冶父山最高峰為兜率峰,海拔375米,自麓至巔凡五里許,群峰聳拔。1992年,冶父山被國家林業部批準為國家森林公園,2014年正式批準為國家AAAA級旅游景區。冶(ye)父山(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)頭(tou)有(you)寺,名(ming)(ming)曰“伏(fu)虎寺”,山(shan)(shan)下有(you)寺,名(ming)(ming)曰“實際禪(chan)寺”,城(cheng)中“金剛寺”設(she)為下院,皆由教慈伏(fu)虎禪(chan)師(shi)創(chuang)建。相傳遠古(gu)時候,有(you)一(yi)個相貌奇丑、雙目失明(ming)的(de)孩(hai)子,被父母遺棄(qi),巧(qiao)遇(yu)一(yi)只老虎路過,銜入洞中喂養大,并刨出泉水(shui),治好了(le)孩(hai)子的(de)眼睛(jing)。孩(hai)子長(chang)大后(hou)當(dang)了(le)和尚,老虎和他形影不(bu)離。后(hou)來到了(le)冶(ye)父山(shan)(shan),建廟安身,傳經修(xiu)道(dao)。此(ci)事被唐昭宗皇帝李曄知(zhi)曉(xiao),就敕封(feng)他為“孝慈伏(fu)虎禪(chan)師(shi)”,“伏(fu)虎寺”也因此(ci)得(de)名(ming)(ming)。山(shan)(shan)上山(shan)(shan)下,也由此(ci)衍生(sheng)了(le)虎刨泉、系(xi)虎墩(dun)、伏(fu)虎禪(chan)師(shi)塔、報恩寺等多處古(gu)跡名(ming)(ming)勝。該寺最獨(du)特的(de)佛教建筑是(shi)(shi)無量殿(dian),該殿(dian)至頂沒有(you)橫梁架構,而直接采用大石塊壘(lei)成。寺內重要文(wen)物是(shi)(shi)青(qing)銅大鍋(guo),被定為國家二級文(wen)物;寺內另有(you)僧人墓塔四座,明(ming)、清碑刻(ke)16塊。
鑄(zhu)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)池又稱龍(long)泉,位于(yu)伏虎寺東北石(shi)階(jie)路側(ce),周圍松竹掩(yan)映(ying)。相傳(chuan)歐冶(ye)(ye)子在冶(ye)(ye)父山為楚王鑄(zhu)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),用龍(long)泉淬火,后人將其改稱為鑄(zhu)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)池。冶(ye)(ye)父八景(jing)中(zhong)“龍(long)池映(ying)月”指(zhi)的(de)(de)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)鑄(zhu)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)池。鑄(zhu)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)池水光玉瑩,清(qing)冷逼人,凜凜如劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)氣浮空(kong)。池四周以石(shi)圍欄,立石(shi)碑,建(jian)鑄(zhu)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)亭。此(ci)(ci)乃明萬(wan)歷年(nian)間集資修建(jian),今亭廢碑失(shi),石(shi)欄尚(shang)存。鑄(zhu)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)池是(shi)(shi)冶(ye)(ye)父山鎮最早有(you)(you)文字記載的(de)(de)古跡,《冶(ye)(ye)父山志》載有(you)(you)鑄(zhu)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)池碑記全文。歷代騷人墨客游過此(ci)(ci)山后留下(xia)不少詩篇(pian),有(you)(you)詩曰“長劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)欲一(yi)淬,夜尋冶(ye)(ye)父山,攬(lan)衣望奇氣,直在斗牛(niu)間”。