【收(shou)割(ge)(ge)機電(dian)(dian)池】收(shou)割(ge)(ge)機蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池充電(dian)(dian)注意(yi)事(shi)項 收(shou)割(ge)(ge)機電(dian)(dian)池應(ying)急(ji)維(wei)修方法

很多收割機車主都認為蓄電池是一個很簡單的部件，平時也不太注意維護保養，其實在收割機使(shi)用中，蓄電池也是重要的維護(hu)保養部件(jian)，馬虎(hu)不得。

蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)分快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)兩種， 一些收割機(ji)車主由于急于作業節省(sheng)時(shi)間(jian)，經常使(shi)(shi)用(yong)快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)只需3~5 小(xiao)時(shi)，其實(shi)快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)只是迅速(su)把(ba)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池表面激活(huo)(huo)，而實(shi)際上電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池內部(bu)是沒有完全充(chong)(chong)(chong)滿(man)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的。慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)為10~15 小(xiao)時(shi)，這樣可以(yi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)分激活(huo)(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池，使(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池內部(bu)也完全充(chong)(chong)(chong)滿(man)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。建(jian)議盡可能使(shi)(shi)用(yong)慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

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一、收割機蓄電池充電注意事項

1、充電時，蓄電池(chi)附(fu)近不能有火花，禁止(zhi)抽煙。

2、對一個(ge)或對多(duo)個(ge)蓄電(dian)池并聯充電(dian)時，充電(dian)器電(dian)壓不要超過16V。

3、將(jiang)充電器的(de)(de)正極(ji)線(xian)接在(zai)蓄電池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)正極(ji)柱(zhu)上(shang)(shang)，將(jiang)負極(ji)線(xian)接在(zai)蓄電池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)負極(ji)柱(zhu)上(shang)(shang)。

4、打(da)開充電(dian)(dian)器時，先設置(zhi)到最低電(dian)(dian)流，然后逐(zhu)漸提高電(dian)(dian)流，直至蓄電(dian)(dian)池開始接(jie)受電(dian)(dian)流。如果是一個深(shen)度(du)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)后的(de)蓄電(dian)(dian)池或(huo)是低溫下(xia)的(de)蓄電(dian)(dian)池，這一過程可能需要(yao)好幾分鐘。

5、如(ru)果蓄電(dian)(dian)池排氣口排出酸(suan)霧， 或蓄電(dian)(dian)池溫(wen)度超過了(le)52℃，充電(dian)(dian)需立(li)刻停止，這些現象表明該蓄電(dian)(dian)池已損(sun)壞，需要(yao)更換。

6.當電(dian)流(liu)降至1A 以下時或充電(dian)超過24 小時后，表示充電(dian)完成，可以停止充電(dian)。

二、收割機電池應急維修方法

田間作業中突遇蓄電(dian)池(chi)損壞是十分(fen)惱火(huo)的事(shi)， 常使開車人措(cuo)手不(bu)及(ji)。這里介紹2種(zhong)在行駛途中蓄電(dian)池(chi)損壞的應急維(wei)修方法。

1、蓄電池斷路

蓄電池斷(duan)(duan)(duan)路(lu)分為內斷(duan)(duan)(duan)路(lu)和外(wai)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)路(lu)。內斷(duan)(duan)(duan)路(lu)可(ke)以(yi)用(yong)試(shi)火的方式查找(zhao)出(chu)故障出(chu)在哪一格。從正(zheng)極(ji)樁(zhuang)柱(zhu)上(shang)引1 根導(dao)線(xian)，逐(zhu)一單格向后(hou)試(shi)火，有火無火之間為斷(duan)(duan)(duan)路(lu)處(chu)，用(yong)足夠粗的導(dao)線(xian)跨過斷(duan)(duan)(duan)路(lu)的單格即可(ke)發動。外(wai)部斷(duan)(duan)(duan)路(lu)時用(yong)眼能看出(chu)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)在哪一格，其解決方法是一樣的。

