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簡介

據(ju)民國《鄭(zheng)縣志》記載(zai)，明(ming)弘(hong)治十(shi)(shi)(shi)四年(nian)(1501)知州(zhou)石純粹，嘉(jia)靖(jing)六(liu)(liu)年(nian)(1527)知州(zhou)劉(liu)汝，隆慶四年(nian)(1570)知州(zhou)李時選均(jun)曾重修。清康熙三(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(1691)知州(zhou)陳(chen)一(yi)魁、五十(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)年(nian)(1714)知州(zhou)張，乾隆五年(nian)(1740)知州(zhou)張鉞，光緒十(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)(liu)年(nian)(1890)知州(zhou)吳榮棨亦重修。

此廟坐北朝南(nan)，原占地面(mian)(mian)積(ji)約10畝。由大(da)(da)(da)(da)門(men)(men)、過(guo)庭(ting)、戲(xi)(xi)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)、大(da)(da)(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、后(hou)(hou)寢(qin)宮和(he)東、西(xi)廊房組(zu)成。大(da)(da)(da)(da)門(men)(men)面(mian)(mian)闊(kuo)(kuo)3間(jian)(jian)，進(jin)深2間(jian)(jian)，懸山式(shi)(shi)(shi)建筑(zhu)，綠(lv)色(se)琉(liu)(liu)璃(li)瓦頂(ding)，檐(yan)(yan)下(xia)施三昂七踩(cai)(cai)斗(dou)(dou)拱(gong)，三幅云昂嘴，耍頭呈(cheng)象鼻狀。斗(dou)(dou)拱(gong)后(hou)(hou)尾(wei)均(jun)平插(cha)垂(chui)(chui)(chui)蓮柱(zhu)(zhu)，垂(chui)(chui)(chui)蓮柱(zhu)(zhu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)金枋相(xiang)連，而柱(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)(shang)端，直(zhi)承上(shang)(shang)(shang)金檁。明間(jian)(jian)前(qian)后(hou)(hou)立(li)4根石(shi)柱(zhu)(zhu)，周圍用(yong)木柱(zhu)(zhu)，中間(jian)(jian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)木制通柱(zhu)(zhu)，平面(mian)(mian)均(jun)呈(cheng)小(xiao)八角形。實榻大(da)(da)(da)(da)門(men)(men)3合，分別裝在通柱(zhu)(zhu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)。門(men)(men)前(qian)砌6級扇(shan)面(mian)(mian)形垂(chui)(chui)(chui)帶式(shi)(shi)(shi)踏跺，左(zuo)右立(li)1對(dui)石(shi)獅(shi)子(zi)。過(guo)庭(ting)距(ju)大(da)(da)(da)(da)門(men)(men)10余(yu)米(mi)，面(mian)(mian)闊(kuo)(kuo)3間(jian)(jian)，進(jin)深2間(jian)(jian)，硬(ying)山式(shi)(shi)(shi)建筑(zhu)。灰(hui)筒瓦頂(ding)，正(zheng)(zheng)脊(ji)(ji)兩端置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)吻，中部(bu)飾(shi)(shi)二(er)龍(long)(long)(long)戲(xi)(xi)珠和(he)寶(bao)(bao)瓶，下(xia)有(you)(you)(you)浮雕(diao)(diao)人物(wu)，中置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神像，兩側(ce)各有(you)(you)(you)1對(dui)追逐相(xiang)斗(dou)(dou)的(de)(de)(de)騎士，姿(zi)態各異，栩(xu)栩(xu)如(ru)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。垂(chui)(chui)(chui)脊(ji)(ji)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)裝飾(shi)(shi)也富有(you)(you)(you)變(bian)化，龍(long)(long)(long)飛鳳舞(wu)，百花(hua)盛開，配(pei)以獅(shi)子(zi)滾(gun)繡球和(he)海馬、狎(xia)魚等(deng)脊(ji)(ji)獸(shou)(shou)，十分精巧(qiao)秀(xiu)麗。檐(yan)(yan)下(xia)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一斗(dou)(dou)二(er)升斗(dou)(dou)拱(gong)。山墻下(xia)砌筑(zhu)有(you)(you)(you)弧形墀頭，下(xia)部(bu)雕(diao)(diao)磚上(shang)(shang)(shang)飾(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)麒麟、花(hua)草(cao)和(he)須彌座(zuo)，刻工精細。戲(xi)(xi)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)，又稱(cheng)樂樓(lou)(lou)(lou)。與過(guo)庭(ting)相(xiang)距(ju)咫尺，面(mian)(mian)闊(kuo)(kuo)3間(jian)(jian)，進(jin)深2間(jian)(jian)，歇(xie)(xie)山式(shi)(shi)(shi)高(gao)臺(tai)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)閣，樓(lou)(lou)(lou)高(gao)12米(mi)余(yu)，主(zhu)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)居(ju)中，左(zuo)右兩側(ce)檐(yan)(yan)下(xia)配(pei)以歇(xie)(xie)山式(shi)(shi)(shi)邊樓(lou)(lou)(lou)，上(shang)(shang)(shang)下(xia)錯落(luo)，翼(yi)角重疊。主(zhu)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)前(qian)后(hou)(hou)有(you)(you)(you)抱(bao)廈(sha)，前(qian)抱(bao)廈(sha)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)2根平面(mian)(mian)呈(cheng)小(xiao)八角形石(shi)柱(zhu)(zhu)支(zhi)撐，石(shi)柱(zhu)(zhu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)鐫刻楹聯為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“傳出幽明報應彰(zhang)天道(dao)，演來生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)死輪回醒世人。”后(hou)(hou)抱(bao)廈(sha)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)垂(chui)(chui)(chui)花(hua)門(men)(men)式(shi)(shi)(shi)。全樓(lou)(lou)(lou)共(gong)有(you)(you)(you)19條屋(wu)脊(ji)(ji)縱(zong)橫(heng)斜(xie)插(cha)，置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)吻脊(ji)(ji)獸(shou)(shou)，藍綠(lv)色(se)琉(liu)(liu)璃(li)脊(ji)(ji)飾(shi)(shi)。