電磁繼電器可以(yi)用低電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流控制高電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、強(qiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)路，還(huan)可實(shi)現遠(yuan)距離(li)操縱(zong)和生產(chan)自(zi)動化，在(zai)現代生活中起著越來(lai)越重要(yao)的作用。

二、電磁繼電器的工作原理

繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)器，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般指的(de)是(shi)電(dian)磁繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)器，也就(jiu)是(shi)機(ji)(ji)械動作那(nei)種。繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)器的(de)作用(yong)(yong)本(ben)(ben)質是(shi)用(yong)(yong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)回路(lu)（一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般是(shi)小電(dian)流(liu)）去(qu)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)另外一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)回路(lu)（一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般是(shi)大電(dian)流(liu)）的(de)通(tong)斷(duan)，而且這個(ge)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中，兩個(ge)回路(lu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般是(shi)隔離的(de)，它的(de)基本(ben)(ben)原(yuan)理，是(shi)利用(yong)(yong)了電(dian)磁效(xiao)應來控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)機(ji)(ji)械觸點達(da)到通(tong)斷(duan)目的(de)，給帶有鐵芯線圈通(tong)電(dian)-線圈電(dian)流(liu)產生磁場-磁場吸(xi)附銜鐵動作通(tong)斷(duan)觸點，整個(ge)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)是(shi)“小電(dian)流(liu)-磁-機(ji)(ji)械-大電(dian)流(liu)”這樣一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)。

只要(yao)在(zai)線圈兩端加上一定的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，線圈中(zhong)(zhong)就會(hui)流過一定的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，從而(er)產生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁效(xiao)應(ying)，銜鐵就會(hui)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁力吸(xi)引(yin)的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)下克服返回(hui)彈簧的(de)(de)(de)拉力吸(xi)向鐵芯，從而(er)帶動(dong)(dong)銜鐵的(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)觸點(dian)(dian)(dian)與靜(jing)觸點(dian)(dian)(dian)（常開觸點(dian)(dian)(dian)）吸(xi)合(he)。當(dang)線圈斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁的(de)(de)(de)吸(xi)力也隨之(zhi)消失，銜鐵就會(hui)在(zai)彈簧的(de)(de)(de)反作(zuo)用(yong)力返回(hui)原來的(de)(de)(de)位置，使動(dong)(dong)觸點(dian)(dian)(dian)與原來的(de)(de)(de)靜(jing)觸點(dian)(dian)(dian)（常閉觸點(dian)(dian)(dian)）釋放。這樣(yang)吸(xi)合(he)、釋放，從而(er)達(da)到了在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)導通、切斷(duan)的(de)(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)。對于(yu)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的(de)(de)(de)“常(chang)開(kai)(kai)、常(chang)閉”觸(chu)點(dian)，可以這樣來區分：繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)器線圈未通電(dian)(dian)時處(chu)于斷開(kai)(kai)狀態的靜(jing)觸(chu)點(dian)，稱為“常(chang)開(kai)(kai)觸(chu)點(dian)”；處(chu)于接(jie)通狀態的靜(jing)觸(chu)點(dian)稱為“常(chang)閉觸(chu)點(dian)”。

該圖片由注冊用戶"精靈世界"提供，版權聲明反饋

三、電磁繼電器的應用

防訊報警器：水位上漲(zhang)超過(guo)警戒(jie)線時，浮子上升，使控制電路(lu)接通，電磁(ci)鐵吸下銜鐵，于是報警器指(zhi)示燈(deng)電路(lu)接通，燈(deng)亮(liang)報警。

溫(wen)度自動(dong)報(bao)警器：當(dang)溫(wen)度升高到(dao)一(yi)定值(zhi)時，水(shui)銀(yin)(yin)溫(wen)度計中水(shui)銀(yin)(yin)面上升到(dao)金屬(shu)(shu)絲處，水(shui)銀(yin)(yin)是導(dao)體(ti)。因此將電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁鐵(tie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路接通，電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁鐵(tie)吸引彈簧片，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)鈴電(dian)(dian)(dian)路閉(bi)合(he)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)鈴響(xiang)報(bao)警，當(dang)溫(wen)度下(xia)降后，水(shui)銀(yin)(yin)面離開(kai)金屬(shu)(shu)絲，電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁鐵(tie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路斷(duan)開(kai)，彈簧片回原狀，電(dian)(dian)(dian)鈴電(dian)(dian)(dian)路斷(duan)開(kai)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)鈴不(bu)再發(fa)聲(sheng)。