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地理位置

弦歌臺位于(yu)河南(nan)省淮(huai)陽(yang)區城西南(nan)隅水靜如練的南(nan)壇湖中，這里紅連映日，碧荷接天，風(feng)景優美，景色宜(yi)人。

孔子與弦歌臺

圣人菜

東周時期(qi)，孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曾三次(ci)來陳(chen)國講(jiang)學(xue)，最后(hou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)是(shi)公元前489年(nian)，楚昭王派人(ren)(ren)(ren)請孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)講(jiang)學(xue)，但(dan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)講(jiang)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)道理是(shi)讓統治者(zhe)如(ru)(ru)何(he)(he)治國的(de)(de)(de)，讓統治者(zhe)如(ru)(ru)何(he)(he)如(ru)(ru)何(he)(he)管理百(bai)姓的(de)(de)(de)，陳(chen)國的(de)(de)(de)老百(bai)姓不(bu)(bu)(bu)愿意了(le)，沒等孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)到楚國見到楚昭王，老百(bai)姓就(jiu)(jiu)把(ba)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)和他的(de)(de)(de)弟子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)們(men)(men)圍困(kun)在(zai)南壇(tan)湖的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個小(xiao)島(dao)上，不(bu)(bu)(bu)給他們(men)(men)吃(chi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)給他們(men)(men)喝，孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)和弟子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)們(men)(men)餓得頭暈眼花(hua)。沒辦(ban)法(fa)，孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)和弟子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)們(men)(men)分頭到湖邊(bian)(bian)找吃(chi)的(de)(de)(de)。魚是(shi)捉不(bu)(bu)(bu)到的(de)(de)(de)，孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)看湖里生長一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)現在(zai)叫蒲的(de)(de)(de)植物，就(jiu)(jiu)拔出來，上邊(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)(de)綠莖不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)吃(chi)，而下邊(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)(de)蒲根(gen)細膩白嫩(nen)，脆甜(tian)可口，孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)就(jiu)(jiu)和弟子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)們(men)(men)吃(chi)蒲根(gen)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)連七日，孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)和弟子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)們(men)(men)就(jiu)(jiu)靠蒲根(gen)生活下來。現在(zai)，這種(zhong)蒲根(gen)叫“圣人(ren)(ren)(ren)菜(cai)(cai)”，涼拌、紅燒味道都(dou)很美，成了(le)陳(chen)州城各大(da)餐館(guan)里一(yi)(yi)(yi)道特(te)色菜(cai)(cai)，有客人(ren)(ren)(ren)從遠方來，這道菜(cai)(cai)是(shi)必不(bu)(bu)(bu)可少的(de)(de)(de)。陳(chen)國的(de)(de)(de)老百(bai)姓看到孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)七日不(bu)(bu)(bu)曾餓死(si)，還(huan)整日給弟子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)們(men)(men)誦史講(jiang)學(xue)，便尊稱孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)為(wei)(wei)真“圣人(ren)(ren)(ren)”。后(hou)來，陳(chen)國人(ren)(ren)(ren)就(jiu)(jiu)在(zai)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)被圍困(kun)的(de)(de)(de)島(dao)上建了(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)座圣人(ren)(ren)(ren)廟，學(xue)名叫“弦歌(ge)臺”，弦歌(ge)臺正殿兩邊(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)(de)石柱上，鐫(juan)刻著對聯一(yi)(yi)(yi)副，為(wei)(wei)“堂上弦歌(ge)七日不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)容大(da)道，庭前俎豆(dou)千年(nian)猶自仰高(gao)山”，以紀念這位老夫子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)三次(ci)來陳(chen)講(jiang)學(xue)的(de)(de)(de)佳話。