整體建筑(zhu)小(xiao)巧(qiao)玲瓏(long)，造(zao)(zao)型(xing)別致。戲(xi)(xi)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)北20余(yu)米(mi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，面(mian)(mian)闊(kuo)(kuo)3間(jian)(jian)，進(jin)深3間(jian)(jian)，單(dan)檐(yan)(yan)歇(xie)(xie)山綠(lv)色(se)琉(liu)(liu)璃(li)瓦頂(ding)，脊(ji)(ji)飾(shi)(shi)用(yong)黃(huang)綠(lv)色(se)琉(liu)(liu)璃(li)。正(zheng)(zheng)脊(ji)(ji)兩端置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)大(da)(da)(da)(da)吻，脊(ji)(ji)上(shang)(shang)(shang)飾(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)龍(long)(long)(long)、鳳和(he)牡(mu)(mu)丹(dan)，脊(ji)(ji)中豎獅(shi)子(zi)寶(bao)(bao)瓶，兩側(ce)飾(shi)(shi)小(xiao)寶(bao)(bao)瓶。垂(chui)(chui)(chui)脊(ji)(ji)、戧(chuang)脊(ji)(ji)均(jun)飾(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)花(hua)卉、卷(juan)草(cao)等(deng)圖案，并配(pei)以獅(shi)子(zi)等(deng)脊(ji)(ji)獸(shou)(shou)。檐(yan)(yan)下(xia)施垂(chui)(chui)(chui)昂五踩(cai)(cai)斗(dou)(dou)拱(gong)，昂嘴呈(cheng)五角形。前(qian)檐(yan)(yan)明間(jian)(jian)施有(you)(you)(you)兩攢溜(liu)金斗(dou)(dou)拱(gong)，角科用(yong)把臂廂拱(gong)。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)內為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)九檁前(qian)后(hou)(hou)廊式(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)柱(zhu)(zhu)梁結構(gou)，橫(heng)梁縱(zong)檁，立(li)柱(zhu)(zhu)斜(xie)椽，交替(ti)錯落(luo)，排列有(you)(you)(you)序。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)前(qian)、后(hou)(hou)明間(jian)(jian)均(jun)裝修(xiu)有(you)(you)(you)4扇(shan)六抹(mo)槅扇(shan)，殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)前(qian)次間(jian)(jian)裝修(xiu)有(you)(you)(you)檻(jian)窗(chuang)，均(jun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)正(zheng)(zheng)搭(da)(da)斜(xie)交凌(ling)(ling)花(hua)式(shi)(shi)(shi)。檐(yan)(yan)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)墊拱(gong)板上(shang)(shang)(shang)還繪有(you)(you)(you)八仙過(guo)海、二(er)十四孝等(deng)彩(cai)畫。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)前(qian)砌有(you)(you)(you)月臺(tai)。大(da)(da)(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)(hou)20米(mi)有(you)(you)(you)寢(qin)宮，由拜廈(sha)和(he)寢(qin)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)組(zu)成，中有(you)(you)(you)地溝相(xiang)隔(ge)。寢(qin)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)面(mian)(mian)闊(kuo)(kuo)5間(jian)(jian)，進(jin)深3間(jian)(jian)，懸山式(shi)(shi)(shi)建筑(zhu)；殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)拜廈(sha)，面(mian)(mian)闊(kuo)(kuo)5間(jian)(jian)，進(jin)深4架椽，卷(juan)棚頂(ding)。屋(wu)面(mian)(mian)均(jun)覆以綠(lv)色(se)琉(liu)(liu)璃(li)瓦，脊(ji)(ji)飾(shi)(shi)用(yong)黃(huang)綠(lv)花(hua)色(se)琉(liu)(liu)璃(li)。寢(qin)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)正(zheng)(zheng)脊(ji)(ji)兩端置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)2米(mi)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)吻，中央(yang)飾(shi)(shi)一重檐(yan)(yan)歇(xie)(xie)山式(shi)(shi)(shi)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)閣，脊(ji)(ji)兩側(ce)塑(su)有(you)(you)(you)雙龍(long)(long)(long)戲(xi)(xi)珠，鳳穿牡(mu)(mu)丹(dan)，垂(chui)(chui)(chui)脊(ji)(ji)雕(diao)(diao)有(you)(you)(you)羽人、石(shi)榴、花(hua)卉等(deng)，玲瓏(long)剔透。檐(yan)(yan)下(xia)施三昂七踩(cai)(cai)斗(dou)(dou)拱(gong)，昂嘴和(he)耍頭呈(cheng)象鼻狀，斗(dou)(dou)拱(gong)后(hou)(hou)尾(wei)均(jun)平插(cha)有(you)(you)(you)垂(chui)(chui)(chui)柱(zhu)(zhu)，獨具匠心。檐(yan)(yan)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)墊拱(gong)板上(shang)(shang)(shang)，繪有(you)(you)(you)色(se)彩(cai)絢麗的(de)(de)(de)彩(cai)繪，造(zao)(zao)型(xing)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動，題材(cai)豐(feng)富，有(you)(you)(you)鯉魚跳龍(long)(long)(long)門(men)(men)、喜(xi)鵲鬧梅、鳳戲(xi)(xi)牡(mu)(mu)丹(dan)、松鶴延年、龍(long)(long)(long)虎相(xiang)斗(dou)(dou)、獅(shi)子(zi)滾(gun)繡球等(deng)。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)明、次間(jian)(jian)裝有(you)(you)(you)六抹(mo)槅扇(shan)，梢間(jian)(jian)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)檻(jian)窗(chuang)，均(jun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)正(zheng)(zheng)搭(da)(da)斜(xie)交凌(ling)(ling)花(hua)式(shi)(shi)(shi)。

