故居特點
張樂行故居(ju)屬清式四合院,松柏掩映,有合瓦(wa)瓦(wa)房16間(jian),其中(zhong)前排堂(tang)層5間(jian),后客廳5間(jian),東西廂房各3間(jian)。客廳重梁(liang)起架,雕(diao)梁(liang)畫棟,明(ming)柱走廊,花格門窗,建筑雄偉。安(an)徽省重點文物保護單位(wei)。
紀念人物
姓名 張樂行(xing) 性別 男(nan) 民(min)族 漢(han)(han)族 籍貫 安(an)徽(hui)亳州(zhou)雉(zhi)河(he)(he)(he)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(今(jin)渦陽) 出(chu)生年(nian)(nian)(nian)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue) 1811年(nian)(nian)(nian) 犧牲日(ri)(ri)(ri)期(qi) 1863年(nian)(nian)(nian)04月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)05日(ri)(ri)(ri) 出(chu)身于(yu)(yu)地(di)主(zhu)(zhu)家庭。早年(nian)(nian)(nian)開糟坊、糧(liang)行(xing)、賭局,又結黨販運(yun)私鹽(yan)(yan)做“鹽(yan)(yan)趟(tang)主(zhu)(zhu)”。在販運(yun)私鹽(yan)(yan)時,常(chang)與(yu)(yu)官府發(fa)(fa)生矛(mao)盾,遂(sui)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)眾(zhong)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)捻(nian),進(jin)行(xing)自(zi)衛,并(bing)支持農民(min)抗(kang)糧(liang)、抗(kang)差、吃大(da)戶(hu)的(de)(de)斗爭。1853年(nian)(nian)(nian)聯合龔(gong)得樹(shu)聚眾(zhong)萬余(yu)人圍(wei)攻(gong)(gong)河(he)(he)(he)南(nan)(nan)永(yong)(yong)城(cheng)(cheng),劫獄救囚,聲勢漸大(da)。同年(nian)(nian)(nian)11月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),與(yu)(yu)永(yong)(yong)、毫一(yi)帶馮金(jin)標、張鳳山等(deng)18股捻(nian)首在雉(zhi)河(he)(he)(he)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)歃(sha)血為盟,被推為盟主(zhu)(zhu),樹(shu)黃(huang)旗(qi)起義(yi)(yi),號稱“十(shi)八鋪聚義(yi)(yi)”,成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為初期(qi)捻(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)首領。1853年(nian)(nian)(nian)被清軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)招撫。1854年(nian)(nian)(nian)與(yu)(yu)龔(gong)得樹(shu)、蘇(su)天福再(zai)舉義(yi)(yi)旗(qi),控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)淮(huai)(huai)北(bei)(bei)廣大(da)地(di)區。1855年(nian)(nian)(nian)8月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),永(yong)(yong)、亳及附近(jin)(jin)州(zhou)縣各捻(nian)會(hui)盟于(yu)(yu)雉(zhi)河(he)(he)(he)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),被推為首領,稱“大(da)漢(han)(han)明命王(wang)”,建黃(huang)、白(bai)、紅(hong)、黑、藍五旗(qi)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),各路捻(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)俱聽調遣,并(bing)兼(jian)領黃(huang)旗(qi)。還(huan)發(fa)(fa)布告(gao)示和《行(xing)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)條例(li)》,使(shi)捻(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)有了統一(yi)的(de)(de)組織(zhi)和領導(dao)。捻(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)于(yu)(yu)此(ci)正(zheng)式起義(yi)(yi),派(pai)兵四出(chu)攻(gong)(gong)打(da)附近(jin)(jin)州(zhou)縣,控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)區域南(nan)(nan)至(zhi)潁(ying)上(shang)、霍(huo)丘,北(bei)(bei)抵江蘇(su)蕭山、碭縣,東(dong)接懷遠(yuan),西連河(he)(he)(he)南(nan)(nan)歸德府。1856年(nian)(nian)(nian)6月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)19日(ri)(ri)(ri),雉(zhi)河(he)(he)(he)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)失陷(xian),率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)部(bu)(bu)南(nan)(nan)撤。7月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)16日(ri)(ri)(ri),攻(gong)(gong)克淮(huai)(huai)河(he)(he)(he)上(shang)游重鎮三河(he)(he)(he)尖(jian)。