鑄(zhu)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)池西(xi)北20米石(shi)階(jie)路左側(ce)有(you)(you)二巨石(shi)相合,如雙(shuang)掌(zhang)合十(shi),十(shi)指(zhi)向空(kong),指(zhi)“合掌(zhang)石(shi)”,有(you)(you)詩為證:“石(shi)麗楊枝滴露團(tuan),插(cha)天雙(shuang)袖沒(mei)云端(duan),年(nian)年(nian)常向空(kong)王禮,耐盡西(xi)風十(shi)指(zhi)寒。”又傳(chuan)歐冶(ye)(ye)公當(dang)年(nian)鑄(zhu)成寶劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),為試(shi)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)鋒,對此(ci)(ci)石(shi)用力一(yi)劈,劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)過石(shi)開,故又稱“試(shi)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)石(shi)”。
百(bai)尺(chi)(chi)崖(ya)(ya)位(wei)于冶(ye)父山(shan)巔下(xia)東處,距鑄劍池(chi)(chi)約100米,崖(ya)(ya)高百(bai)尺(chi)(chi),寬數丈,石壁(bi)陡峭,正面光滑如(ru)同刀削(xue)(xue),崖(ya)(ya)頂有(you)(you)(you)危(wei)石搖(yao)搖(yao)欲墜,十(shi)分(fen)險峻,極為(wei)壯觀(guan)。明代詩(shi)人周(zhou)良德寫道“嶄(zhan)嶄(zhan)百(bai)尺(chi)(chi)巖,天斧削(xue)(xue)玫瑰,舉手隘(ai)乾(qian)坤,伸(shen)手捫(men)星(xing)斗。”百(bai)尺(chi)(chi)崖(ya)(ya)下(xia)有(you)(you)(you)泉一(yi)眼,半(ban)圓(yuan)形,大如(ru)釜水,深僅尺(chi)(chi)許,大雨(yu)不(bu)(bu)溢(yi),久旱不(bu)(bu)竭(jie),每逢蒸氣上升,即告落(luo)雨(yu)。泉窟內生有(you)(you)(you)蠑螈數十(shi)只,長三(san)寸(cun),黑背,紅肚五爪,極可愛。當地稱(cheng)之為(wei)“小龍(long)(long)”,龍(long)(long)鰍因(yin)此得名。此泉亦(yi)稱(cheng)化龍(long)(long)池(chi)(chi)。古時此處建有(you)(you)(you)龍(long)(long)池(chi)(chi)閣(ge),今有(you)(you)(you)池(chi)(chi)無閣(ge)。龍(long)(long)池(chi)(chi)下(xia)直立巨(ju)石,中(zhong)裂(lie)似門,故稱(cheng)觀(guan)音(yin)門,不(bu)(bu)少(shao)香客在此敬香拜佛。百(bai)尺(chi)(chi)崖(ya)(ya)四(si)周(zhou)密生松(song)林,每當風起,松(song)濤(tao)陣陣,似有(you)(you)(you)“午夜濤(tao)聲到枕邊”的意境。古人稱(cheng)“百(bai)尺(chi)(chi)松(song)濤(tao)”,是冶(ye)父八景(jing)之一(yi)。
伏(fu)(fu)虎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)洞(dong)(dong)位于(yu)冶父山(shan)(shan)巔西南,距伏(fu)(fu)虎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)寺不(bu)足百米,石階(jie)路上側。沿高數尺,深不(bu)滿丈,游客須彎(wan)腰(yao)方能入內。據《冶父山(shan)(shan)志》載,伏(fu)(fu)虎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)禪師當(dang)年開山(shan)(shan)建剎時(shi),曾與住此(ci)洞(dong)(dong)的老虎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)棲息一起形影不(bu)離。有(you)詩為(wei)證:“古跡(ji)山(shan)(shan)深虎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)跡(ji)通,法幢(chuang)人(ren)靜夜(ye)燈紅(hong),支(zhi)床睡破(po)勞生(sheng)(sheng)夢,不(bu)信因緣為(wei)遠公。”