弩臺

弦(xian)(xian)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)臺(tai)(tai)，又(you)稱(cheng)厄臺(tai)(tai)、絕糧祠(ci)，位(wei)于(yu)縣(xian)城(cheng)西南(nan)隅的(de)(de)(de)南(nan)壇湖中(zhong)，臺(tai)(tai)上(shang)現(xian)存建(jian)筑(zhu)有(you)(you)二(er)(er)門(men)(men)，正殿(dian)七(qi)(qi)間。正殿(dian)是主體建(jian)筑(zhu)，飛檐斗拱，上(shang)蓋綠(lv)色琉璃瓦(wa)(wa)。周有(you)(you)青石(shi)方柱(zhu)二(er)(er)十(shi)四根(gen)。正門(men)(men)石(shi)柱(zhu)上(shang)鐫刻的(de)(de)(de)對聯是“堂上(shang)弦(xian)(xian)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)七(qi)(qi)日(ri)(ri)不(bu)能(neng)容大道；庭(ting)前俎豆千年(nian)(nian)猶自(zi)仰高山。”前門(men)(men)上(shang)有(you)(you)清(qing)康熙五十(shi)年(nian)(nian)（公元(yuan)1711年(nian)(nian)）立的(de)(de)(de)石(shi)匾，上(shang)書“弦(xian)(xian)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)臺(tai)(tai)”三(san)個大字。弦(xian)(xian)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)臺(tai)(tai)，原(yuan)名“弩臺(tai)(tai)”，《元(yuan)和(he)志(zhi)》說：“后漢(han)陳(chen)(chen)王(wang)寵(chong)善射，嘗于(yu)此教弩”所以(yi)得(de)(de)名。漢(han)靈帝時，爆(bao)發了(le)(le)黃(huang)巾(jin)起義，革命(ming)軍(jun)浩浩蕩蕩，所向披靡(mi)，各郡縣(xian)守(shou)兵望(wang)風(feng)而(er)逃。惟獨陳(chen)(chen)王(wang)劉寵(chong)占據陳(chen)(chen)城(cheng)四面環水的(de)(de)(de)地利，四面吊橋高懸，自(zi)帶(dai)強弩手(shou)數(shu)千固守(shou)此臺(tai)(tai)，義軍(jun)久攻不(bu)下，終于(yu)扼住了(le)(le)黃(huang)巾(jin)軍(jun)，所以(yi)又(you)稱(cheng)“扼臺(tai)(tai)”。到了(le)(le)唐開元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)間，孔(kong)(kong)子廟(miao)遷到這里(li)。明(ming)(ming)憲宗(zong)成代六年(nian)(nian)，知州(zhou)倪(ni)誥重建(jian)孔(kong)(kong)廟(miao)并塑孔(kong)(kong)子和(he)十(shi)賢像(xiang)。明(ming)(ming)世宗(zong)嘉(jia)靖七(qi)(qi)年(nian)(nian)（公元(yuan)1528年(nian)(nian)），巡(xun)(xun)按御史(shi)(shi)譚纘增拓正殿(dian)七(qi)(qi)間，門(men)(men)二(er)(er)座，題曰(yue)“絕糧祠(ci)”。二(er)(er)十(shi)一年(nian)(nian)（公元(yuan)1542年(nian)(nian)）巡(xun)(xun)按御史(shi)(shi)趙(zhao)繼本改名為“弦(xian)(xian)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)臺(tai)(tai)”。明(ming)(ming)神(shen)宗(zong)萬(wan)歷二(er)(er)十(shi)九(jiu)年(nian)(nian)（公元(yuan)1601年(nian)(nian)），睢陳(chen)(chen)道徐(xu)即登增建(jian)大門(men)(men)，曰(yue)“美富之(zhi)門(men)(men)”。清(qing)康熙二(er)(er)十(shi)一年(nian)(nian)（公元(yuan)1628年(nian)(nian)），知州(zhou)蕭國(guo)弼重修(xiu)殿(dian)內塑像(xiang)，五十(shi)二(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)（公元(yuan)1713年(nian)(nian)），都御史(shi)(shi)揆敘(xu)重修(xiu)大殿(dian)七(qi)(qi)楹，改為方形石(shi)柱(zhu)，上(shang)復綠(lv)琉璃瓦(wa)(wa)，重修(xiu)孔(kong)(kong)子及十(shi)賢像(xiang)。乾(qian)隆(long)、嘉(jia)慶、咸豐年(nian)(nian)間又(you)多(duo)次修(xiu)葺，現(xian)存的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)是清(qing)乾(qian)隆(long)四十(shi)八(ba)年(nian)(nian)重建(jian)的(de)(de)(de)，由于(yu)諸多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)(shi)原(yuan)因，這座被歷史(shi)(shi)文人墨客稱(cheng)之(zhi)為陳(chen)(chen)州(zhou)“八(ba)景(jing)”之(zhi)一的(de)(de)(de)弦(xian)(xian)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)臺(tai)(tai)，已失去了(le)(le)昔日(ri)(ri)的(de)(de)(de)輝煌，顯(xian)得(de)(de)破舊。1955年(nian)(nian)底，在(zai)(zai)縣(xian)委、政府的(de)(de)(de)重視下，弦(xian)(xian)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)臺(tai)(tai)得(de)(de)以(yi)整修(xiu)，修(xiu)繕了(le)(le)一進院落圍墻和(he)正門(men)(men)，重塑了(le)(le)孔(kong)(kong)子像(xiang)，使弦(xian)(xian)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)臺(tai)(tai)正門(men)(men)量(liang)現(xian)一派巍峨氣勢。殿(dian)內，一尊(zun)身高三(san)米，面目慈祥，服飾飄(piao)逸(yi)的(de)(de)(de)孔(kong)(kong)子像(xiang)，端坐在(zai)(zai)一米五高的(de)(de)(de)石(shi)雕像(xiang)基上(shang)。《史(shi)(shi)記·孔(kong)(kong)子世家》、《韓詩外傳》、《孔(kong)(kong)子家語》、《孔(kong)(kong)子集注(zhu)》、《搜(sou)神(shen)記》等書都有(you)(you)關(guan)于(yu)孔(kong)(kong)子在(zai)(zai)陳(chen)(chen)絕糧的(de)(de)(de)記載。孔(kong)(kong)子在(zai)(zai)陳(chen)(chen)三(san)年(nian)(nian)，還做過(guo)陳(chen)(chen)國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)官。

