發展由來
綜述
5000年(nian)以前(qian)的(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)古時期，有(you)(you)一支姓姜的(de)(de)部落生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)在(zai)這(zhe)里(li)的(de)(de)姜水(shui)一帶。部落首領(ling)－－直(zhi)至今(jin)天，在(zai)世界上(shang)(shang)好多(duo)的(de)(de)地(di)方(fang)，中(zhong)東、非洲、南(nan)美洲的(de)(de)雨林里(li)，都還有(you)(you)不(bu)少這(zhe)樣的(de)(de)大人物，喚作“酋長(chang)”－－叫(jiao)神農(nong)，身號(hao)炎(yan)帝。炎(yan)帝與(yu)其后續世系生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)在(zai)姬(ji)水(shui)一帶的(de)(de)鄰居(ju)黃帝，共為而今(jin)的(de)(de)洋洋大族(zu)中(zhong)華(hua)民族(zu)的(de)(de)始(shi)祖。寶(bao)雞(ji)也因是(shi)第一代(dai)炎(yan)帝的(de)(de)源(yuan)生(sheng)(sheng)地(di)，號(hao)稱“炎(yan)帝故里(li)”，當然，也是(shi)名(ming)副其實。史(shi)書(shu)載：（神農(nong)）母任姒(si)游常羊，感生(sheng)(sheng)帝……，在(zai)寶(bao)雞(ji)市南(nan)郊的(de)(de)常羊山上(shang)(shang)就(jiu)有(you)(you)一座(zuo)(zuo)炎(yan)帝陵，相傳炎(yan)帝死后葬(zang)于此地(di)。此外(wai)，市區(qu)中(zhong)心(xin)地(di)帶還有(you)(you)一座(zuo)(zuo)炎(yan)帝祠。
寶(bao)(bao)雞為姜炎(yan)(yan)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)祥地之一，是中(zhong)國文(wen)(wen)化(hua)、中(zhong)華文(wen)(wen)明(ming)、中(zhong)華民族(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)起源地之一。 在距今(jin)約5000年前，寶(bao)(bao)雞渭(wei)水流域的(de)(de)(de)姜水，生(sheng)息(xi)著一個古老的(de)(de)(de)氏族(zu)(zu)部落——姜炎(yan)(yan)族(zu)(zu)，誕生(sheng)了(le)一位偉大的(de)(de)(de)人物，中(zhong)華民族(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)人文(wen)(wen)始祖——炎(yan)(yan)帝。
《國語·晉語》載(zai)“炎帝以姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)成(cheng)”，我們(men)可(ke)以理(li)解為(wei)炎帝族最早活(huo)動的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)方在(zai)(zai)(zai)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)。古之姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，據《水(shui)(shui)(shui)經·渭水(shui)(shui)(shui)注》所載(zai)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)氏城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)南(nan)，即(ji)今(jin)岐(qi)(qi)山(shan)縣周原一(yi)(yi)帶，但(dan)(dan)不(bu)知道確(que)定地(di)(di)點。不(bu)過(guo)，據《大明一(yi)(yi)統(tong)志》：鳳(feng)(feng)翔(xiang)府寶(bao)(bao)雞(ji)(ji)縣南(nan)七里有姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)氏城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)南(nan)也有姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，此姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)氏城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)今(jin)名(ming)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)堡，往南(nan)即(ji)益門堡，堡西有一(yi)(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)名(ming)今(jin)仍名(ming)清姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)河(he)。古代傳(chuan)說(shuo)，本來難得考(kao)實。以上兩說(shuo)孰是(shi)孰非，不(bu)必過(guo)于拘(ju)泥。但(dan)(dan)總(zong)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)鳳(feng)(feng)翔(xiang)府地(di)(di)，即(ji)今(jin)寶(bao)(bao)雞(ji)(ji)市(shi)區(qu)之內。姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)堡為(wei)新石器遺址，1958年被列(lie)為(wei)陜(shan)西省重點文物(wu)保護單位。實際上，姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)炎族在(zai)(zai)(zai)寶(bao)(bao)雞(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)最早故(gu)居是(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)今(jin)清姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)河(he)流(liu)域。為(wei)了生(sheng)存和(he)發(fa)展，一(yi)(yi)部分遷(qian)居今(jin)岐(qi)(qi)山(shan)、扶(fu)風(feng)一(yi)(yi)帶，所以，在(zai)(zai)(zai)這里也出現了帶“姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)”的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)名(ming)和(he)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)名(ming)，即(ji)“姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)”和(he)“姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)氏城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”。有研(yan)究者(zhe)考(kao)證認為(wei)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)今(jin)寶(bao)(bao)雞(ji)(ji)市(shi)區(qu)渭河(he)和(he)清姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)河(he)的(de)(de)(de)交匯(hui)地(di)(di)帶，曾發(fa)現過(guo)多件劉家文化（姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)炎文化）的(de)(de)(de)典型器物(wu)——高領袋足鬲。據測定，這比在(zai)(zai)(zai)岐(qi)(qi)山(shan)、扶(fu)風(feng)境(jing)內發(fa)現的(de)(de)(de)同類器物(wu)要早。這說(shuo)明岐(qi)(qi)山(shan)、扶(fu)風(feng)境(jing)內出現的(de)(de)(de)劉家文化是(shi)寶(bao)(bao)雞(ji)(ji)市(shi)區(qu)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)炎族向東遷(qian)徙(xi)、推進(jin)的(de)(de)(de)結果(guo)。