當(dang)地(di)民間(jian)傳(chuan),患(huan)有(you)腰(yao)痛者,進山(shan)(shan)入洞(dong)(dong)采附近山(shan)(shan)竹,截成竹節支(zhi)撐洞(dong)(dong)壁,腰(yao)疼即愈。伏(fu)(fu)虎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)洞(dong)(dong)前坡(po)極陡,洞(dong)(dong)口朝陽,若逢西南風,風灌洞(dong)(dong)聲若虎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)嘯(xiao),音傳(chuan)數里,古稱(cheng)“虎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)洞(dong)(dong)吟(yin)風”,是冶父八景又一景觀。相傳(chuan)在唐(tang)朝時(shi)期,一戶人(ren)家生(sheng)(sheng)一雙目(mu)失明的孩(hai)(hai)子(zi)(zi),將他(ta)遺棄在路邊,被一斑斕猛(meng)虎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)撞見,銜入此(ci)山(shan)(shan)洞(dong)(dong)中。奇怪,那(nei)只老虎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)不(bu)但不(bu)吃(chi)這孩(hai)(hai)子(zi)(zi),還小(xiao)心地(di)喂他(ta),并用虎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)爪刨出了泉(quan)水,給孩(hai)(hai)子(zi)(zi)洗眼(yan),孩(hai)(hai)子(zi)(zi)的眼(yan)睛奇跡(ji)般地(di)復明了,孩(hai)(hai)子(zi)(zi)長大后出家當(dang)了和尚(shang)。那(nei)只老虎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)與他(ta)形影不(bu)離,相依相伴。唐(tang)昭(zhao)宗得知此(ci)事,大為(wei)贊賞,稱(cheng)他(ta)為(wei)伏(fu)(fu)虎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)禪師。伏(fu)(fu)虎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)洞(dong)(dong)——“虎(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)洞(dong)(dong)吟(yin)風”也因此(ci)而(er)馳名。
兜(dou)(dou)率峰(feng)(feng)(feng)為冶(ye)父八(ba)景之一,實際寺后有峰(feng)(feng)(feng)三座,一峰(feng)(feng)(feng)高似一峰(feng)(feng)(feng),峰(feng)(feng)(feng)高入云,“兜(dou)(dou)率參天(tian)”因(yin)此得名。站在實際寺前仰首眺望,山(shan)逢突兀,秀如削(xue)成,懸巖怪(guai)石,甚為壯觀;雨后轉(zhuan)晴,青山(shan)如黛,白云環繞,尤入仙(xian)境;每逢春至蘭蕙桃李(li),馬(ma)纓(ying)杜鵑開滿(man)林壑,爛若云錦,秋(qiu)末(mo)冬(dong)至,黃菊(ju)芬芳,香飄(piao)四溢,令人賞(shang)心悅目。
響(xiang)鼓(gu)(gu)嶺位于無梁殿后自(zi)歐(ou)峰向東(dong)沿嶺而下(xia),其嶺逶迤數里(li),或丈發或足踏,皆(jie)應聲如(ru)(ru)鼓(gu)(gu),冶父山(shan)八景中“響(xiang)鼓(gu)(gu)晴(qing)雷”由此(ci)得名。響(xiang)鼓(gu)(gu)嶺大來峰橫空(kong)懸出(chu)一石(shi)(shi),似如(ru)(ru)天(tian)外(wai)飛來,形如(ru)(ru)展翅(chi)欲飛的雄鷹。此(ci)處多為云霧遮繞,常有(you)雄鷹出(chu)沒,故稱(cheng)之為“飛鷹石(shi)(shi)”。響(xiang)鼓(gu)(gu)嶺下(xia)溝壑處有(you)石(shi)(shi)壁,高逾丈,似無字碑(bei),旁有(you)一石(shi)(shi),平正如(ru)(ru)座,天(tian)上所作,奇巧非凡(fan)。響(xiang)鼓(gu)(gu)嶺兩側山(shan)坡杉松如(ru)(ru)蓋,濃郁幽深,其中有(you)數片楓林,樹(shu)干挺拔(ba),枝葉婆娑,每當入秋(qiu)之后楓葉紅艷(yan),層林盡染,可謂“冶山(shan)紅楓”!