2、蓄電(dian)池樁(zhuang)頭斷掉

當(dang)蓄(xu)電池某一樁頭從膠木(mu)殼(ke)上(shang)(shang)面(mian)平(ping)齊(qi)斷掉(或低于膠木(mu)殼(ke)上(shang)(shang)平(ping)面(mian))時，可用(yong)搭(da)鐵(tie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)接在(zai)斷下的樁頭上(shang)(shang)，然后(hou)一人用(yong)力壓緊(jin)在(zai)斷茬(cha)上(shang)(shang)(這樣原電壓、容(rong)量不變)。待發動機起(qi)動后(hou)，再用(yong)1 根導線(xian)(xian)(xian)先將搭(da)鐵(tie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)接在(zai)斷樁頭那一格的另一樁柱(zhu)上(shang)(shang)，以保(bao)證收割機的正常用(yong)電和向蓄(xu)電池充(chong)電， 然后(hou)可以松手(shou)理順加固(gu)電線(xian)(xian)(xian)。不論何種急(ji)救(jiu)(jiu)方(fang)法，只能在(zai)作(zuo)業中急(ji)救(jiu)(jiu)時使用(yong)，完成作(zuo)業后(hou)一定要(yao)全(quan)面(mian)維修或更(geng)換，不得再勉強(qiang)使用(yong)。

三、收割機蓄電池日常維護保養

1、檢查蓄電池

使用(yong)過程中應經常清除(chu)蓄電(dian)(dian)池四周的灰塵(chen)泥土(tu)，極樁上和(he)導線(xian)接頭上的氧化物，擦(ca)去蓄電(dian)(dian)池蓋上的電(dian)(dian)解液，接線(xian)要牢(lao)固可(ke)靠。

經常檢查蓄(xu)電池(chi)在(zai)車上安(an)裝是否(fou)牢固，保(bao)證(zheng)導線(xian)接頭緊固，接觸(chu)良(liang)好。

2、禁止(zhi)長時間(jian)大(da)電(dian)流放電(dian)

起(qi)動(dong)發動(dong)機時(shi)，每(mei)次起(qi)動(dong)的時(shi)間不得超過(guo)5秒，相(xiang)鄰兩次起動(dong)之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)應(ying)間(jian)(jian)隔(ge)15秒，同(tong)時(shi)不得長時(shi)間鳴(ming)電喇叭。

3、不能大電流(liu)充電

發電(dian)機調(diao)(diao)節器電(dian)壓調(diao)(diao)節值應(ying)嚴(yan)格(ge)按規定調(diao)(diao)整。

實踐(jian)證(zheng)明，充(chong)電電壓(ya)增高10%，蓄電池壽命將縮短2／3

4、充足電

蓄電池(chi)應經常(chang)進行充電，保(bao)證(zheng)其(qi)在充足電的狀態下工作(zuo)，放(fang)完電的蓄電池(chi)應在24小時內充(chong)足電。

5、冬季使用

冬季使用(yong)蓄電池時(shi)，要特(te)別注意保持(chi)充足電狀態，以免電解(jie)液因相對密度降低(di)而結冰，致使殼體破裂。

6、儲存方法

蓄電(dian)(dian)池若三個月不用時，應將蓄電(dian)(dian)池充足(zu)電(dian)(dian)后放(fang)于(yu)陰(yin)涼通風處。同時要定期檢查電(dian)(dian)解液的(de)相對(dui)密度(du)，保持蓄電(dian)(dian)池處于(yu)充足(zu)電(dian)(dian)的(de)狀態。若長期不用，先將蓄電(dian)(dian)池以(yi)20小(xiao)時(shi)放電(dian)(dian)率(lv)放電(dian)(dian)，倒出電(dian)(dian)解液，用蒸餾水多次(ci)沖洗(xi)，直到水中無酸性，涼干后(hou)旋緊孔蓋，密封儲存。