宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(yǔ wén)為復姓,炎(yan)帝神農氏(shi)后裔(yi)。主(zhu)要來源中國遼(liao)東,為南單(dan)于(yu)之后。魏(wei)晉(jin)時,北方鮮卑族宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)氏(shi)部(bu)落,自稱(cheng)(cheng)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)姓。東晉(jin)時,宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)氏(shi)進駐中原,稱(cheng)(cheng)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)國,以(yi)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)為姓,稱(cheng)(cheng)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)氏(shi)。
宇(yu)文(wen)姓早期(qi)活動(dong)在西北(bei)地區(qu),南(nan)北(bei)朝時期(qi)逐(zhu)步南(nan)下內遷(qian)。唐代時,他們入地為籍,遍(bian)及中(zhong)原各(ge)地。宋后宇(yu)文(wen)氏已(yi)不(bu)常見。如今在河北(bei)、陜(shan)西、山西、北(bei)京、浙(zhe)江、四川、臺灣等地有(you)少量分布。宇(yu)文(wen)姓人(ren)口排名(ming)第551位,人(ren)口約2.1萬人(ren)。
來自(zi)(zi)匈(xiong)奴族,出自(zi)(zi)魏、晉時期遼(liao)東匈(xiong)奴南單于之后(hou),屬于漢化改姓(xing)為氏。
魏、晉兩朝時期(qi),北方(fang)鮮卑民族中有一(yi)(yi)宇(yu)文氏(shi)(shi)部落,原來(lai)是(shi)漢朝時期(qi)南匈奴的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)個分支,在東漢晚期(qi)至三國初期(qi)形成一(yi)(yi)個部落群體,族人自稱(cheng)是(shi)炎(yan)帝神(shen)農氏(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)后(hou)裔。歷(li)史(shi)上記載宇(yu)文部最早起源(yuan)的(de)(de)是(shi)史(shi)籍(ji)《周(zhou)書》,其中稱(cheng)宇(yu)文部源(yuan)自神(shen)農氏(shi)(shi),因此(ci)應當來(lai)源(yuan)姜姓。
中(zhong)國的(de)(de)(de)(de)史學界一(yi)般認為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei),宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)公(gong)元(yuan)1世(shi)紀(ji)時(shi)北(bei)匈(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)(nu)被東(dong)漢(han)(han)擊走西(xi)遷(qian)(qian)后(hou)(hou),留(liu)(liu)在(zai)(zai)故(gu)地漠北(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)眾東(dong)遷(qian)(qian)與鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)族人(ren)混居以后(hou)(hou)被同化的(de)(de)(de)(de)族群,在(zai)(zai)這段期間該部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)曾參加鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)首領檀石(shi)槐的(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)聯盟(meng),首領成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)東(dong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)大(da)(da)人(ren)。因此(ci),宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)源(yuan)自匈(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)(nu)而后(hou)(hou)揉(rou)合了鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)血統的(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)族。據史籍(ji)《后(hou)(hou)漢(han)(han)書》記(ji)載,東(dong)漢(han)(han)和(he)帝(di)(di)年間,當時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)將軍(jun)竇憲派右校尉耿(geng)夔擊破(po)北(bei)匈(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)(nu),“鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)因此(ci)轉徙據其地。匈(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)(nu)余種留(liu)(liu)者尚有十(shi)余萬落(luo),皆(jie)自號(hao)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)。”在(zai)(zai)史籍(ji)《魏(wei)書》中(zhong)也認為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)“匈(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)(nu)種,出(chu)(chu)于(yu)遼東(dong)塞外,其先南(nan)(nan)(nan)單于(yu)遠屬(shu)(shu)也,世(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)東(dong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)大(da)(da)人(ren)。其語與鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)頗異。”按(an)史書的(de)(de)(de)(de)記(ji)載:宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)氏部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)首領的(de)(de)(de)(de)祖(zu)先叫葛(ge)烏(wu)菟,其先出(chu)(chu)自炎帝(di)(di)神農氏,為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)黃帝(di)(di)所滅(mie),子(zi)(zi)孫遁居朔(shuo)野(ye)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)匈(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)(nu)苗(miao)裔(yi),實際上就是(shi)(shi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)匈(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)(nu)某個單于(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)庶支(zhi)后(hou)(hou)裔(yi)。