伊寧縣現(xian)代(dai)農業(ye)科(ke)技示(shi)范園(yuan)位于(yu)薩地(di)克于(yu)孜(zi)鄉東部,占地(di)5323畝,包括核心(xin)(xin)區(qu)(qu)和產(chan)業(ye)區(qu)(qu)。核心(xin)(xin)區(qu)(qu)又分(fen)(fen)為現(xian)代(dai)設(she)施農業(ye)區(qu)(qu)和大田試驗(yan)區(qu)(qu)。4月(yue)29日,記者(zhe)(zhe)慕(mu)名走進了這(zhe)座充滿現(xian)代(dai)氣息的(de)(de)(de)園(yuan)區(qu)(qu)。在核心(xin)(xin)區(qu)(qu)設(she)施農業(ye)示(shi)范區(qu)(qu),一排排推筑(zhu)式雙(shuang)拱(gong)雙(shuang)膜溫(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)一字排開,遠(yuan)處田野里的(de)(de)(de)秧(yang)苗正在吐綠(lv)。進入(ru)(ru)右(you)側溫(wen)(wen)(wen)潤、明亮的(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)內,映入(ru)(ru)眼(yan)簾(lian)的(de)(de)(de)是排列整齊的(de)(de)(de)盆栽(zai)圣女(nv)果(guo),綠(lv)油油的(de)(de)(de)秧(yang)藤下(xia)掛滿了未成熟的(de)(de)(de)果(guo)實。左側溫(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)則是用(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)架(jia)搭建的(de)(de)(de)陰陽式雙(shuang)層膜拱(gong)形(xing)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi),其空間(jian)(jian)高(gao)達5米,不(bu)僅采光充足,而(er)且保溫(wen)(wen)(wen)節能。溫(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)內栽(zai)種著(zhu)十余種南方(fang)的(de)(de)(de)花卉和無土栽(zai)培的(de)(de)(de)芹菜。這(zhe)些扎根在塑料管(guan)液中的(de)(de)(de)芹菜生長得(de)翠綠(lv)茁壯(zhuang),一根15厘米粗的(de)(de)(de)塑料管(guan)上大約栽(zai)種了30余棵,分(fen)(fen)5層斜著(zhu)立在溫(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)墻(qiang)邊,形(xing)成立體栽(zai)培模式。園(yuan)區(qu)(qu)負責人趙振華告訴記者(zhe)(zhe):“這(zhe)是用(yong)(yong)配好的(de)(de)(de)植物(wu)營養(yang)液栽(zai)培的(de)(de)(de)蔬菜,是試驗(yan)性的(de)(de)(de),現(xian)在長得(de)很(hen)好,如果(guo)推廣得(de)好,可以節省溫(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)空間(jian)(jian)、提高(gao)利用(yong)(yong)率。”
進入推筑式雙拱雙膜(mo)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),綠色瓜(gua)秧(yang)下(xia)掛滿了即(ji)將采摘(zhai)的(de)(de)水(shui)果(guo)(guo)黃(huang)瓜(gua)。溫(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)進門處則是一(yi)座過(guo)濾殺(sha)菌(jun)水(shui)池,頂棚上吊著十余(yu)只紫外線殺(sha)蟲燈(deng)。有(you)兩位工(gong)作人(ren)員(yuan)正在采摘(zhai)成熟的(de)(de)水(shui)果(guo)(guo)黃(huang)瓜(gua)。記(ji)者(zhe)感受(shou)頗深(shen)的(de)(de)是:與其他普(pu)通溫(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)大(da)棚內混濁沉悶的(de)(de)空氣有(you)很大(da)不(bu)同,這(zhe)類溫(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)采用的(de)(de)是物理殺(sha)菌(jun)法,即(ji)通過(guo)紫外線物理殺(sha)蟲、硫黃(huang)熏蒸器,達(da)到了滅菌(jun)除蟲的(de)(de)效果(guo)(guo),根本不(bu)需要施(shi)用農藥,也聞不(bu)到任何(he)異味。據(ju)工(gong)作人(ren)員(yuan)介(jie)紹,這(zhe)種推筑式雙拱雙膜(mo)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),背陰(yin)處的(de)(de)墻體底部(bu)厚達(da)8米、中部(bu)6米,陽面塑料膜(mo)為雙層膜(mo),因儲溫(wen)(wen)(wen)性能(neng)好,無(wu)需人(ren)工(gong)增(zeng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)就可實現冬季(ji)蔬菜(cai)生產,其保溫(wen)(wen)(wen)節能(neng)性非常明(ming)顯,在伊(yi)犁河谷發(fa)展無(wu)公害蔬菜(cai),這(zhe)類溫(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)極(ji)有(you)推廣(guang)意義。
在核心(xin)區(qu)北(bei)面的林果(guo)科(ke)技(ji)示范園,則是一(yi)座(zuo)(zuo)造(zao)型(xing)(xing)如鳥(niao)巢的半球體溫室(shi)(shi)。這座(zuo)(zuo)造(zao)型(xing)(xing)獨特的全鋼架(jia)溫室(shi)(shi),采(cai)(cai)用鳥(niao)類(lei)筑巢式(shi)三角(jiao)(jiao)交叉法,參照蜂巢六角(jiao)(jiao)加固的形(xing)(xing)式(shi)建造(zao)而(er)成,被(bei)稱為“林果(guo)科(ke)技(ji)示范巢”,其(qi)(qi)直徑(jing)50.5米、高度16.8米,占(zhan)地(di)2000平方米,保溫系(xi)統使用雙層膜采(cai)(cai)光吸(xi)熱(re)。因采(cai)(cai)用三角(jiao)(jiao)架(jia)和半球體形(xing)(xing)式(shi),既能抗風抗壓又能提高空間利用率,是目前(qian)巨(ju)型(xing)(xing)溫室(shi)(shi)普遍采(cai)(cai)用的新技(ji)術。走進園內,記(ji)者首先(xian)看到(dao)(dao)的是一(yi)座(zuo)(zuo)塔形(xing)(xing)鋼架(jia)聳(song)立(li)在鳥(niao)巢中(zhong)心(xin),鋼架(jia)從(cong)下到(dao)(dao)上擺(bai)滿了各(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)果(guo)樹(shu)(shu)苗木,鋼架(jia)中(zhong)心(xin)的旋轉(zhuan)梯下有(you)一(yi)處清澈(che)的水(shui)池,四(si)周則是梯形(xing)(xing)架(jia)子,架(jia)子上擺(bai)放著上百種(zhong)(zhong)盆栽(zai)(zai)袋植(zhi)的樹(shu)(shu)種(zhong)(zhong),地(di)下則栽(zai)(zai)種(zhong)(zhong)著草(cao)莓。其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)盆栽(zai)(zai)的樹(shu)(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)許多是從(cong)其(qi)(qi)他(ta)省(sheng)區(qu)和國外引(yin)進的新、優、特樹(shu)(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)。如早熟黑桃、中(zhong)國糖桃、風味皇后李、美國蛇李等稀有(you)品種(zhong)(zhong)。據(ju)了解,這座(zuo)(zuo)示范巢每(mei)年(nian)可種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)培(pei)(pei)育2300盆各(ge)類(lei)樹(shu)(shu)種(zhong)(zhong),加上花(hua)卉能栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)4000盆。如立(li)體栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)草(cao)莓則能栽(zai)(zai)種(zhong)(zhong)4000株(zhu),產量(liang)能達到(dao)(dao)2噸(dun);如果(guo)培(pei)(pei)育盆景(jing)果(guo)樹(shu)(shu),至少可培(pei)(pei)育1000余株(zhu),可收入20余萬元。