(feng)和(he)小(xiao)龍山(shan)、子路水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫的(de)錯峰(feng)作(zuo)用(yong),減(jian)少(shao)受災(zai)人口(kou)3.4萬(wan)人,減(jian)少(shao)淹沒耕地面積8.59萬(wan)畝,防(fang)洪社會(hui)效益估算約1.739億元。