葛(ge)烏(wu)菟是(shi)(shi)公(gong)元(yuan)一(yi)世(shi)紀(ji)人(ren),原居陰山,是(shi)(shi)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)始祖(zu),東(dong)漢(han)(han)后(hou)(hou)期起(qi)其后(hou)(hou)裔(yi)子(zi)(zi)孫世(shi)襲(xi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)東(dong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)大(da)(da)人(ren)。在(zai)(zai)史籍(ji)《周(zhou)書·文(wen)(wen)帝(di)(di)紀(ji)》中(zhong)記(ji)載:“葛(ge)烏(wu)菟雄武多算(suan)略,鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)慕之(zhi),奉以為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主,遂為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)十(shi)二部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo),世(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)人(ren)。”葛(ge)烏(wu)菟之(zhi)后(hou)(hou)曰普回,普回有子(zi)(zi)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)莫那(nei),約在(zai)(zai)公(gong)元(yuan)一(yi)世(shi)紀(ji)北(bei)匈(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)(nu)西(xi)遷(qian)(qian)時(shi),宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)莫那(nei)則自陰山率領下屬(shu)(shu)十(shi)二部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)南(nan)(nan)(nan)下遷(qian)(qian)至遼西(xi)地區,之(zhi)后(hou)(hou)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)莫那(nei)從附屬(shu)(shu)匈(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)(nu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)關系中(zhong)脫離獨立,號(hao)稱“鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)俟汾(fen)氏”。“俟汾(fen)”是(shi)(shi)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)族語“天(tian)(tian)(tian)王(wang)”之(zhi)意(yi)。俟汾(fen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)日漸強(qiang)盛后(hou)(hou),宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)莫那(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)慕僚(liao)建議改“天(tian)(tian)(tian)王(wang)”為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)姓,但為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)忌諱晉室,換“天(tian)(tian)(tian)王(wang)”為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)”,當時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)十(shi)二部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)中(zhong)已經(jing)蘊涵了后(hou)(hou)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)庫(ku)莫奚(xi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)和(he)契丹(dan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)。宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)莫那(nei)則被后(hou)(hou)來(lai)南(nan)(nan)(nan)北(bei)朝時(shi)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)北(bei)周(zhou)政權尊(zun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)獻侯,并奉為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)北(bei)周(zhou)皇(huang)室的(de)(de)(de)(de)始祖(zu)。
按(an)史籍《周書(shu)》的(de)(de)(de)記(ji)載(zai):葛烏菟(tu)的(de)(de)(de)后(hou)代普回(hui)襲任大人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)職后(hou),他在(zai)(zai)打獵時在(zai)(zai)河(he)邊拾到一(yi)顆玉璽,上(shang)刻“皇帝(di)璽”三(san)字,大喜之(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)自(zi)以(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)是(shi)天授(shou)神(shen)權,當地(di)人(ren)呼(hu)天為(wei)(wei)(wei)“宇(yu)(yu)(yu)”,呼(hu)君為(wei)(wei)(wei)“文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)”,“宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)”意即“天子”。于是(shi),這(zhe)位普回(hui)大人(ren)便自(zi)己(ji)號(hao)稱(cheng)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)氏,而(er)(er)自(zi)己(ji)的(de)(de)(de)部落就叫作宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部。當然,后(hou)世史學家認為(wei)(wei)(wei)這(zhe)純粹是(shi)牽強附會之(zhi)(zhi)說。到了東(dong)(dong)晉(jin)(jin)(jin)時期,宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部進(jin)據(ju)中(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan),號(hao)稱(cheng)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)國(guo)(guo)。宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫那之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)有(you)(you)數(shu)(shu)(shu)代首(shou)(shou)領(ling)(ling)在(zai)(zai)史書(shu)中(zhong)(zhong)沒有(you)(you)任何記(ji)載(zai),一(yi)直到西晉(jin)(jin)(jin)時期以(yi)后(hou)才有(you)(you)記(ji)事。在(zai)(zai)史籍《魏書(shu)》中(zhong)(zhong),記(ji)載(zai)了當時的(de)(de)(de)習俗“人(ren)皆剪發而(er)(er)留其(qi)頂上(shang),以(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)首(shou)(shou)飾,長(chang)過數(shu)(shu)(shu)寸則截短之(zhi)(zhi)。