旋回軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)北(bei)(bei)上(shang),于(yu)(yu)8月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)24日(ri)(ri)(ri)奪(duo)回雉(zhi)河(he)(he)(he)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。1857年(nian)(nian)(nian)與(yu)(yu)太(tai)平軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)陳玉成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、李秀成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)部(bu)(bu)會(hui)師于(yu)(yu)霍(huo)丘、六安(an)交界處,接受(shou)太(tai)平天國(guo)領導(dao),受(shou)封為“征北(bei)(bei)主(zhu)(zhu)將(jiang)”。從此(ci),捻(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)一(yi)律蓄發(fa)(fa),改換太(tai)平天國(guo)旗(qi)幟。同年(nian)(nian)(nian)10月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)13日(ri)(ri)(ri),退(tui)(tui)至(zhi)六安(an)。1858年(nian)(nian)(nian)5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)下旬率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)兵北(bei)(bei)上(shang),經(jing)正(zheng)陽關、峽(xia)石口,占領懷遠(yuan)、臨淮(huai)(huai)和鳳陽府縣兩城(cheng)(cheng),控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)淮(huai)(huai)河(he)(he)(he)南(nan)(nan)北(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)交通,斷(duan)絕(jue)清淮(huai)(huai)北(bei)(bei)鹽(yan)(yan)運(yun)。11月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)與(yu)(yu)廬(lu)州(zhou)太(tai)平軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)南(nan)(nan)下,配合陳玉成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、李秀成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)指揮的(de)(de)三河(he)(he)(he)之役,大(da)敗湘軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。次年(nian)(nian)(nian)夏,派(pai)龔(gong)得樹(shu)領兵渡淮(huai)(huai)河(he)(he)(he),聯合太(tai)平天國(guo)廬(lu)州(zhou)守(shou)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)吳(wu)如孝部(bu)(bu)攻(gong)(gong)克懷遠(yuan),自(zi)此(ci)兩軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)占領地(di)區聯為一(yi)片(pian)。11月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)南(nan)(nan)退(tui)(tui)定遠(yuan)。1860年(nian)(nian)(nian)指揮張宗禹率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)主(zhu)(zhu)力(li)3萬余(yu)人出(chu)征蘇(su)北(bei)(bei)敵后,占領清江浦(今(jin)淮(huai)(huai)陰),被太(tai)平天國(guo)封為沃王(wang)。1861年(nian)(nian)(nian)冬進(jin)駐潁(ying)上(shang)。1862年(nian)(nian)(nian)2月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),與(yu)(yu)陳玉成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)所派(pai)陳得才、賴文(wen)光(guang)部(bu)(bu)合攻(gong)(gong)潁(ying)州(zhou)府(今(jin)阜陽)。5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)陳玉成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)被俘(fu),率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)孤軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)在淮(huai)(huai)河(he)(he)(he)南(nan)(nan)北(bei)(bei)堅持斗爭。次年(nian)(nian)(nian)再(zai)退(tui)(tui)雉(zhi)河(he)(he)(he)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),扼守(shou)尹家河(he)(he)(he)。3月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)23日(ri)(ri)(ri),率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)20萬大(da)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)與(yu)(yu)僧(seng)格林沁(qin)決戰,戰敗后退(tui)(tui)至(zhi)西陽集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),因(yin)叛(pan)徒出(chu)賣被俘(fu)。4月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)5日(ri)(ri)(ri),在亳州(zhou)義(yi)(yi)門集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)附近(jin)(jin)周家營被害。