正因(yin)為炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)誕(dan)生于(yu)今(jin)寶(bao)雞地區，所(suo)以(yi)(yi)，歷史傳說，早在(zai)黃(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)時(shi)代，寶(bao)雞地區就(jiu)開始(shi)了對炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)。《路史·后(hou)記(ji)(ji)》記(ji)(ji)載:“黃(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)所(suo)崇(chong)(chong)炎(yan)(yan)之祠于(yu)陳(chen)”。羅萍注(zhu)說：“黃(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)所(suo)崇(chong)(chong)疑在(zai)陳(chen)倉”。《史記(ji)(ji)·封禪書》記(ji)(ji)載：“秦靈公作吳陽上畤，祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)黃(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)；作下畤，祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)。”“吳陽”是指今(jin)寶(bao)雞市區北(bei)的(de)(de)吳山（今(jin)陳(chen)倉區境內(nei)）之東南面(mian)，即今(jin)鳳翔的(de)(de)“三畤原”。秦國開創(chuang)了以(yi)(yi)朝廷名義(yi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)、黃(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)先例。迄今(jin)為止，這是我們所(suo)能看到的(de)(de)最早的(de)(de)有關(guan)這方面(mian)內(nei)容的(de)(de)文獻記(ji)(ji)錄。自此以(yi)(yi)后(hou)，寶(bao)雞祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)相(xiang)沿成習、經久不(bu)衰。西漢(han)時(shi)期，漢(han)高祖劉邦自稱“赤（炎(yan)(yan)）帝(di)(di)(di)(di)之子”，設(she)“畤”祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)及黃(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)、青帝(di)(di)(di)(di)、白帝(di)(di)(di)(di)、黑帝(di)(di)(di)(di)。這種(zhong)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)俗一直延至漢(han)武帝(di)(di)(di)(di)。漢(han)武帝(di)(di)(di)(di)在(zai)位(wei)期間,曾多次到“雍(yong)”地設(she)“畤”祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)“五帝(di)(di)(di)(di)”。隋(sui)唐以(yi)(yi)降(jiang)，寶(bao)雞地區開始(shi)設(she)廟(miao)宇祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)和黃(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)。
隨(sui)著炎(yan)帝(di)部(bu)落不斷(duan)繁衍壯大，炎(yan)帝(di)部(bu)落沿渭河不斷(duan)向(xiang)東南(nan)方向(xiang)遷(qian)徙(xi)。炎(yan)帝(di)及其后續(xu)世系(xi)政(zheng)權(quan)又分為兩大支脈，一為炎(yan)帝(di)魁(kui)隗(wei)氏政(zheng)權(quan)，一為炎(yan)帝(di)神農(nong)氏政(zheng)權(quan)。
魁隗氏
炎帝魁隗氏發(fa)祥于秦嶺常羊山，興盛(sheng)于赤水（今(jin)貴州赤水市），建帝都于陳倉（今(jin)陜西(xi)寶雞市），傳(chuan)七帝而失政，被炎帝神農氏取而代之。
炎帝(di)魁隗氏政(zheng)權起于公元(yuan)前5008年(nian)(nian)，訖(qi)于公元(yuan)前4766年(nian)(nian)，歷六(liu)(liu)任(ren)帝(di)，傳(chuan)國(guo)虛記二百四十三年(nian)(nian)。這六(liu)(liu)任(ren)帝(di)是：
1、 魁隗(wei)，在位執政虛記(ji)五十八年（公元前(qian)5008——前(qian)4951年）。
2、 炎居，在位執政虛記三十四年（公元(yuan)前(qian)4951——前(qian)4918年）。
3、 節并，在位執政(zheng)虛記(ji)四十(shi)三年（公元前4918——前4876年）。
4、 戲器，在位執政虛記五十(shi)年（公元前(qian)4876——前(qian)4827年）。
5、 祝融，在位執(zhi)政虛(xu)記(ji)四十(shi)七年(nian)（公元前(qian)4827——前(qian)4781年(nian)）。
6、 共工，在(zai)位執政虛記十六年(nian)（公(gong)元前4781——前4766年(nian)）。
神農氏
部族首領(ling)稱炎(yan)帝，名石年(nian)，姜姓(xing)，羊圖(tu)騰。號神(shen)(shen)農氏(shi)(shi)，為神(shen)(shen)農氏(shi)(shi)族，始生地在姜水(shui)（今陜西省寶雞(ji)市境內），傳說在位(wei)140年(nian)（約(yue)公元前3216～前3077年(nian)），一說在位(wei)120年(nian)，卒葬于湖南省株洲市炎(yan)陵縣鹿原陂（又名炎(yan)陵山、皇山）。是農業和醫藥的發(fa)明者。其著(zhu)名后裔有蚩尤氏(shi)(shi)、烈（厲）山氏(shi)(shi)、共工氏(shi)(shi)、四岳氏(shi)(shi)等。
炎帝(di)神農氏政(zheng)權共傳八任帝(di)，傳國虛(xu)記二(er)百五(wu)十四年(nian)（前4766—前4513）。
首(shou)任帝、神農，在(zai)位執政虛(xu)記三(san)十四年（公元前4766——前4733年）。
二任(ren)帝、臨(lin)魁，在位執政虛記四十二年（公元前4733——前4692年）。
三任帝(di)、姜承，在位執(zhi)政虛記(ji)三十(shi)八年（公元前4692——前4655年）。
四任帝、姜明(ming)，在位執(zhi)政虛(xu)記(ji)二十(shi)八年(nian)(nian)（公元(yuan)前4655——前4628年(nian)(nian)）。
五任帝、姜宜，在位執政虛記四十(shi)七年（公(gong)元(yuan)前4628——前4582年）。
六任帝、姜來，在(zai)位執(zhi)政虛記二十年（公(gong)元前4582——前4563年）。
七任(ren)帝、姜(jiang)克，在位執政虛記二十五年（公元前(qian)4563——前(qian)4539年）。
八任(ren)帝(di)、榆(yu)罔，在位(wei)執(zhi)政虛(xu)記二(er)十七年（公元前4539——前4513年）。
蚩尤氏
炎(yan)(yan)帝之(zhi)后（一曰(yue)先仕(shi)于炎(yan)(yan)帝），出自羊水，仕(shi)于黃帝。為(wei)主金(jin)之(zhi)官，默觀神(shen)農世衰，潛(qian)鑄(zhu)金(jin)類(lei)，以為(wei)利器，舉兵(bing)(bing)逐榆罔（炎(yan)(yan)帝裔），自號炎(yan)(yan)帝。后作兵(bing)(bing)伐黃帝，并(bing)曾請風伯(bo)雨師助戰，終為(wei)黃帝擊敗于涿鹿之(zhi)野，被(bei)殺。他(ta)(ta)是(shi)戰神(shen)和兵(bing)(bing)器之(zhi)神(shen)，而(er)兵(bing)(bing)器的發明乃源(yuan)自農具(ju)和其他(ta)(ta)生產工(gong)具(ju)。
共工氏
亦(yi)名共(gong)攻(gong)氏，炎帝后裔。性格暴戾，易于為(wei)非。相(xiang)傳因與顓頊爭強(qiang)為(wei)帝，曾與東(dong)夷族大戰，不勝，而(er)怒(nu)觸不周(zhou)之(zhi)山(shan)，致使天傾地陷，造(zao)成人(ren)間大災難。
烈山氏
又叫厲山(shan)(shan)氏，其(qi)(qi)首(shou)領為(wei)(wei)烈(lie)山(shan)(shan)或(huo)柱(zhu)(zhu)。《國(guo)語(yu)·魯語(yu)上(shang)》云：“昔烈(lie)山(shan)(shan)氏之(zhi)有天下也(ye)，其(qi)(qi)子(zi)曰(yue)(yue)柱(zhu)(zhu)，能植(zhi)百(bai)谷百(bai)蔬。”《左傳(chuan)·昭(zhao)公二十九年》載：“有烈(lie)山(shan)(shan)氏之(zhi)子(zi)曰(yue)(yue)柱(zhu)(zhu)，為(wei)(wei)稷”。《禮記·祭法(fa)》則稱：“厲山(shan)(shan)氏之(zhi)有天下也(ye)，其(qi)(qi)子(zi)曰(yue)(yue)農，能植(zhi)百(bai)谷。”一般認為(wei)(wei)烈(lie)山(shan)(shan)氏為(wei)(wei)炎帝后裔，仍為(wei)(wei)農神(shen)、谷神(shen)。烈(lie)山(shan)(shan)，本是(shi)燒山(shan)(shan)墾田之(zhi)意。