婦女披長(chang)襦及足(zu),而(er)(er)無裳焉(yan)。”部族(zu)人(ren)有(you)(you)髡發習俗,婦女是(shi)穿(chuan)著連身(shen)(shen)的(de)(de)(de)長(chang)襖,與漢族(zu)下(xia)身(shen)(shen)做長(chang)裙的(de)(de)(de)打扮大不同。另(ling)外,宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部族(zu)人(ren)在(zai)(zai)秋(qiu)天的(de)(de)(de)時候(hou)會去(qu)采收一(yi)種稱(cheng)作“烏頭”的(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)毒植物制(zhi)成毒藥,做為(wei)(wei)(wei)射獵禽獸之(zhi)(zhi)用。鮮(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)族(zu)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部逐漸繁榮興盛,一(yi)直至東(dong)(dong)晉(jin)(jin)(jin)五胡十六(liu)(liu)國(guo)(guo)前(qian)期為(wei)(wei)(wei)止,特別是(shi)在(zai)(zai)西晉(jin)(jin)(jin)以(yi)后(hou)較為(wei)(wei)(wei)強盛之(zhi)(zhi)時,地(di)點約(yue)在(zai)(zai)濡(ru)源(今河(he)北灤河(he)上(shang)游)以(yi)東(dong)(dong)、柳城(今遼(liao)寧朝(chao)陽)以(yi)西一(yi)帶(dai)的(de)(de)(de)廣大地(di)區,與同期存在(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)慕(mu)(mu)容部鮮(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)、段部鮮(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)相同,都(dou)屬(shu)于東(dong)(dong)部鮮(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)個(ge)支(zhi)系。宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部在(zai)(zai)西晉(jin)(jin)(jin)時期的(de)(de)(de)幾代首(shou)(shou)領(ling)(ling)與拓跋部鮮(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)關(guan)系較佳(jia),兩個(ge)部族(zu)間(jian)時有(you)(you)通婚。進(jin)入五胡十六(liu)(liu)國(guo)(guo)時期后(hou),宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部曾依附勢力強大的(de)(de)(de)后(hou)趙政(zheng)權。但宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部與慕(mu)(mu)容部鮮(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)卻(que)是(shi)一(yi)直存在(zai)(zai)著不斷(duan)的(de)(de)(de)爭(zheng)斗,且連續(xu)有(you)(you)數(shu)(shu)(shu)位宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部的(de)(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)領(ling)(ling)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫珪、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)遜(xun)昵延、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)乞得龜、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)逸(yi)豆歸都(dou)曾為(wei)(wei)(wei)慕(mu)(mu)容部所(suo)敗,在(zai)(zai)東(dong)(dong)晉(jin)(jin)(jin)咸(xian)和(he)九年或東(dong)(dong)晉(jin)(jin)(jin)咸(xian)康(kang)元年(公(gong)元344/345年)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)次決定(ding)性戰役中(zhong)(zhong),宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部終于被慕(mu)(mu)容部所(suo)建立(li)的(de)(de)(de)前(qian)燕政(zheng)權擊敗,部眾被慕(mu)(mu)容部首(shou)(shou)領(ling)(ling)分散遷移,宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部滅亡。
鮮(xian)卑(bei)宇文(wen)部的族(zu)人以及(ji)后(hou)來北周政權(quan)的皇(huang)族(zu)貴胄和一些臣(chen)子國民(min),都以“宇文(wen)“為姓(xing)(xing)(xing)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),稱宇文(wen)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),后(hou)逐漸融入(ru)(ru)漢族(zu),將宇文(wen)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)復姓(xing)(xing)(xing)也(ye)帶入(ru)(ru)漢族(zu)之中(zhong),后(hou)有(you)省(sheng)文(wen)簡改為單(dan)姓(xing)(xing)(xing)宇氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、文(wen)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)者,也(ye)有(you)改單(dan)姓(xing)(xing)(xing)為尚氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、趙氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、胡氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、李氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)者,皆(jie)世代相(xiang)傳至今。
來自嬴姓,出自南北朝時期北周(zhou)政(zheng)權大臣趙文表(biao)、趙昶之后,屬于帝王(wang)賜(si)改姓為氏。
南北(bei)朝時期,有北(bei)周大都督趙文(wen)(wen)表、北(bei)周長道(dao)郡(jun)公(gong)趙昶(chang),這二人都是北(bei)周武(wu)帝宇文(wen)(wen)邕(561年―578年在(zai)位)的親信大將(jiang)(jiang)。趙文(wen)(wen)表追隨許國公(gong)宇文(wen)(wen)貴鎮守蜀地,行(xing)昌城郡(jun)事,官(guan)至加(jia)中(zhong)軍將(jiang)(jiang)軍,左金紫光(guang)祿大夫(fu)。趙昶(chang)居將(jiang)(jiang)帥之(zhi)任,傾心下士。虜獲氐、羌(qiang),撫而(er)使之(zhi),皆(jie)為(wei)趙昶(chang)盡(jin)力。后錄(lu)前后功,進(jin)爵長道(dao)郡(jun)公(gong),征拜賓(bin)部中(zhong)大夫(fu),行(xing)吏部事。這二人皆(jie)被北(bei)周武(wu)帝賜(si)姓為(wei)宇文(wen)(wen)氏。
在趙文表(biao)、趙昶的后裔子孫中,有以先祖受賜姓氏(shi)承襲(xi)者(zhe),都稱宇文氏(shi),世(shi)代相傳至今。