鐵路:
合(he)(he)九鐵路(lu)(合(he)(he)肥——九江)。在廬江設(she)廬江站(zhan)、柯(ke)坦站(zhan)。
高速公路:
合(he)界(jie)高(gao)(gao)速(su)公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(合(he)肥(fei)——界(jie)子墩),也稱合(he)安高(gao)(gao)速(su)公(gong)(gong)路(lu),滬蓉(rong)高(gao)(gao)速(su)公(gong)(gong)路(lu)的一部分。合(he)銅(tong)黃高(gao)(gao)速(su)公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(合(he)肥(fei)——銅(tong)陵(ling)——黃山)。高(gao)(gao)等級公(gong)(gong)路(lu),合(he)銅(tong)二級汽車(che)專(zhuan)用(yong)公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(合(he)肥(fei)——銅(tong)陵(ling)),簡稱合(he)銅(tong)公(gong)(gong)路(lu)。
普通公路:
省(sheng)道(dao):軍二路(lu)(S319線,軍埠——二壩),廬巢路(lu)(廬江——巢湖)。
廬江(jiang)縣城有公(gong)交直達景區,2路公(gong)交起點廬江(jiang)四中(zhong),終(zhong)點冶父山國家森林公(gong)園,時間:6點到18點,票價2.5元。
由合肥上合銅公路(lu)到廬江縣城(cheng),再往巢湖方向(xiang),路(lu)邊有指示牌,就在(zai)路(lu)邊。合肥——京臺高速(su)——S319——S316——冶父山國家森林公園。
安(an)徽冶父(fu)山(shan)國家森林公(gong)園(yuan)位于廬江縣冶父(fu)山(shan)鎮境內。東臨泊山(shan)洞景(jing)區(qu),南近九(jiu)華山(shan)風景(jing)區(qu),西靠萬佛(fo)湖(hu)風景(jing)區(qu),北(bei)頻巢湖(hu)風景(jing)名(ming)勝區(qu)。公(gong)園(yuan)地理坐標為東經117°01′-117°34′、北(bei)緯30°57′-31°33′,總(zong)面積810.47公(gong)頃。
冶父山地質由侵入巖等組成,面積約3-5平方公里,巖體結晶較好,有少量黃鐵礦化。在廬(lu)江城(cheng)北(bei)丘(qiu)陵(ling)區內,丘(qiu)陵(ling)呈西南至(zhi)東(dong)北(bei)走向,間顯陡峭。區內有(you)冶(ye)父山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),海(hai)拔(ba)375.4米(mi)(mi)(mi)。冶(ye)父山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)南有(you)東(dong)顧(gu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(286米(mi)(mi)(mi)),東(dong)南為(wei)(wei)獨(du)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(208米(mi)(mi)(mi)),東(dong)為(wei)(wei)二蛟子山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(219米(mi)(mi)(mi)),東(dong)北(bei)為(wei)(wei)龍池山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),再東(dong)北(bei)為(wei)(wei)夏(xia)礫山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、三山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(207米(mi)(mi)(mi))。
安徽冶父山國家森林公園所在的(de)廬(lu)江縣,屬亞熱帶季風氣(qi)候區。多(duo)年平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)溫為(wei)(wei)15.8℃,7月(yue)(yue)最(zui)高,為(wei)(wei)28.3℃,1月(yue)(yue)最(zui)低(di),為(wei)(wei)2.6℃;極(ji)端(duan)最(zui)高氣(qi)溫為(wei)(wei)41.3℃,極(ji)端(duan)最(zui)低(di)氣(qi)溫為(wei)(wei)-13.7℃。多(duo)年平(ping)均(jun)降水量為(wei)(wei)1188.1毫米。年日照(zhao)時(shi)(shi)數為(wei)(wei)2209.6小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi),多(duo)年平(ping)均(jun)日照(zhao)時(shi)(shi)數為(wei)(wei)2000小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)以(yi)上,8月(yue)(yue)最(zui)多(duo),為(wei)(wei)255.4小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi),2月(yue)(yue)最(zui)少,為(wei)(wei)133.4小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)。多(duo)年平(ping)均(jun)無霜期(qi)為(wei)(wei)238天。
在(zai)冶父山國家森林公園內(nei),北亞熱帶常綠闊葉林和落(luo)葉林混交共生(sheng),林木種類有木本植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)56科109屬174種,其中松樹(shu)占(zhan)(zhan)總(zong)面積65%,杉木占(zhan)(zhan)25%,果樹(shu)及(ji)(ji)其他(ta)樹(shu)種占(zhan)(zhan)10%。另(ling)外,棲鳳谷(gu)園內(nei)廣植(zhi)杜英、桂花、梔(zhi)子花、含(han)笑(xiao)、羅漢松、合歡、香樟(zhang)、廣玉蘭以及(ji)(ji)紅葉李(li)等植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)。
安徽冶父(fu)山國(guo)家森(sen)林公(gong)園(yuan)內有20多種珍稀野生動物。