四岳氏
首(shou)領為伯夷，姜姓(xing)，傳為共(gong)工之從孫，曾助禹(yu)平治水土。后(hou)(hou)繁衍出(chu)齊、呂、申(shen)、許(xu)四支后(hou)(hou)裔。
第二世，臨魁，炎帝長子，在位80年(nian)（公元(yuan)前(qian)3076～前(qian)2997年(nian)）。
第三世，帝承，在位60年（公元前2996～前2937年）。
第四世，帝明，在(zai)位49年（公元前2936一前2888年）。
第五世，帝直，在位45年(nian)（公元前(qian)2887一(yi)前(qian)2843年(nian)）。
第(di)六世，帝來(lai)（厘(li)），在(zai)位48年（公元前(qian)2842～前(qian)2795年）。
第七世，帝裹（哀），在位42年（公元前(qian)2794一前(qian)2753年）。
第(di)八世，榆罔，名(ming)克，居長（zhǎng），在位55年；因(yin)德(de)不及其弟軒轅(yuan)，故(gu)讓位。軒轅(yuan)即黃帝，姓有熊氏。
第九世，名(ming)器(qi)，榆罔子。
第十(shi)世，名祝融，器之子；卒葬(zang)衡山（在今湖南）。
第十(shi)一(yi)世，名術囂，祝融子。
第十二世，名勾龍，術囂子。
第(di)十(shi)三世，名垂，勾龍子。
第十四世，名共工。
第十五世，名伯夷，著名賢人，佐(zuo)堯帝掌四岳，佐(zuo)大禹治水，因(yin)功受(shou)封于(yu)呂，為呂侯(hou)，是呂氏得姓之始。姜太公呂尚(shang)，即其后。
后世紀念
炎帝故里
主詞條：炎帝(di)故里
因為炎(yan)帝神農（Yandi；Yan Emperor）并(bing)不(bu)單是一個，而是對這(zhe)一時期炎(yan)帝世(shi)系多個早(zao)期華夏族杰出部(bu)落首領的統稱，這(zhe)些(xie)人可能距今(jin)(jin)6000年至5500年之間活動(dong)于(yu)姜水之岸（今(jin)(jin)陜西省寶雞市(shi)境內(nei)），其后部(bu)落發展擴大，遷徙并(bing)活躍(yue)于(yu)湖北、湖南(nan)、山西等地(di)，均(jun)是炎(yan)帝故里。
炎帝陵
主詞條：炎帝陵
炎(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)又(you)號稱神(shen)農(nong)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)，神(shen)農(nong)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)族部落(luo)初始活躍地應(ying)在(zai)在(zai)姜(jiang)水，后(hou)(hou)以(yi)姜(jiang)水為活動中(zhong)心，向周邊地區擴(kuo)展(zhan)，因(yin)此在(zai)天臺山、常羊山、蒙峪(yu)溝、九龍泉、清姜(jiang)河、炎(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)陵、炎(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)祠(ci)多個(ge)地方構成了一條完整的炎(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)神(shen)農(nong)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)從出(chu)生(sheng)、死(si)后(hou)(hou)安葬的炎(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)鏈條。《國語》中(zhong)記載，大約在(zai)5000年前西秦大地上活動著一支母系氏(shi)(shi)(shi)族部落(luo)--有蚶氏(shi)(shi)(shi)，傳說后(hou)(hou)產生(sheng)雙胞族炎(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)和黃帝(di)(di)(di)，黃帝(di)(di)(di)部落(luo)最初生(sheng)活在(zai)渭河下游，后(hou)(hou)遷移至中(zhong)原(yuan)地區。炎(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)部落(luo)生(sheng)活在(zai)寶雞一帶，以(yi)經(jing)營農(nong)業著名。在(zai)寶雞已發(fa)現關桃園遺(yi)址(zhi)（8000年前）、北首嶺遺(yi)址(zhi)（7100年前）、姜(jiang)城堡遺(yi)址(zhi)等(deng)古(gu)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)遺(yi)址(zhi)40多處。眾多的古(gu)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)遺(yi)址(zhi)，反映(ying)了炎(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)部落(luo)繁衍生(sheng)息，發(fa)展(zhan)狀大的過(guo)程。
炎(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)以寶雞為中(zhong)心，沿渭河(he)向四(si)周擴展(zhan)，向西發(fa)展(zhan)到(dao)中(zhong)原(yuan)大地(di)(di)，此(ci)處土(tu)地(di)(di)平坦肥(fei)沃，氣候濕潤(run)，原(yuan)始農(nong)業得到(dao)長(chang)遠的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)。部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)開(kai)始定居(ju)，開(kai)始建都陳，再遷(qian)往(wang)魯。建都曲阜，后(hou)來炎(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)與南方的(de)蚩尤發(fa)生戰爭(zheng)，求助于(yu)黃帝(di)部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)在涿鹿大敗蚩尤。以后(hou)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)黃兩部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)聯盟(meng)形成了華夏(xia)民族的(de)主體。后(hou)來，炎(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)一(yi)部(bu)(bu)分南遷(qian)，足跡兩湖。一(yi)部(bu)(bu)分仍留于(yu)黃河(he)流域(yu)融(rong)合于(yu)其(qi)他氏族部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)之中(zhong)，仍奉炎(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)為祖。
炎帝神農故里
這反映(ying)了神(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)部(bu)落(luo)是不斷發展壯(zhuang)大的(de)(de)，其中以寶(bao)(bao)雞的(de)(de)炎(yan)(yan)帝陵為第一代(dai)炎(yan)(yan)帝的(de)(de)陵墓。寶(bao)(bao)雞是早期華夏部(bu)落(luo)聯盟主干——炎(yan)(yan)帝部(bu)落(luo)（華族）的(de)(de)發祥地(di)(di)。第一代(dai)炎(yan)(yan)帝生于常羊(yang)山蒙峪溝，長于姜(jiang)水，是農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)之(zhi)神(shen)，醫藥之(zhi)圣，因以火德王，故名炎(yan)(yan)帝，號神(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)氏。《白虎通義》中記(ji)載，古(gu)之(zhi)人民(min)(min)皆(jie)食禽獸肉，至(zhi)于神(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)，人民(min)(min)眾多，禽獸不足，于是神(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)因天之(zhi)時，分地(di)(di)之(zhi)利，制耒(lei)耜，教(jiao)民(min)(min)農(nong)(nong)(nong)作，神(shen)而化之(zhi)，使(shi)民(min)(min)宜(yi)之(zhi)，故謂之(zhi)神(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)。一代(dai)、二代(dai)炎(yan)(yan)帝均生活于陜西寶(bao)(bao)雞姜(jiang)水之(zhi)岸，其后，炎(yan)(yan)帝部(bu)落(luo)壯(zhuang)大輻射到其他地(di)(di)區(qu)，后代(dai)炎(yan)(yan)帝活躍(yue)于湖(hu)(hu)南株洲炎(yan)(yan)陵縣、湖(hu)(hu)北隨(sui)州、山西高(gao)平等地(di)(di)，使(shi)這些地(di)(di)方都留下(xia)炎(yan)(yan)帝陵。