宇(yu)文(wen)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)復姓(xing)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)典(dian)型的(de)北方少(shao)數民族漢化姓(xing)氏(shi)(shi)(shi),在(zai)(zai)中國(guo)的(de)大陸與臺(tai)灣省都未進入(ru)前(qian)(qian)三(san)百(bai)大姓(xing),在(zai)(zai)宋版(ban)《百(bai)家姓(xing)》中排序為第四百(bai)三(san)十四位門閥。宇(yu)文(wen)姓(xing)早期活動在(zai)(zai)西北地(di)(di)區,南北朝(chao)時期逐步南下內遷,除在(zai)(zai)遼寧(ning)、內蒙古、山(shan)西、陜西等(deng)地(di)(di)分布外,在(zai)(zai)河南洛陽等(deng)地(di)(di)形成宇(yu)文(wen)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)皇族聚集地(di)(di)。唐代時,他(ta)們入(ru)地(di)(di)為籍,遍及中原各(ge)地(di)(di)。宋后(hou)宇(yu)文(wen)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)已(yi)不(bu)常見(jian)。如今在(zai)(zai)北京、河南、陜西、浙江、四川、臺(tai)灣等(deng)地(di)(di)有(you)少(shao)量(liang)分布。現今宇(yu)文(wen)姓(xing)人口沒(mei)有(you)進入(ru)全國(guo)前(qian)(qian)三(san)百(bai)位。
今(jin)陜西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)咸陽市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)及興平(ping)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、乾縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、長武縣(xian)(xian)(xian),河北(bei)省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)行唐縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、張家口市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、石家莊市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),遼寧省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)大連市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),山東省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)煙臺市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),四川(chuan)省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)南(nan)(nan)部縣(xian)(xian)(xian),河南(nan)(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)欒川(chuan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、洛陽市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、安陽市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),江蘇省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)南(nan)(nan)京(jing)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),安徽省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)無為縣(xian)(xian)(xian),浙江省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)杭(hang)州市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),山西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)榆次(ci)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、太(tai)原市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)尖草坪區、長治(zhi)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),廣東省(sheng)(sheng),湖北(bei)省(sheng)(sheng),江西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng),湖南(nan)(nan)省(sheng)(sheng),臺灣省(sheng)(sheng),北(bei)京(jing)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),天津市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),重(zhong)慶市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),上海市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),香港(gang)特別行政區等地,均有宇文氏族(zu)人(ren)分布(bu)。
趙(zhao)郡:東漢(han)建安(an)年間(196年―219年)設趙(zhao)郡,治(zhi)所廣阿(今邢(xing)臺(tai)市(shi)隆堯縣(xian)(xian)),轄地包括(kuo)今石(shi)家莊(zhuang)趙(zhao)縣(xian)(xian)、高邑(yi)縣(xian)(xian)、贊皇縣(xian)(xian)和邢(xing)臺(tai)市(shi)寧(ning)晉縣(xian)(xian)、柏鄉縣(xian)(xian)、臨城(cheng)縣(xian)(xian)、隆堯縣(xian)(xian)東部。隋朝時期移(yi)治(zhi)到趙(zhao)縣(xian)(xian)(今河北(bei)趙(zhao)縣(xian)(xian))。
太(tai)原府(fu):也稱太(tai)原郡。戰國(guo)時期(qi)(qi)(qi)秦莊襄王四年(nian)(nian)(前246年(nian)(nian))置(zhi)郡,治所在(zai)晉(jin)陽(yang)(yang)(今山西太(tai)原),當時轄地(di)在(zai)今山西省(sheng)五臺山和(he)管涔山南部一帶、霍山北部一帶地(di)區(qu)(qu)。北魏時期(qi)(qi)(qi)轄地(di)在(zai)今山西省(sheng)陽(yang)(yang)曲縣、交城市(shi)、平遙市(shi)、和(he)順縣間的(de)(de)晉(jin)中(zhong)一帶地(di)區(qu)(qu)。隋朝時期(qi)(qi)(qi)改晉(jin)陽(yang)(yang)為(wei)太(tai)原,又另(ling)設(she)晉(jin)陽(yang)(yang),與太(tai)原同城。唐太(tai)原府(fu)洽也在(zai)此(ci)地(di)。宋(song)太(tai)平興國(guo)中(zhong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(980年(nian)(nian))改并(bing)州為(wei)太(tai)原府(fu),移治陽(yang)(yang)曲(今山西太(tai)原)。以(yi)后宋(song)朝、金國(guo)的(de)(de)河東(dong)路(lu)、河東(dong)北路(lu),明、清兩朝以(yi)來皆為(wei)府(fu)。民國(guo)時期(qi)(qi)(qi)改為(wei)市(shi),成(cheng)為(wei)山西省(sheng)會所在(zai),一直(zhi)沿(yan)用至(zhi)今。
趙郡堂:以望立堂。
