電子詞典組成部分

1、MCU

MCU是Main Control Unit的縮寫，中文意思(si)為(wei)主要(yao)控(kong)(kong)制單元，或者說主控(kong)(kong)制器(qi)，也就相當于電腦里的CPU,人(ren)的大腦。MCU是電子(zi)詞典中最(zui)重要(yao)的一(yi)個器(qi)件，其(qi)他(ta)的器(qi)件都是受其(qi)控(kong)(kong)制和操作的。

2、存儲設備

在電(dian)子詞典里(li)(li)常見的(de)存(cun)儲(chu)(chu)芯片(pian)有三(san)種：MASKROM掩膜只(zhi)讀存(cun)儲(chu)(chu)器，FLASH閃存(cun)和SRAM靜態隨(sui)機(ji)存(cun)取器。它們(men)是通過不同的(de)工藝制造出(chu)來的(de)，功能(neng)也不盡相同。MASK ROM里(li)(li)面(mian)的(de)資料(liao)只(zhi)能(neng)一次性的(de)在廠家(jia)寫入，一旦寫入，就無(wu)法更(geng)改里(li)(li)面(mian)的(de)內(nei)容(rong)。FLASH則可寫入內(nei)容(rong)，還可以擦除更(geng)改，這兩種芯片(pian)里(li)(li)的(de)內(nei)容(rong)即使沒有電(dian)也可以保存(cun)下來，資料(liao)不會丟失。

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3、電源及低電壓檢測

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子詞典中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)就(jiu)(jiu)相當于人類的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)心臟，它給(gei)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)提(ti)供恒定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)源(yuan)源(yuan)不(bu)斷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動力供應。日(ri)常所用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子器(qi)(qi)件都(dou)有一(yi)個使用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)（不(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)器(qi)(qi)件，有不(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)），通(tong)常為(wei)(wei)2.7伏(fu)(fu)(fu)到(dao)(dao)3.6伏(fu)(fu)(fu)之間，超過這(zhe)(zhe)個范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)，就(jiu)(jiu)有可(ke)能(neng)(neng)造成系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)穩(wen)定(ding)，資料的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)丟(diu)失，甚至芯片的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)壞。而的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)是(shi)不(bu)固(gu)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，新(xin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)兩(liang)(liang)節大約在3.2伏(fu)(fu)(fu)左(zuo)右，用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間長了(le)(le)(le)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)就(jiu)(jiu)降下來了(le)(le)(le)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)模(mo)塊(kuai)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)確(que)保整個系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)總是(shi)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)在固(gu)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)上。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)經(jing)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)模(mo)塊(kuai)穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)以后，出來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)需要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)了(le)(le)(le)。一(yi)般為(wei)(wei)3.0伏(fu)(fu)(fu)或(huo)者3.3伏(fu)(fu)(fu)。但(dan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)用(yong)到(dao)(dao)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)候確(que)實(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)不(bu)多了(le)(le)(le)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)為(wei)(wei)某一(yi)個值(zhi)(zhi)以下時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)模(mo)塊(kuai)也頗感吃力，提(ti)供不(bu)了(le)(le)(le)那(nei)么(me)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功率(lv)輸出，只能(neng)(neng)干(gan)一(yi)些(xie)輕(qing)松的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)候，就(jiu)(jiu)要采取(qu)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)措施(shi)了(le)(le)(le)，比(bi)如(ru)提(ti)示(shi)報警、禁(jin)止(zhi)發音、禁(jin)止(zhi)游戲等(deng)等(deng)。不(bu)然(ran)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)話，這(zhe)(zhe)些(xie)非常消耗(hao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)會(hui)(hui)拉低系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，造成死機，資料丟(diu)失。以使用(yong)兩(liang)(liang)節7號(hao)堿性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機器(qi)(qi)來說，這(zhe)(zhe)個檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)在2.3伏(fu)(fu)(fu)左(zuo)右。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低于2.3伏(fu)(fu)(fu)，機器(qi)(qi)就(jiu)(jiu)會(hui)(hui)自動檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)到(dao)(dao)，然(ran)后一(yi)些(xie)比(bi)較(jiao)耗(hao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)就(jiu)(jiu)會(hui)(hui)被禁(jin)止(zhi)了(le)(le)(le),同(tong)(tong)時(shi)提(ti)示(shi)用(yong)戶。當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低到(dao)(dao)一(yi)個更(geng)低的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)值(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)已經(jing)不(bu)能(neng)(neng)保證任何功能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安全運(yun)行(xing)了(le)(le)(le)，為(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)(le)保護資料及系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)，這(zhe)(zhe)時(shi)就(jiu)(jiu)要由(you)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)強行(xing)關(guan)機了(le)(le)(le)，這(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)級檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)通(tong)常所說的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)機電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)。同(tong)(tong)樣以兩(liang)(liang)節7號(hao)堿性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機器(qi)(qi)來說，這(zhe)(zhe)個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)點一(yi)般在2.0伏(fu)(fu)(fu)左(zuo)右。