該廟的建(jian)(jian)筑以(yi)建(jian)(jian)造(zao)精致(zhi)、結構堅實而著稱。廟內(nei)原有(you)碑(bei)刻(ke)，其中有(you)明初鄭州同知張(zhang)大猷草書石碑(bei)《福贊(zan)》、《壽贊(zan)》兩(liang)通，前(qian)者(zhe)碑(bei)高(gao)1.88米(mi)，寬0.83米(mi)；后(hou)者(zhe)高(gao)1.81米(mi)，寬0.8米(mi)，筆(bi)跡蒼勁挺拔，現僅(jin)存《福贊(zan)》碑(bei)。1963年6月20日，由原河南(nan)省(sheng)人民委員會(hui)公布為河南(nan)省(sheng)文物(wu)保(bao)護單位。

歷史典故

鄭州(zhou)城隍廟供奉的是漢劉邦麾下大將紀(ji)信。

漢(han)高祖(zu)劉(liu)邦三年(nian)（公元前(qian)204年(nian)），項羽圍劉(liu)邦于(yu)滎陽，危難之(zhi)中(zhong)，紀信冒充漢(han)王(wang)(wang)(wang)，使劉(liu)邦得以(yi)逃走。《資治(zhi)通鑒》記載：“五月，將軍(jun)紀信言于(yu)漢(han)王(wang)(wang)(wang)曰：事急矣，臣請誑楚，王(wang)(wang)(wang)可(ke)以(yi)間出。”于(yu)是(shi)陳平夜出女子東門二干余人，楚因而(er)四面擊之(zhi)。紀信乃乘王(wang)(wang)(wang)車，黃屋左纛，曰：“食(shi)盡(jin)，漢(han)王(wang)(wang)(wang)降楚。”楚皆呼萬歲(sui)，出城(cheng)東觀(guan)，以(yi)故(gu)漢(han)王(wang)(wang)(wang)得以(yi)數(shu)十(shi)騎出西門遁(dun)去……羽見紀信，問：“漢(han)王(wang)(wang)(wang)安在？”曰：已出去矣。“羽燒(shao)殺信”就是(shi)說的這個故(gu)事。