陵祠
炎(yan)(yan)帝陵和炎(yan)(yan)帝祠位于寶雞市渭濱區神農鎮(zhen)境內常(chang)羊山上。是(shi)神農炎(yan)(yan)帝的(de)陵寢，為炎(yan)(yan)黃子(zi)孫拜祖祭(ji)祀的(de)主要場所。
中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)民族是(shi)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)黃(huang)貴胄，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)是(shi)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)黃(huang)子孫(sun)。神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)氏族始(shi)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)始(shi)生(sheng)地(di)(di)在(zai)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，軒轅氏族始(shi)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)黃(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)始(shi)生(sheng)地(di)(di)在(zai)姬水(shui)(shui)(shui)，早在(zai)2700多年前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)春(chun)秋時(shi)代就(jiu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)定(ding)論。《國(guo)(guo)語(yu)(yu)·晉語(yu)(yu)》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)記(ji)載(zai)：“黃(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)以(yi)(yi)姬水(shui)(shui)(shui)成(cheng)，炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)以(yi)(yi)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)成(cheng)。”姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)在(zai)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雞(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)，這(zhe)在(zai)1500多年前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)北(bei)魏時(shi)代，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)地(di)(di)理學家(jia)酈道元就(jiu)明確地(di)(di)寫人(ren)(ren)《水(shui)(shui)(shui)經注》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。明代天順五年《一(yi)統志(zhi)》記(ji)載(zai)：“姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)在(zai)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雞(ji)(ji)(ji)縣南(nan)(nan)。”即今(jin)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雞(ji)(ji)(ji)市(shi)(shi)區(qu)(qu)(qu)渭河(he)(he)(he)南(nan)(nan)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)邊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)氏城(cheng)(cheng)。寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雞(ji)(ji)(ji)市(shi)(shi)區(qu)(qu)(qu)渭河(he)(he)(he)南(nan)(nan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)浴圣(sheng)九(jiu)(jiu)龍(long)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)，泉(quan)(quan)(quan)上(shang)(shang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)唐建(jian)(jian)(jian)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)祠，祠南(nan)(nan)蒙(meng)(meng)峪(yu)口有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)常(chang)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)，常(chang)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)，均在(zai)（寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雞(ji)(ji)(ji)市(shi)(shi)）渭濱(bin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)鎮境內，都是(shi)眾民百(bai)姓祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)先(xian)(xian)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)場所(suo)。炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)主要游(you)覽(lan)(lan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)：神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)門(men)、羊(yang)(yang)(yang)腳亭(ting)、炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)大(da)(da)門(men)、炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)行(xing)宮、羊(yang)(yang)(yang)首(shou)亭(ting)、“神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)城(cheng)(cheng)池”、“華(hua)(hua)夏始(shi)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)”牌坊、祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)壇廣場、炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)大(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)塑像、大(da)(da)型(xing)彩(cai)繪、墓前(qian)石階(jie)、陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)墓等(deng)。寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雞(ji)(ji)(ji)民間春(chun)節正月(yue)11日(ri)集會九(jiu)(jiu)龍(long)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)誕(dan)辰；每年7月(yue)7日(ri)集會天臺(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)奠(dian)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)死葬(zang)。