厄臺碑

一(yi)(yi)(yi)代(dai)儒師、教(jiao)育(yu)家孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)，其杰出的思想集中(zhong)在這(zhe)些著作中(zhong)，不僅(jin)對中(zhong)國(guo)，乃至世界都產(chan)生(sheng)了巨(ju)大(da)的影響。歷(li)(li)史(shi)文(wen)人都對他(ta)推(tui)崇備至，甚(shen)至連(lian)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)游(you)說于(yu)(yu)陳(chen)蔡(cai)，在陳(chen)蔡(cai)絕(jue)糧這(zhe)件不大(da)光彩的歷(li)(li)史(shi)，也(ye)被儒家贊為孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)偉績(ji)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)代(dai)文(wen)學家王禹在陳(chen)州《厄(e)臺(tai)碑》中(zhong)，把孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)厄(e)于(yu)(yu)陳(chen)蔡(cai)與“天地(di)(di)厄(e)于(yu)(yu)晦月，日月厄(e)于(yu)(yu)薄(bo)蝕，帝舜(shun)厄(e)于(yu)(yu)歷(li)(li)山，大(da)禹厄(e)于(yu)(yu)洪水，成(cheng)(cheng)湯厄(e)于(yu)(yu)夏臺(tai)，文(wen)王厄(e)于(yu)(yu)里”相提(ti)并(bing)論。“唐八大(da)家”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)的曾(ceng)鞏也(ye)吹捧孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)陳(chen)蔡(cai)絕(jue)糧是“圣人齊日月之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時，不能違(wei)日月之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)”。淮(huai)陽(yang)是孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)教(jiao)澤所及(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)，他(ta)的七十二個得(de)意弟子(zi)中(zhong)，淮(huai)陽(yang)人就占4個，加(jia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)在陳(chen)絕(jue)糧，數千年來，世人共知(zhi)。所以歷(li)(li)代(dai)陳(chen)人建祠紀念，教(jiao)化(hua)后人不忘(wang)儒家老祖宗的困苦(ku)與艱辛(xin)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)九九六年五月一(yi)(yi)(yi)日，香港(gang)企業(ye)家，香港(gang)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)教(jiao)學院院長湯恩佳先(xian)后為河南這(zhe)座唯一(yi)(yi)(yi)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)廟捐贈的三米孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)銅像在陳(chen)州落成(cheng)(cheng)揭(jie)幕；臺(tai)內主要建筑大(da)成(cheng)(cheng)殿(dian)已修葺一(yi)(yi)(yi)新(xin)。目前，國(guo)家旅游(you)局將(jiang)這(zhe)座名(ming)勝(sheng)(sheng)列入“孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)周游(you)列國(guo)”國(guo)家旅游(you)專線必至景點，弦歌(ge)臺(tai)這(zhe)座歷(li)(li)史(shi)名(ming)勝(sheng)(sheng)，不久(jiu)將(jiang)成(cheng)(cheng)為人們尋(xun)古(gu)探(tan)幽(you)的勝(sheng)(sheng)地(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)。

保護

1962年4月(yue)(yue)被(bei)淮陽區(qu)人民(min)委(wei)員會公布(bu)為第一批重點文(wen)物保護單位，2006年7月(yue)(yue)被(bei)河南省(sheng)人民(min)政府公布(bu)為重點文(wen)物保護單位。