基本概況

鄭(zheng)州(zhou)城(cheng)隍廟全稱是“鄭(zheng)州(zhou)城(cheng)隍靈佑侯廟”，在鄭(zheng)州(zhou)市商城(cheng)路(lu)北，職(zhi)工路(lu)(原(yuan)名：城(cheng)隍廟街)北端。建于(yu)明代初年，弘治(zhi)十四年（1501年）重修，是河南省(sheng)規模較大、保(bao)存完好(hao)的明清古建筑群落之(zhi)一。數百(bai)年來，雖屢遭兵燹、火災(zai)及人為破壞，后(hou)經多次營建修葺，基(ji)本上保(bao)留了(le)歷史原(yuan)貌，因此(ci)彌足珍貴。

是(shi)目前河(he)南保存最完整、規模最大(da)(da)(da)的古建(jian)筑群。該廟始建(jian)于明(ming)代(dai)初(chu)年，清代(dai)重修。主要有(you)山(shan)門、前殿、樂樓、大(da)(da)(da)殿、寢宮等(deng)，全(quan)部殿堂均為琉璃瓦覆頂，造型(xing)精(jing)致，結構緊(jin)湊。其中(zhong)樂樓高(gao)達15米，大(da)(da)(da)殿內外的雕(diao)刻非常(chang)有(you)特(te)色，在正(zheng)面(mian)屋脊(ji)上雕(diao)有(you)游龍(long)和鳳(feng)(feng)凰，旁(pang)邊有(you)荷花、獅子等(deng)，圖(tu)案(an)精(jing)美，雕(diao)工細致；進(jin)入大(da)(da)(da)殿，兩側可(ke)見雕(diao)刻的龍(long)、鳳(feng)(feng)、牡丹(dan)；殿上刻有(you)“八仙過海”及蒼松翠柏(bo)、人物鳥獸(shou)，構圖(tu)和諧精(jing)致。

每年的農歷三月(yue)十八日，城(cheng)隍廟(miao)(miao)里都舉辦廟(miao)(miao)會活動(dong)，屆時，各(ge)種(zhong)各(ge)樣的民間工(gong)藝品、風(feng)味小吃(chi)都匯聚于此，前(qian)來(lai)趕(gan)廟(miao)(miao)會的人更是(shi)絡繹不絕，場(chang)面熱鬧非凡(fan)。

建筑結構

該廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)坐北面(mian)南，山(shan)門、前殿(dian)、戲樓、大殿(dian)、寢宮、東西(xi)廊廡等(deng)，沿中軸線依次排列，層(ceng)次分明(ming)，布局(ju)結構合理，建(jian)筑均為(wei)琉璃瓦覆蓋(gai)，卷棚出廈，飛檐(yan)四(si)出，造型(xing)精(jing)致，結構緊湊。整個建(jian)筑紅磚綠瓦，畫梁雕(diao)(diao)棟，既凝重(zhong)端(duan)莊，又古(gu)樸典雅(ya)，是(shi)鄭州市絕(jue)無僅有的明(ming)清建(jian)筑精(jing)品(pin)。其中丈五(wu)左(zuo)右(you)(you)的歇(xie)山(shan)式(shi)(shi)雙層(ceng)戲樓，堪稱鄭州之最。樂樓高達15米，歇(xie)山(shan)式(shi)(shi)雙層(ceng)建(jian)筑，正脊(ji)(ji)浮(fu)雕(diao)(diao)游龍數條(tiao)，有鳳凰(huang)(huang)在上(shang)下飛舞(wu)，有荷(he)花、獅(shi)子(zi)在左(zuo)右(you)(you)陪襯(chen)，異常生動。大殿(dian)正脊(ji)(ji)兩端(duan)雕(diao)(diao)有吞脊(ji)(ji)吻獸，兩側刻滾龍數條(tiao)，并飾鳳凰(huang)(huang)、牡丹；殿(dian)上(shang)刻有“八仙過(guo)海”及蒼(cang)松翠(cui)柏、人物(wu)鳥獸，構圖和諧精(jing)致，左(zuo)右(you)(you)對稱，絕(jue)妙異常。每年(nian)農歷三月(yue)十八日廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)會時(shi)節，臺上(shang)古(gu)樂喧(xuan)天(tian)，絲弦陣陣，臺下游人如癡如醉。加之雜耍、民間工藝品(pin)，各(ge)種名優小(xiao)吃(chi)繽紛上(shang)市，更給城(cheng)隍(huang)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)平添不少光彩。解放后，政府又撥款對其進行整修，并重(zhong)塑(su)城(cheng)隍(huang)金身，終使這座有著五(wu)百年(nian)“廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)齡”的古(gu)建(jian)筑群，再獲新生。

交通信息

市內乘坐公交2路(lu)、52路(lu)、58路(lu)、61路(lu)、65路(lu)、727路(lu)、b17路(lu)、y801路(lu)到鄭州(zhou)城隍(huang)廟(miao)站下可到