這(zhe)幾年來(lai)，海內外(wai)同(tong)胞多次成(cheng)批來(lai)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雞(ji)(ji)(ji)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)流域姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)城(cheng)(cheng)堡、九(jiu)(jiu)龍(long)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)、天臺(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)尋(xun)根拜(bai)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)，但祠毀陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)圮失修(xiu)。作(zuo)為(wei)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)故(gu)鄉的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)黃(huang)子孫(sun)——寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雞(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)深(shen)感內疚。為(wei)此渭濱(bin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)鎮政(zheng)府(fu)先(xian)(xian)后邀請專家(jia)學者與研究寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雞(ji)(ji)(ji)方志(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)志(zhi)，進(jin)行(xing)實(shi)地(di)(di)考察，結合史(shi)志(zhi)文獻記(ji)載(zai)論證．市(shi)(shi)政(zheng)府(fu)、政(zheng)協以(yi)(yi)及(ji)地(di)(di)處(chu)蒙(meng)(meng)峪(yu)溝(gou)口常(chang)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雞(ji)(ji)(ji)橋(qiao)梁(liang)(liang)廠領導(dao)，決(jue)心在(zai)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)氏族始(shi)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出生(sheng)、創(chuang)業(ye)與喪(sang)葬(zang)之(zhi)處(chu)重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)祠和(he)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)，為(wei)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)黃(huang)子孫(sun)拜(bai)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)謁(ye)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)奠(dian)先(xian)(xian) 祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)修(xiu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)場所(suo)。弘(hong)揚民族文化(hua)，功(gong)垂中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)歷史(shi)。炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)劃分(fen)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)前(qian)區(qu)(qu)(qu)、祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)、墓冢三(san)(san)個(ge)部分(fen)。陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)前(qian)區(qu)(qu)(qu)：姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)城(cheng)(cheng)堡處(chu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)式(shi)重(zhong)(zhong)檐(yan)牌坊，上(shang)(shang)書(shu)：“炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)故(gu)里(li)”四(si)(si)字。堡東(dong)“浴圣(sheng)九(jiu)(jiu)龍(long)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)”上(shang)(shang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)沐浴殿(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)九(jiu)(jiu)龍(long)亭(ting)。清(qing)(qing)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)路(lu)北(bei)段十(shi)字路(lu)口有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)座石質華(hua)(hua)表牌坊，上(shang)(shang)書(shu)“神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)之(zhi)鄉”四(si)(si)字。清(qing)(qing)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)路(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)段十(shi)字路(lu)口又有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)座古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)式(shi)牌坊，上(shang)(shang)書(shu)“人(ren)(ren)杰地(di)(di)靈”四(si)(si)字。寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雞(ji)(ji)(ji)橋(qiao)梁(liang)(liang)廠門(men)前(qian)天臺(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)入口處(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蒙(meng)(meng)峪(yu)，坐東(dong)面西(xi)(xi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)座跨路(lu)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑“神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)門(men)”牌坊。過神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)門(men)經橋(qiao)梁(liang)(liang)廠家(jia)屬區(qu)(qu)(qu)，向(xiang)南(nan)(nan)即為(wei)常(chang)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)盤(pan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)公路(lu)直(zhi)(zhi)達陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)；另有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)直(zhi)(zhi)登陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石階(jie)。祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)區(qu)(qu)(qu)：“炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)”所(suo)在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)常(chang)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)，距寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雞(ji)(ji)(ji)市(shi)(shi)南(nan)(nan)約5公里(li)。進(jin)入山(shan)(shan)(shan)門(men)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)百(bai)米臺(tai)(tai)階(jie)，謁(ye)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)人(ren)(ren)可拾級(ji)登陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)臺(tai)(tai)，陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)臺(tai)(tai)處(chu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)牌坊、山(shan)(shan)(shan)門(men)。門(men)外(wai)豎立著(zhu)一(yi)塊石碑(bei)，上(shang)(shang)刻“常(chang)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)”三(san)(san)個(ge)大(da)(da)字，是(shi)西(xi)(xi)安(an)著(zhu)名書(shu)法家(jia)吳三(san)(san)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)手跡。常(chang)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)風光宜人(ren)(ren)，溝(gou)底終(zhong)年流淌(tang)著(zhu)清(qing)(qing)冽的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)小溪，也流淌(tang)著(zhu)永(yong)遠訴說(shuo)不完的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)美(mei)麗(li)傳(chuan)說(shuo)，炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)就(jiu)誕(dan)生(sheng)在(zai)這(zhe)塊美(mei)麗(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)土地(di)(di)上(shang)(shang)。步(bu)入炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)廟的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)門(men)，左(zuo)廂房里(li)展(zhan)出著(zhu)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)平及(ji)傳(chuan)說(shuo)故(gu)事，右廂房的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)墻壁(bi)上(shang)(shang)懸掛著(zhu)各(ge)界人(ren)(ren)士的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)題(ti)詞(ci)。東(dong)西(xi)(xi)兩側(ce)設有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)展(zhan)覽(lan)(lan)館(guan)和(he)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥史(shi)展(zhan)覽(lan)(lan)館(guan)。修(xiu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)及(ji)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)奠(dian)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)活(huo)動的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)動場面可以(yi)(yi)通(tong)過電視錄相展(zhan)示(shi)在(zai)人(ren)(ren)們眼前(qian)。院(yuan)子的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正面是(shi)大(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)，殿(dian)(dian)(dian)前(qian)是(shi)可容納千(qian)人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)廣場。大(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)面5間，左(zuo)右兩邊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)紅(hong)柱子上(shang)(shang)是(shi)西(xi)(xi)安(an)著(zhu)名書(shu)法家(jia)茹桂書(shu)寫的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對聯：“創(chuang)始(shi)定(ding)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)人(ren)(ren)千(qian)載(zai)岐(qi)黃(huang)崇(chong)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)”，“流傳(chuan)安(an)無據八(ba)方稼穡念(nian)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)”。正面門(men)額上(shang)(shang)是(shi)“炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)大(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)”四(si)(si)個(ge)大(da)(da)字。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)堂(tang)正中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央是(shi)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)型(xing)塑像，殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內燈火(huo)輝煌，香(xiang)火(huo)不斷，宏亮(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鐘(zhong)聲悠(you)揚 悅(yue)耳(er)，回蕩整個(ge)山(shan)(shan)(shan)谷(gu)…… 祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)內還修(xiu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)圣(sheng)母宮和(he)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)閣。西(xi)(xi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)腰有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)百(bai)草堂(tang)、藥王洞建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑，既是(shi)研究中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)場所(suo)，又可以(yi)(yi)為(wei)群眾看病。陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)墓區(qu)(qu)(qu)：穿過殿(dian)(dian)(dian)堂(tang)往南(nan)(nan)，便(bian)是(shi)一(yi)條筆直(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)往后山(shan)(shan)(shan)頂的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)小道。炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)就(jiu)在(zai)這(zhe)后山(shan)(shan)(shan)頂上(shang)(shang)。人(ren)(ren)們迫不及(ji)待(dai)地(di)(di)登上(shang)(shang)陡(dou)峭的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、層層相疊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)臺(tai)(tai)階(jie)，直(zhi)(zhi)至登上(shang)(shang)第999個(ge)臺(tai)(tai)階(jie)，才算終(zhong)于(yu)到達常(chang)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)峰頂。這(zhe)是(shi)個(ge)龐(pang)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圓形陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)墓，墓冢周圍用(yong)青(qing)石砌(qi)筑，墓碑(bei)上(shang)(shang)刻有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)“炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)”四(si)(si)字。四(si)(si)周松柏成(cheng)林(lin)。墓前(qian)通(tong)道兩邊為(wei)歷代帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)王塑像，陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)冢后為(wei)頌揚炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)功(gong)德的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)詩(shi)詞(ci)、楹聯和(he)繪畫作(zuo)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)碑(bei)林(lin)。陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)墓東(dong)連天臺(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)風景名勝區(qu)(qu)(qu)，北(bei)隔蒙(meng)(meng)峪(yu)河(he)(he)(he)與諸葛(ge)山(shan)(shan)(shan)相望，南(nan)(nan)邊松柏成(cheng)林(lin)，越(yue)林(lin)梢可遠眺高聳人(ren)(ren)云的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)秦嶺大(da)(da)散關(guan)，向(xiang)西(xi)(xi)俯(fu)視清(qing)(qing)波滾滾的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)縈繞(rao)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)氏城(cheng)(cheng)北(bei)流人(ren)(ren)渭河(he)(he)(he)。陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)墓整體(ti)以(yi)(yi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)取勢(shi)，古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)群，三(san)(san)面凌空，給人(ren)(ren)以(yi)(yi)雄偉、神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)圣(sheng)、肅穆、古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)雅(ya)、幽靜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)感覺。“國(guo)(guo)之(zhi)大(da)(da)事，在(zai)祀(si)(si)與戒。”“蓋古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)圣(sheng)之(zhi)功(gong)德，惟帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)最大(da)(da)。故(gu)后世之(zhi)報享，帷帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)最隆。”作(zuo)為(wei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)、醫藥和(he)市(shi)(shi)場的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)創(chuang)始(shi)者，炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)氏在(zai)歷代祀(si)(si)典(dian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，一(yi)直(zhi)(zhi)居(ju)于(yu)崇(chong)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)位(wei)。海外(wai)僑胞、港(gang)澳(ao)同(tong)胞和(he)大(da)(da)陸各(ge)界人(ren)(ren)士紛紛來(lai)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)拜(bai)謁(ye)。這(zhe)里(li)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)江(jiang)(jiang)澤民、李鵬、趙樸初、周培源、周谷(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)、楊(yang)靜仁、張(zhang)愛萍、王首(shou)道、錢(qian)偉長、江(jiang)(jiang)華(hua)(hua)、王任重(zhong)(zhong)、耿飚、張(zhang)平化(hua)、嚴(yan)濟慈、蕭克、羅青(qing)長、屈武(wu)等(deng)人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)題(ti)字、題(ti)詞(ci)，也有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)社會各(ge)界人(ren)(ren)士留下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)墨寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。
行宮
炎(yan)帝(di)行宮(gong)是一處重(zhong)要的(de)炎(yan)帝(di)遺存，位于山西省高(gao)平(ping)市東北14.5公里(li)的(de)故關(guan)村(cun)。
該宮建(jian)于(yu)村中偏南，創建(jian)年代(dai)不詳，至遲在明代(dai)已有。坐北面南，單進院。現有正殿(dian)(dian)、午臺、圣賢殿(dian)(dian)等(deng)。正殿(dian)(dian)三間，進深六椽(chuan)，前(qian)殿(dian)(dian)懸山頂。院內現存，明、清碑四通。
據明成化(hua)十一年(nian)(nian)（1475年(nian)(nian)）“重(zhong)修炎帝行宮(gong)碑”記載：“神農(nong)炎帝行宮(gong)磐基在故關里村前，肇基太古，無文考驗，祠在換(huan)馬村東南，現(xian)存墳冢(zhong)，木欄繞護，然祠與宮(gong)相去幾百余步也。”
歷史遺址