太原堂:以望立堂。
四言通用聯
巧(qiao)思博學;善戰(zhan)多謀(mou)。
——上(shang)聯典指隋(sui)(sui)朝(chao)時期的(de)(de)朔方人宇文(wen)(wen)愷,字安樂,喜讀書(shu),多技藝,有巧思。隋(sui)(sui)文(wen)(wen)帝(di)(di)時任營新(xin)都(dou)(dou)副監,興建(jian)大(da)興城,又(you)開鑿廣通渠(qu),決渭水達(da)黃(huang)河,以便利漕運;隋(sui)(sui)煬帝(di)(di)時歷官營東(dong)都(dou)(dou)副監、將作大(da)匠、工(gong)部尚書(shu),所規(gui)劃的(de)(de)東(dong)都(dou)(dou)建(jian)筑極為奢(she)華。著有《東(dong)都(dou)(dou)圖記》、《明堂圖議》等。下聯典指宇文(wen)(wen)愷之兄宇文(wen)(wen)忻,字仲(zhong)樂,善戰多謀(mou),曾擊(ji)敗北周(zhou)大(da)將尉(wei)遲迥,封英(ying)國公。楊堅建(jian)隋(sui)(sui)朝(chao)后一直非常器重(zhong)他。
折草(cao)累石;正色立朝。
——上聯典指南北朝時(shi)(shi)期北周的(de)宇(yu)文深(shen),幼時(shi)(shi)折草為旗,累(lei)石為營(ying),作軍陣(zhen)之(zhi)勢以嬉,日后(hou)果為名將。下聯典指隋(sui)朝時(shi)(shi)期的(de)宇(yu)文弼,隋(sui)開皇初(chu)年為尚書左丞,當官正色,為百僚所憚(dan)。
五言通用聯
望出(chu)太原郡(jun);源自宇(yu)文(wen)國。
——全(quan)聯典指(zhi)宇(yu)文(wen)氏的郡望和得姓源流。
六言通用聯
宇宙寥闊(kuo)萬里;文明(ming)昌(chang)盛(sheng)千秋。
——此聯(lian)為以鶴頂格鑲嵌宇文復姓之“宇文”二(er)字(zi)的嵌字(zi)聯(lian)。
七言通用聯
觀兒戲料(liao)為良將;立戰功(gong)得沐(mu)侯封。
——上(shang)聯(lian)典指南北朝(chao)時期(qi)(qi)北周(zhou)(zhou)的(de)(de)武川人(ren)(ren)宇文(wen)深,字奴千,幼時曾用(yong)草、石擺軍(jun)(jun)陣,父親宇文(wen)永(yong)遇見了大(da)喜,料(liao)定他(ta)日后必為(wei)良將(jiang)。后隨北周(zhou)(zhou)孝(xiao)武帝西遷(qian),以都督領(ling)宿衛兵。北周(zhou)(zhou)大(da)統(tong)年間官(guan)東雍州刺史,封(feng)長樂侯(hou),后官(guan)至(zhi)司會中大(da)夫。下聯(lian)典指南北朝(chao)時期(qi)(qi)北周(zhou)(zhou)的(de)(de)武川人(ren)(ren)宇文(wen)虬,字樂仁,少年時從軍(jun)(jun),因戰功(gong)封(feng)南安侯(hou),官(guan)至(zhi)驃騎大(da)將(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)、開府儀同三司。在(zai)戰場(chang)上(shang),他(ta)總是身先士卒,所以能上(shang)下同心,戰無不(bu)勝。
六(liu)人稱王傳名遠;五(wu)州(zhou)總(zong)管播惠長。
——上聯(lian)典指(zhi)宇(yu)文復(fu)姓在(zai)歷史(shi)上稱帝者(zhe)共有六人,創立北(bei)周王朝。下(xia)聯(lian)典指(zhi)南北(bei)朝時(shi)期(qi)北(bei)周孝閔帝之子宇(yu)文康(kang),字乾(qian)定(ding),封紀王,總督利、始等五州大小劍二防諸軍事。
南冠終日囚軍府;北雁何時(shi)到上林。
——此聯(lian)為金(jin)國的(de)大臣宇文(wen)虛中(zhong)《在金(jin)日作(zuo)三首》詩句聯(lian)。“囚軍府”,指宇文(wen)虛中(zhong)奉使金(jin)國,被留不(bu)放(fang)還。“上林”,代(dai)指南宋王朝。
八言以上通用聯
幼(you)歲攻書,不從筆硯為迂(yu)腐;少年(nian)受學,惟憑劍馬取公侯。
——上聯典(dian)指隋(sui)朝時(shi)期的(de)大(da)(da)將軍(jun)宇文慶事典(dian)。下聯典(dian)指南(nan)北(bei)朝時(shi)期北(bei)周的(de)夏州名人(ren)宇文貴,字永貴,少受學,輟書嘆曰:“男(nan)兒當提(ti)劍(jian)汗馬以取公(gong)侯(hou),何能為(wei)博士?”后仕魏為(wei)大(da)(da)將軍(jun),屢著戰功,封許國公(gong)。
家譜文獻
宇文(wen)氏族譜,(明)危素序,明朝年間木刻活字(zi)印(yin)本。現被收(shou)藏在中國(guo)國(guo)家圖書(shu)館、日本東京國(guo)立博(bo)物(wu)館。
北朝北魏(wei)將(jiang)領。武川(今屬(shu)內(nei)蒙(meng))人。鮮(xian)卑族,宇文(wen)(wen)泰父(fu)。魏(wei)明帝(di)(di)時,破(po)六(liu)韓拔(ba)陵起義,宇文(wen)(wen)肱聚兵(bing)攻殺破(po)六(liu)韓拔(ba)陵部將(jiang)衛可孤。遷居中山。后率(lv)眾(zhong)加入鮮(xian)于修禮軍,被魏(wei)軍擊敗(bai),戰(zhan)死。北周追(zhui)尊為德皇(huang)帝(di)(di)。
(489-546),北朝西(xi)魏(wei)將(jiang)領。字(zi)澄鏡,宇文(wen)(wen)泰族(zu)子。宇文(wen)(wen)測性沉(chen)密(mi),少篤(du)學。起家奉朝請、殿中侍御史、安東將(jiang)軍。尚宣(xuan)武帝女陽平公主,拜駙馬(ma)都(dou)尉。從孝武帝西(xi)入關(guan),進爵為公。西(xi)魏(wei)文(wen)(wen)帝大統四(si)年(538),拜侍中。六年,坐(zuo)事(shi)免(mian)。不久(jiu),除驃騎大將(jiang)軍、大都(dou)督、行汾州(zhou)事(shi)。八年,加金紫光祿(lu)大夫,轉行綏州(zhou)事(shi)。十年,征拜太子少保。十二(er)年十月,在任去(qu)世(shi)。
(498-554),北朝西魏(wei)(wei)(wei)將領(ling)。好讀書,馳(chi)馬能(neng)左右射。少襲爵,與魏(wei)(wei)(wei)孝武帝(di)有布衣交(jiao),帝(di)用為(wei)閣內(nei)大都(dou)督。共議西附宇文泰,又護帝(di)至關中。宇文泰用為(wei)帳(zhang)內(nei)大都(dou)督。后進位(wei)儀同三司、散騎常侍。魏(wei)(wei)(wei)恭(gong)帝(di)元年去(qu)世。
(505-556),北朝北魏、西魏將領。字黑(hei)獺,代郡武川(chuan)(chuan)(今內蒙古武川(chuan)(chuan)西)人,鮮(xian)卑(bei)族。
(511-554),北(bei)朝西魏(wei)將領。字菩(pu)薩,顥子。隨宇(yu)文(wen)泰入關中(zhong),西魏(wei)文(wen)帝初為(wei)(wei)領軍(jun)(jun)將軍(jun)(jun),率(lv)領禁軍(jun)(jun)。泰與高歡作(zuo)戰。常留守后方。大統四年(538),為(wei)(wei)華州(zhou)刺(ci)史(shi)。泰軍(jun)(jun)在(zai)洛陽失敗,趙(zhao)青雀、于伏德等(deng)乘時據長安、咸(xian)陽。宇(yu)文(wen)導由華州(zhou)率(lv)軍(jun)(jun)攻破(po)咸(xian)陽,又與泰合(he)師收回長安。后出守隴右(you),去世在(zai)上邽,謚孝。
(?-568),北朝北周(zhou)臣。字(zi)奴干,測弟。起家秘書郎。好(hao)讀兵(bing)書,有(you)謀略。宇文泰用為相(xiang)府主(zhu)簿(bu)。為泰籌劃擒竇泰、取弘農及(ji)沙苑(yuan)作戰方略。封長樂縣侯。周(zhou)武(wu)帝保(bao)定初,為京兆尹,轉司會(hui)中大夫。為政(zheng)嚴明,抑制豪右,受人贊譽(yu)。
(約(yue)515-572),北朝北周權臣。武(wu)川(chuan)(chuan)(今內蒙古武(wu)川(chuan)(chuan)西)人(ren)。宇文泰之侄。