4、鍵盤

鍵(jian)盤(pan)就是按的鍵(jian)，通常(chang)包括復位鍵(jian)，開關(guan)鍵(jian)，方向鍵(jian)，２６字母(mu)，數字，符號(hao)，退出，輸入以及一些常(chang)用的快捷鍵(jian)，如目錄、發音等等。

5、顯示模塊

LCD是(shi)Liquid Crystal Display的(de)(de)(de)(de)縮寫(xie)，中文名稱(cheng)為液(ye)態晶(jing)體顯(xian)示器，有(you)時簡稱(cheng)為液(ye)晶(jing)，由于它的(de)(de)(de)(de)構(gou)造(zao)大(da)(da)致是(shi)由兩塊玻(bo)(bo)璃中夾著液(ye)態晶(jing)體構(gou)成(cheng)，外表看也象玻(bo)(bo)璃一樣，所以也有(you)人把(ba)LCD叫作玻(bo)(bo)璃。通常(chang)LCD需要(yao)專用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)集成(cheng)電路（IC－Integrated Circuit）也就(jiu)是(shi)芯片(pian)來(lai)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)它工(gong)作，這(zhe)(zhe)個專用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)芯片(pian)就(jiu)是(shi)LCD Driver,有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主控(kong)制器本身有(you)可(ke)以直接驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)LCD的(de)(de)(de)(de)功能（或(huo)者說把(ba)主控(kong)制單(dan)元和LCD的(de)(de)(de)(de)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)單(dan)元做在一個芯片(pian)上了），就(jiu)不需要(yao)再外接LCD的(de)(de)(de)(de)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)芯片(pian)了，的(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)英(ying)漢(han)2280的(de)(de)(de)(de)MCU就(jiu)是(shi)這(zhe)(zhe)樣。但(dan)大(da)(da)多數(shu)MCU不具備(bei)這(zhe)(zhe)種功能，都需要(yao)外接獨(du)立的(de)(de)(de)(de)LCD驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)芯片(pian)，如A系(xi)列等.有(you)關(guan)顯(xian)示方面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)具體介紹請參考LCD顯(xian)示原(yuan)理與(yu)維修部分。

6、發音部分

電子詞典的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)通常(chang)分(fen)為兩(liang)種，真人發(fa)(fa)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)和合(he)成(cheng)發(fa)(fa)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)。真人發(fa)(fa)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)是把(ba)要(yao)(yao)(yao)發(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)錄下來(lai)(lai)(lai)，進(jin)行(xing)壓縮處理存(cun)下來(lai)(lai)(lai)，發(fa)(fa)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)時候就先進(jin)行(xing)解壓縮，再播放(fang)出(chu)來(lai)(lai)(lai)。這種發(fa)(fa)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)方(fang)法占(zhan)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)存(cun)儲(chu)空(kong)間非常(chang)大(da)。發(fa)(fa)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)單(dan)(dan)詞(ci)的(de)(de)(de)(de)數量和所(suo)(suo)需的(de)(de)(de)(de)存(cun)儲(chu)空(kong)間是成(cheng)比例(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，能(neng)發(fa)(fa)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)單(dan)(dan)詞(ci)越(yue)(yue)多(duo)，所(suo)(suo)需空(kong)間越(yue)(yue)大(da)，機器(qi)成(cheng)本越(yue)(yue)高，但(dan)相對(dui)來(lai)(lai)(lai)說(shuo)，語音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)清晰(xi)一(yi)些。合(he)成(cheng)發(fa)(fa)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)簡(jian)單(dan)(dan)來(lai)(lai)(lai)說(shuo)是指單(dan)(dan)詞(ci)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)是由各(ge)(ge)部分(fen)合(he)成(cheng)而(er)來(lai)(lai)(lai)。不需要(yao)(yao)(yao)對(dui)每個單(dan)(dan)詞(ci)進(jin)行(xing)錄音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)，只(zhi)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)對(dui)各(ge)(ge)個音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)標(biao)（或者說(shuo)單(dan)(dan)詞(ci)的(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)(ge)部分(fen)）錄音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)，這些音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)標(biao)可以(yi)用在(zai)很多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)單(dan)(dan)詞(ci)里(li)面，音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)標(biao)只(zhi)有(you)那么多(duo)，所(suo)(suo)以(yi)相對(dui)來(lai)(lai)(lai)說(shuo)，他所(suo)(suo)占(zhan)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)存(cun)儲(chu)空(kong)間非常(chang)小。而(er)且幾乎所(suo)(suo)有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)單(dan)(dan)詞(ci)都可以(yi)發(fa)(fa)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)。這種發(fa)(fa)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)方(fang)法的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)音(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)質量相對(dui)來(lai)(lai)(lai)說(shuo)要(yao)(yao)(yao)差一(yi)點。