在寶雞市(shi)姜(jiang)城堡地區(qu)發(fa)現(xian)的(de)(de)姜(jiang)氏城遺址(zhi)(zhi)，面積大(da)約(yue)有49萬平(ping)方(fang)米。遺址(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)最大(da)的(de)(de)房(fang)(fang)子長10.7 米，寬10.5米，面積約(yue)124平(ping)方(fang)米，而北(bei)首(shou)嶺(ling)遺址(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)最大(da)的(de)(de)房(fang)(fang)子面積僅88平(ping)方(fang)米，出土的(de)(de)生(sheng)產工(gong)具和(he)陶器(qi)與北(bei)首(shou)嶺(ling)的(de)(de)相似，并且相對先(xian)進(jin)。由(you)此可見，姜(jiang)城堡遺址(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)期是(shi)(shi)北(bei)首(shou)嶺(ling)氏族(zu)部落(luo)的(de)(de)繁榮和(he)發(fa)展時(shi)期，這正是(shi)(shi)母系(xi)氏族(zu)公(gong)社向父氏族(zu)公(gong)社的(de)(de)過渡時(shi)期，與傳說(shuo)中(zhong)的(de)(de)炎帝時(shi)相吻合。發(fa)現(xian)古(gu)文(wen)化遺址(zhi)(zhi)40多處(chu)。眾多的(de)(de)古(gu)文(wen)化遺址(zhi)(zhi)，反映(ying)了炎帝部落(luo)繁衍生(sheng)息(xi)，發(fa)展狀大(da)的(de)(de)過程。
故事傳說
寶雞是炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)的發(fa)(fa)祥地(di)。炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)生于寶雞天(tian)臺山的蒙峪溝，長于姜水(shui)，是農(nong)(nong)業(ye)之(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)，醫藥之(zhi)(zhi)圣，因(yin)以(yi)火德王，故名炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)，號(hao)神(shen)農(nong)(nong)氏。 《白虎通號(hao)》中記載，古之(zhi)(zhi)人民皆食(shi)禽(qin)獸肉，至于神(shen)農(nong)(nong)，人民眾多(duo)，禽(qin)獸不足，于是神(shen)農(nong)(nong)因(yin)天(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)時，分地(di)之(zhi)(zhi)利，制(zhi)耒耜(si)，教民農(nong)(nong)作，神(shen)而化(hua)之(zhi)(zhi)，使民宜(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)，故謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)農(nong)(nong)。炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)以(yi)寶雞為中心，沿渭河向(xiang)四周擴展(zhan)(zhan)，向(xiang)西發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)到中原(yuan)大地(di)，此處土地(di)平(ping)坦肥沃，氣候濕潤，原(yuan)始農(nong)(nong)業(ye)得到長遠的發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)開(kai)(kai)始定居(ju)，開(kai)(kai)始建都陳，再遷往魯(lu)，建都曲阜，后來炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)與南(nan)方的蚩(chi)(chi)尤發(fa)(fa)生戰爭，求助于黃帝(di)(di)部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)在涿(zhuo)鹿大敗蚩(chi)(chi)尤。以(yi)后炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)黃兩(liang)部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)聯盟(meng)形(xing)成了華夏(xia)民族的主體。后來，炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)一部(bu)(bu)分南(nan)遷，足跡兩(liang)湖(hu)，一部(bu)(bu)分仍留于黃河流域融(rong)合于其(qi)他氏族部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)之(zhi)(zhi)中，仍奉炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)為祖。
主要景點
綜述
炎帝陵分(fen)為(wei)陵前(qian)區、祭祀區、墓(mu)冢(zhong)區3部(bu)分(fen)。
陵前區
陵前區從姜城堡(bao)地區至天臺山(shan)入口的蒙峪建有多處(chu)古式牌坊，上書"炎帝故(gu)里"、"神農(nong)之(zhi)鄉"、"神農(nong)門(men)"、"人(ren)杰(jie)地靈"等。
祭祀區
進入山(shan)(shan)門，即進入祭祀區，沿百米臺階而上，來到陵臺，陵臺處為山(shan)(shan)門，門外(wai)豎立一塊石(shi)碑，上刻"常羊山(shan)(shan)"三個(ge)大字(zi)，為著名書法(fa)家吳三大的(de)手跡。
登上山(shan)頂，便(bian)到了仰首亭，亭內和(he)亭旁各有一塊清(qing)代碑石，碑上刻有"常養育炎"和(he)"山(shan)海鎮 "，其中后者為清(qing)嘉慶三年重(zhong)修城池的遺石。
炎帝廟
炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)廟，大殿(dian)面闊5間，左右兩(liang)邊的(de)對聯為(wei)書法家茹桂所書"創始定有(you)人千(qian)載(zai)歧黃崇炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)，流傳安天據八方稼(jia)穡念神農"，表達了對炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)的(de)崇敬(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)情。殿(dian)前為(wei)祭祀(si)(si)廣(guang)場，可(ke)容納千(qian)人祭祀(si)(si)。廣(guang)場兩(liang)側(ce)分(fen)別建(jian)有(you)鼓亭和鐘亭。正殿(dian)面積(ji)400平方米，高12米，為(wei)清式廡殿(dian)。殿(dian)堂正中(zhong)為(wei)炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)座像，像高4.5米，目(mu)光(guang)炯(jiong)炯(jiong)，莊重慈祥。殿(dian)內兩(liang)側(ce)壁(bi)上分(fen)別繪(hui)有(you)有(you)關炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)的(de)大型(xing)壁(bi)畫，分(fen)別為(wei)常羊(yang)育炎(yan)(yan)、浴圣九(jiu)龍、農業之(zhi)(zhi)神、太陽之(zhi)(zhi)神、醫藥之(zhi)(zhi)神、炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)結盟，講(jiang)述了炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)的(de)生平和功績。
穿過祭(ji)祀區，便進入墓冢區。沿著(zhu)(zhu)長長的陵道(dao)拾級而上，兩(liang)邊塑立著(zhu)(zhu)百代(dai)帝王(wang)(wang)石像，總(zong)共(gong)16位，依歷史順序依次排列為(wei)：堯、舜(shun)、禹、啟、夏桀、成(cheng)湯、盤庚(geng)、紂王(wang)(wang)、周(zhou)文王(wang)(wang)、周(zhou)武王(wang)(wang)、周(zhou)幽王(wang)(wang)、周(zhou)平王(wang)(wang)、鄭莊公(gong)、齊桓公(gong)、秦穆公(gong)、宋襄公(gong)等。
沿著陵(ling)的(de)道一直(zhi)向上，便來(lai)到了氣勢(shi)雄渾(hun)、莊(zhuang)嚴(yan)肅穆的(de)炎(yan)帝陵(ling)前。這里就(jiu)是炎(yan)黃(huang)子(zi)孫拜謁先祖的(de)圣地。"炎(yan)帝陵(ling)"三字飄逸灑(sa)脫，為全國書協名譽(yu)主席啟功所題。
每年農(nong)歷7月7日(ri)及(ji)清明節(jie)的炎帝(di)(di)祭(ji)日(ri)，海內外各界民(min)眾(zhong)聚于炎帝(di)(di)陵(ling)及(ji)炎帝(di)(di)祠進行盛大的公祭(ji)儀式，共(gong)同拜祭(ji)人文初祖--炎帝(di)(di)。
地理位置
炎帝陵，位于陜西(xi)省寶(bao)雞市渭濱區(qu)神農(nong)鎮境(jing)內的常羊山之上。
珍惜時光 