(531-578),北朝北周(zhou)(zhou)將(jiang)領(ling)。代郡武(wu)川(今屬內蒙古(gu))人(ren)。鮮卑族(zu)。周(zhou)(zhou)文帝(di)(di)(di)宇文泰族(zu)子(zi)。父顯和,仕(shi)魏,為(wei)孝武(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)進入(ru)關之(zhi)計(ji)。后隨從(cong)(cong)入(ru)關。宇文神(shen)舉(ju)以(yi)周(zhou)(zhou)明帝(di)(di)(di)初,起家中(zhong)侍(shi)上士(shi)。明帝(di)(di)(di)留意文學而(er)神(shen)舉(ju)雅好篇什,常(chang)得侍(shi)從(cong)(cong)。周(zhou)(zhou)武(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)保定間,歷任(ren)車騎大(da)將(jiang)軍、儀同三(san)司(si)諸職(zhi)。建德(de)元年(nian)為(wei)京兆(zhao)尹,三(san)年(nian),出為(wei)熊州(zhou)(zhou)刺史(shi)(shi)。從(cong)(cong)周(zhou)(zhou)武(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)伐齊,齊平(ping),為(wei)并(bing)州(zhou)(zhou)刺史(shi)(shi)。宣政元年(nian)(578),周(zhou)(zhou)武(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)卒(zu)(zu),幽州(zhou)(zhou)人(ren)盧昌(chang)期、祖(zu)英伯(bo)等舉(ju)兵(bing)反周(zhou)(zhou),盧思道(dao)亦預其事。神(shen)舉(ju)率(lv)兵(bing)平(ping)亂,見(jian)思道(dao),令作露布(bu),乃(nai)釋其罪。又從(cong)(cong)越王(wang)宇文盛平(ping)稽(ji)胡,敗突厥(jue)。師還,以(yi)武(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)時嘗與王(wang)軌、宇文孝伯(bo)言宣帝(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)短于(yu)武(wu)帝(di)(di)(di),兼以(yi)功高,宣帝(di)(di)(di)使人(ren)鴆之(zhi),卒(zu)(zu)于(yu)馬邑。史(shi)(shi)稱宇文神(shen)舉(ju)“博涉經史(shi)(shi),性愛篇章”。
(534-560),北朝北周皇帝(di)。小(xiao)字統萬突(tu)。鮮卑族(zu)。宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)泰庶長子。西魏大(da)統十四(si)年(nian)(nian)(548),封(feng)寧都郡公。北周建國后任柱國,岐州刺(ci)史(shi)。557年(nian)(nian)被宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)護立為(wei)天(tian)王,宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)護輔政專權。559年(nian)(nian)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)護歸政,始親(qin)政,稱皇帝(di),改(gai)元武成。仍受制(zhi)于宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)護。武成二年(nian)(nian)(560)四(si)月,被宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)護毒死(si)。葬昭陵(ling)。謚明皇帝(di),廟號(hao)世宗。年(nian)(nian)號(hao)武成。
(542-557),北朝北周創建者。字陁羅(luo)尼。鮮卑族。代郡武川(今(jin)屬內蒙古)人,西魏權臣宇文泰第三子。
北(bei)朝北(bei)周(zhou)將領(ling)。字樂(le)仁,武(wu)川(chuan)(今屬內(nei)蒙古(gu))人。驍(xiao)悍(han)有膽略。少從(cong)征討,累(lei)有戰功,封南安侯(hou)。后為(wei)獨孤信(xin)帳內(nei)都督,隨信(xin)奔梁。復回歸(gui),進爵為(wei)公。從(cong)復弘農(nong),破沙苑,戰河橋(qiao),皆有功,累(lei)遷南秦州(zhou)刺史、驃騎大將軍、開(kai)府儀同三司。宇文虬每經戰陣,必身先士卒,故上下同心,戰無不克(ke)。后拜金州(zhou)刺史、大將軍卒。
(543-578),北朝北周皇帝。小字禰羅(luo)突。鮮卑族。武川(今(jin)內蒙(meng)古武川西)人。宇文泰第(di)四子。
(?-576),北(bei)(bei)朝北(bei)(bei)周將領。字永貴,其先昌黎(今屬河北(bei)(bei))人,后(hou)徙居夏(xia)州(今陜(shan)西(xi)(xi)橫山縣(xian)西(xi)(xi))。善騎射,有(you)將帥才。魏正光末,破六韓拔陵圍夏(xia)州,刺史嬰城(cheng)固守(shou),以(yi)貴為(wei)統軍(jun)。后(hou)從(cong)爾朱榮,以(yi)戰(zhan)功封革融縣(xian)侯。大統中,屢著戰(zhan)功,官至大將軍(jun)。周孝閔帝即位(wei),進位(wei)柱國,封許國公,歷官大司徒(tu)、太(tai)保(bao)。天和中出使突厥,回(hui)至張(zhang)掖卒。
(543-578),北朝(chao)北周臣(chen)。字胡三,深子(zi)。少被(bei)宇文(wen)泰撫養。與武帝(di)同日生(sheng),同學,相知(zhi)甚(shen)深。邕即位,以與其(qi)共讀(du)為由,引置左(zuo)(zuo)右,方得聯絡內外,誅殺宇文(wen)護。為左(zuo)(zuo)宮(gong)正,輔太(tai)子(zi)赟(yun),數言赟(yun)過。帝(di)出京(jing),常令其(qi)留守(shou)。帝(di)將卒,執手托以后事,即令為司衛上大(da)夫。入京(jing)鎮守(shou)。宣帝(di)初,為小冢宰,數言朝(chao)政得失,拒助帝(di)殺齊(qi)王憲,賜死。后楊堅言:若(ruo)孝伯(bo)在,己即無機遇。
(544-578),北(bei)朝北(bei)周宗室。字毗(pi)賀突,宇文泰第五子,周武(wu)帝(di)宇文邕弟。性(xing)通敏,有度量。
北朝北周宗室。字豆(dou)羅突,邕同母弟。周初封衛國公,附宇(yu)文護。武(wu)帝天和(he)中與(yu)陳(chen)軍作(zuo)戰兵(bing)(bing)敗,免(mian)職。遂怨(yuan)護,助邕殺護。求為(wei)(wei)大司馬(ma),帝未(wei)許。建德(de)三年(nian)(574)進(jin)爵為(wei)(wei)王(wang)。同年(nian),帝赴云(yun)陽宮,直在(zai)長(chang)安(an)舉兵(bing)(bing)攻宮城。事(shi)敗,逃(tao)至荊州被(bei)擒,免(mian)為(wei)(wei)庶人,囚在(zai)別宮。不(bu)久(jiu)被(bei)殺。
(?-578),北朝北周宗室。字侯(hou)幼突,宇文泰子。明(ming)帝武(wu)成初,封譙(qiao)國公(gong)。武(wu)帝天(tian)和中,拜大將(jiang)軍,遷柱國,出為(wei)益州總管。建德三年(nian)(574),宇文儉(jian)進爵為(wei)王。五年(nian),東伐,攻永(yong)固(gu)城(cheng),拔之。六年(nian),拜大冢(zhong)宰。宣(xuan)政元(yuan)年(nian)(578)二月卒。
(?-580),北朝北周宗室。字度斤(jin)突(tu),宇文泰子。性果決(jue),善騎射。明帝武(wu)(wu)成初,封代(dai)國(guo)公(gong)。武(wu)(wu)帝天(tian)和元年(nian)(566),拜大(da)將軍。建德(de)初,進位(wei)柱國(guo),出(chu)為荊州刺史。三年(nian)(574),進爵(jue)為王(wang)。出(chu)為益州總管。宣(xuan)帝即位(wei),進位(wei)上柱國(guo)。靜帝大(da)象元年(nian)(579),拜大(da)右弼。二年(nian),為隋文帝楊(yang)堅所殺。
(?-580),北朝(chao)北周(zhou)宗室(shi)、文人。字豆盧突。代郡武川(今屬內蒙古)人。鮮卑族。宇文泰子(zi)。
(?-580),北(bei)朝北(bei)周宗室、文人(ren)。字(zi)爾固突。代郡武川(今屬內蒙古)人(ren)。鮮卑族。宇文泰(tai)之子。
北(bei)(bei)朝(chao)北(bei)(bei)周將(jiang)領。河(he)南(nan)洛陽(今屬河(he)南(nan))人。孝文(wen)帝太(tai)和(he)初,為(wei)羽(yu)林(lin)郎將(jiang),數有戰功。魏遷都洛陽,宇文(wen)福(fu)奉命規劃(hua)牧地,在(zai)黃(huang)河(he)南(nan)北(bei)(bei)地近千里(li),放養雜畜。后(hou)攻高車敗(bai),被貶(bian)。宣武帝即位,用(yong)為(wei)南(nan)征統軍,有戰功。歷(li)任豫、瀛州刺史,太(tai)仆卿,懷朔鎮將(jiang)。卒于(yu)鎮,謚貞惠。
