無線上(shang)網(wang)卡(ka)(ka)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)種把UIM或(huo)SIM卡(ka)(ka),集(ji)成到一(yi)(yi)個類似于傳統貓的硬件設備(bei),也就(jiu)是(shi)說(shuo)我們通(tong)過(guo)(guo)無線上(shang)網(wang)卡(ka)(ka)和(he)以前通(tong)過(guo)(guo)電(dian)話線和(he)貓上(shang)網(wang)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)樣的,都需(xu)要(yao)撥號,只不過(guo)(guo)過(guo)(guo)去(qu)的貓被現在的無線上(shang)網(wang)卡(ka)(ka)取(qu)代,過(guo)(guo)去(qu)的電(dian)話線被手機UIM和(he)SIM卡(ka)(ka)替代,當我們想上(shang)網(wang)的時候就(jiu)讓終端設備(bei)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)這個無線上(shang)網(wang)卡(ka)(ka)連接(jie)internet即可(ke)。
無線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)上網(wang)卡(ka)(ka)的工作(zuo)原理是(shi)微波射(she)頻技術,一般采用CDMA2000實(shi)現通訊(xun),也(ye)可采用GPRS通訊(xun)。它遵(zun)循802.11g標(biao)準,通過無線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)傳輸,由無線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)接(jie)(jie)入點發出信(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao),用無線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)上網(wang)卡(ka)(ka)接(jie)(jie)受(shou)和發送數據。按照IEEE802.11協議(yi),無線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)上網(wang)卡(ka)(ka)卡(ka)(ka)分(fen)為媒體訪問(wen)控制(MAC)層(ceng)(ceng)和物理層(ceng)(ceng)(PHY Layer)。物理層(ceng)(ceng)能(neng)夠(gou)實(shi)現無線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)電信(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)的接(jie)(jie)收與發射(she),它與無線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)上網(wang)卡(ka)(ka)硬件中的擴(kuo)頻通信(xin)(xin)機相對應。物理層(ceng)(ceng)提供空閑(xian)信(xin)(xin)道估(gu)計(ji)CCA信(xin)(xin)息給MAC層(ceng)(ceng),以便決(jue)定是(shi)否(fou)可以發送信(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao),通過MAC層(ceng)(ceng)的控制來實(shi)現無線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)網(wang)絡的CCSMA/CA協議(yi),而(er)MAC-PHY子層(ceng)(ceng)主要實(shi)現數據的打包與拆(chai)包,把必要的控制信(xin)(xin)息放在數據包的前(qian)面,從而(er)實(shi)現上網(wang)。