(559-580),北朝北周皇(huang)帝(di)(di)。字乾伯(bo)。鮮卑族(zu)。邕長(chang)子(zi)。邕慮其(qi)(qi)不堪重任,待(dai)其(qi)(qi)嚴格,朝見(jian)如群臣,有(you)過(guo)則杖責。初(chu)即位,下令嚴律法(fa);任用(yong)北齊官員。殺(sha)齊王(wang)憲,令左右密(mi)察群臣言(yan)行。法(fa)嚴刑苛(ke),禁臣下有(you)高大之稱。次(ci)年,以子(zi)衍為皇(huang)帝(di)(di),自(zi)稱天元皇(huang)帝(di)(di)。大興土木,恣意聲色(se)。對(dui)國家典(dian)章制度(du)等(deng),皆有(you)變革。大象(xiang)二年令楊(yang)堅(jian)出為揚州總管。事未行,病,召(zhao)堅(jian)入宮。卒,謚宣帝(di)(di)。
(?-580),北(bei)朝北(bei)周宗(zong)室。字乾依,武(wu)帝宇(yu)(yu)文邕子,初封(feng)漢國公(gong)。建(jian)德(de)三年(574),進(jin)爵為王,仍柱國。靜帝大象(xiang)二年(580),楊堅輔(fu)政,欲順物情,乃進(jin)宇(yu)(yu)文贊(zan)上柱國、右大丞(cheng)相。外示尊崇,實無權柄。后轉太師。不久,為堅所殺(sha)。
(?-580),北朝北周宗室。字乾信,武帝宇文邕子(zi),初封秦國(guo)(guo)公(gong)。武帝建(jian)德三年(574),進爵為王。靜帝大象二年(580)五月(yue),進上柱國(guo)(guo)。六月(yue),遷(qian)大冢(zhong)宰。八月(yue),進位(wei)大右弼(bi)。不久,為楊堅所殺。
(?-580),北朝北周宗室。字(zi)立久突,宇(yu)文泰子。明帝(di)(di)武成初,封越國公。武帝(di)(di)天和中,進(jin)爵為(wei)王。四年(569),大軍(jun)(jun)伐齊,宇(yu)文盛為(wei)后一(yi)軍(jun)(jun)總(zong)管。并州平,進(jin)位上柱國。從平鄴,拜相州總(zong)管。宣政元年(578),入為(wei)大冢宰。靜帝(di)(di)大象元年(579),遷大前(qian)疑,轉太保。同年出(chu)就國。二年,朝京師。其秋,為(wei)隋(sui)文帝(di)(di)楊堅所殺。
(523-586),隋將(jiang)領(ling)。京兆(zhao)(治今陜(shan)西西安)人,本籍朔方(治今內蒙古烏審旗南白城(cheng)子),字(zi)仲樂。少(shao)時即精騎射,慷慨(kai)有大志,自(zi)謂(wei)可(ke)勝(sheng)過韓信、白起(qi)、衛青(qing)、霍去病等名將(jiang)。北(bei)周(zhou)時,從(cong)韋孝(xiao)寬守玉壁,從(cong)武帝攻拔北(bei)齊(qi)晉陽,均以(yi)驍(xiao)勇敢戰立功(gong)。周(zhou)末,從(cong)高(gao)颎、韋孝(xiao)寬破尉(wei)遲迥(jiong),功(gong)為諸將(jiang)之最。進封英國公。入隋,以(yi)宿將(jiang)遭忌,乃(nai)與梁士彥等謀反,事泄被殺。
(573-581),北朝(chao)(chao)北周皇帝(di)。本名衍。鮮(xian)卑族。宣(xuan)帝(di)長子(zi)。大(da)成元(yuan)(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(579),封魯王,不久立為皇太子(zi)。同年(nian)(nian)二(er)月受父(fu)禪(chan)即位,年(nian)(nian)僅(jin)7歲。改元(yuan)(yuan)大(da)象。外戚楊(yang)堅執掌(zhang)朝(chao)(chao)政,恢復佛(fo)、道(dao)兩教(jiao),大(da)殺(sha)周朝(chao)(chao)宗(zong)室。大(da)定元(yuan)(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(581)二(er)月,被(bei)迫禪(chan)位于楊(yang)堅,封介(jie)國(guo)公(gong),北周亡。同年(nian)(nian)五月被(bei)殺(sha)。葬恭陵。謚靜帝(di)。
隋(sui)將,字神(shen)慶,祖籍武川(今屬內蒙(meng)古(gu)),后(hou)為(wei)洛陽人,鮮(xian)卑族,宇文氏族子。周(zhou)初受業東觀,頗涉經史。后(hou)應募從(cong)征(zheng),以功授(shou)都(dou)督(du)。復從(cong)武帝轉戰各地,拔高壁,克并州,下信都(dou),功居(ju)諸將之首,故進(jin)位大將軍,封汝南郡公。入隋(sui),拜左(zuo)武衛將軍,進(jin)上(shang)柱國,出為(wei)涼(liang)州總管。后(hou)還(huan)都(dou),卒于家。
(555-612),隋建筑(zhu)家。字安樂,朔方夏州(今陜西靖(jing)邊(bian))人。
(?-616),隋朝將(jiang)領。字(zi)伯(bo)通,代郡武(wu)川(今(jin)內蒙古武(wu)川南)人,出身鮮(xian)卑貴族。
(?-619),隋代末(mo)年叛軍首領(ling)。代郡(jun)武(wu)川(今內蒙古(gu)武(wu)川西)人。隋大將(jiang)宇文述(shu)之子。
唐將(jiang)領(ling)。字仁人,京兆(zhao)長安人。父述(shu),為(wei)隋右衛大將(jiang)軍。隋開皇(huang)末(601),封新城縣公。
宇(yu)(yu)文成都(dou),小說《說唐》《忠義(yi)響馬傳》《興唐傳》中人物,宇(yu)(yu)文化(hua)及(ji)之(zhi)子(zi)。被(bei)隋煬帝封為天(tian)保大(da)將軍(jun)之(zhi)職。兵器鳳翅鎦金镋(tang)[tǎng],被(bei)稱(cheng)為隋唐第二(er)(er)條好漢,在(zai)四平山(shan)力挫三(san)杰。曾在(zai)晉陽與(yu)李淵之(zhi)子(zi)李元霸(ba)(ba)比武,輸給李元霸(ba)(ba)。與(yu)瓦崗寨英(ying)使(shi)一柄鳳翅鎦金镋(tang),重(zhong)三(san)百二(er)(er)十(shi)斤”,傳說為九(jiu)天(tian)應元雷神普化(hua)天(tian)尊轉世。雄為敵,幫助(zhu)父奪取隋朝天(tian)下(xia),在(zai)揚州被(bei)李元霸(ba)(ba)所(suo)殺。歷史上,宇(yu)(yu)文化(hua)及(ji)有二(er)(er)子(zi):宇(yu)(yu)文承基、宇(yu)(yu)文承趾(zhi),宇(yu)(yu)文化(hua)及(ji)同(tong)時被(bei)竇(dou)建德斬殺。
(?-約730),唐臣。京兆萬年(今(jin)陜西西安(an))人。開(kai)元(yuan)初任監察御(yu)史。時(shi)土地(di)兼并嚴重,人口流(liu)失,稅收受(shou)到影(ying)響(xiang)。他建議(yi)檢括逃亡戶口和籍外占(zhan)田(tian)。并自任勸農使,率判(pan)官(guan)二十(shi)余人出使各(ge)地(di),清出客戶八十(shi)余萬和大量土地(di)。開(kai)元(yuan)十(shi)七年(729),拜黃門(men)侍(shi)(shi)郎(lang)(lang),同中書門(men)下平章事。他善于薦舉人才(cai),在(zai)相期間,薦宋璟為右丞(cheng)相、裴耀卿為戶部(bu)侍(shi)(shi)郎(lang)(lang)、許(xu)景先為工部(bu)侍(shi)(shi)郎(lang)(lang)。在(zai)相位(wei)僅百日即罷貶(bian)為汝州(zhou)刺史,又(you)流(liu)巖州(zhou),卒于途(tu)中。
唐(tang)臣。字周重(zhong),河南(nan)(今河南(nan)洛(luo)陽(yang))人。御(yu)史(shi)(shi)(shi)中丞(cheng)宇文(wen)邈之子。元(yuan)和(he)六年(811),與江淮從事李公(gong)佐會于(yu)漢南(nan)。長慶初,任(ren)右拾遺,與李玨(jue)等進言勸穆宗(zong)戒(jie)酒(jiu)色。歷倉部(bu)員外(wai)郎(lang)、左司(si)員外(wai)郎(lang)、吏部(bu)員外(wai)郎(lang)。大和(he)三年(829),自吏部(bu)郎(lang)中為(wei)(wei)御(yu)史(shi)(shi)(shi)中丞(cheng)。又兼(jian)刑部(bu)侍郎(lang)。六年,為(wei)(wei)戶部(bu)侍郎(lang)、判度(du)支。出為(wei)(wei)華州(zhou)刺(ci)史(shi)(shi)(shi)。八年,坐贓事貶(bian)循州(zhou)刺(ci)史(shi)(shi)(shi)。
(1029-1082),北(bei)宋學者。字公南,漢州綿竹(今屬四川(chuan))人。進士(shi)及第(di),為文(wen)州曲水縣令。神宗即位,上(shang)疏言政事(shi),不(bu)報,遂以太子中允致仕。自強于學,不(bu)易其志,退居十(shi)五年,常為經史琴(qin)酒之(zhi)樂,學者稱(cheng)止止先(xian)生(sheng)。司馬光、范(fan)鎮等盛譽之(zhi),以為“位下而(er)言高,學富而(er)行(xing)篤”。元(yuan)豐(feng)五年卒(zu)。著有《止止先(xian)生(sheng)宇文(wen)公集(ji)》二(er)十(shi)二(er)卷,今已佚。
(?-1139),宋(song)臣(chen)。字仲達,一作仲理,成都(dou)華陽(今四(si)川(chuan)雙流)人。崇寧二年(1103)進士。入仕后(hou)曾任(ren)中書(shu)舍(she)人、翰林學(xue)士承(cheng)旨等職。宣和六(liu)年(1124)官至(zhi)尚書(shu)右(you)丞。后(hou)出為地(di)方官。南(nan)宋(song)初知(zhi)濮州(zhou)時被(bei)俘,金人嘉其忠義放(fang)歸,乃以(yi)(yi)光祿(lu)大夫出知(zhi)潼川(chuan)府。紹興元年(1131)辭(ci)官,以(yi)(yi)其弟宇文時中代(dai)理府事。從(cong)此閑(xian)居至(zhi)卒。
(1079-1146),金(jin)臣。字叔通,宇文粹(cui)中之(zhi)弟。
南(nan)宋臣。字挺臣,顯謨閣待制宇文師瑗養子。成(cheng)都廣都(今四川雙流)人。初補(bu)官仕州(zhou)縣(xian)。舉進(jin)士。累遷寶謨閣待制、知(zhi)廬州(zhou)。時,韓侂(tuo)胄方(fang)議舉兵北伐。紹(shao)節(jie)致(zhi)書(shu)侂(tuo)胄,認為有復(fu)仇之志,無復(fu)仇之略;有開邊之害(hai),無開邊之利,不量國力,冒(mao)險進(jin)取。侂(tuo)胄見書(shu)不樂。召還,以寶文閣待制知(zhi)鎮(zhen)江府(fu)。除湖北京西宣撫(fu)使,知(zhi)江陵府(fu)。統制官高悅(yue)肆意殺掠,紹(shao)節(jie)召至(zhi),收其部曲,旋有人控(kong)訴(su)悅(yue)縱所部剽劫者(zhe),加以杖殺,兵民皆歡喜。官至(zhi)端明殿學(xue)士、簽書(shu)樞(shu)密院事,卒。謚忠惠。
元文學家。字(zi)子貞,成(cheng)都人,后徙吳興(今(jin)浙江(jiang)湖州(zhou))。元統進(jin)士。
其(qi)他宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)姓名人有(you)晉宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)鮮(xian)卑族首領(ling)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫槐、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫廆、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)屈云、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)遜尼延、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)乞得歸、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)逸豆歸;南北朝東魏(wei)史學家宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)忠之,西(xi)魏(wei)將(jiang)領(ling)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)洛(luo)生、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)顥(hao),北周大(da)臣(chen)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)純、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)寔(shi)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)興、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)貞、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)賢、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)善,將(jiang)領(ling)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)亮(liang)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)延、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)安慶(qing)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)椿;隋大(da)臣(chen)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)弼(bi)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)靜禮、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)皛、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)智及,將(jiang)領(ling)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)協;唐大(da)臣(chen)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)穎、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)節;宋大(da)臣(chen)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)昌齡、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)常(chang),學者宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)紹奕、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)懋昭等。近當代宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)姓名人有(you)經(jing)濟(ji)學家宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)舉,畫家宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)洲(zhou),歌唱演(yan)員宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)永清(qing)等
1940年生于吉林龍井,1958年考入東北(bei)師范(fan)大學(xue)美(mei)術(shu)系學(xue)習。1965年畢業分配到北(bei)京(jing)(jing)畫院(yuan)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)品(pin)以青綠山(shan)水創作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為主(zhu)。其創作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)力(li)求把水墨山(shan)水和重彩青綠山(shan)水融(rong)為一體(ti)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)品(pin)構圖飽(bao)滿。氣勢雄偉。現為北(bei)京(jing)(jing)畫院(yuan)專(zhuan)業畫家(jia)(jia)。國(guo)家(jia)(jia)一級美(mei)術(shu)師。北(bei)京(jing)(jing)中國(guo)畫研(yan)究會(hui)(hui)會(hui)(hui)長。中國(guo)美(mei)術(shu)家(jia)(jia)協會(hui)(hui)會(hui)(hui)員(yuan)。