一、電子膨脹閥的結構組成
空調系統設計中,電子膨脹閥作為(wei)電子控(kong)制元件,因其精度高,動作快速、準確、節能效果(guo)明(ming)顯等優點,應用廣泛,那(nei)么電子膨脹閥由什么組成呢?
電子膨脹閥有步(bu)進(jin)(jin)電機(ji)型(xing)(xing)和電磁(ci)線圈型(xing)(xing)兩種(zhong)結構(gou)形式,電磁(ci)線圈型(xing)(xing)嚴格地說(shuo)(shuo)是一種(zhong)電磁(ci)膨脹閥,家用空調、冰箱等(deng)(deng)制(zhi)冷設備中常(chang)說(shuo)(shuo)的電子膨脹閥通常(chang)指的是步(bu)進(jin)(jin)電機(ji)型(xing)(xing),由閥體、閥芯、波紋(wen)管、脈沖步(bu)進(jin)(jin)電機(ji)和傳動(dong)機(ji)構(gou)等(deng)(deng)部分組成:
1、閥(fa)體是(shi)指膨脹閥(fa)本身,由針閥(fa)、磁(ci)體及上下蓋(gai)等部(bu)件(jian)組成,針閥(fa)的開(kai)度(du)大(da)(da)小靠回氣過(guo)(guo)熱度(du)(通過(guo)(guo)回氣溫度(du)和壓力檢測得到)控制,過(guo)(guo)熱度(du)越(yue)大(da)(da)開(kai)度(du)越(yue)大(da)(da),過(guo)(guo)熱度(du)越(yue)小開(kai)度(du)也就越(yue)小。
2、波(bo)紋管將制(zhi)(zhi)冷劑(ji)通道與運動(dong)部件隔開(kai),以防制(zhi)(zhi)冷劑(ji)泄漏。
3、脈沖步進(jin)電機是驅動機構(gou),主要由線圈、支架、連接件(jian)等(deng)組成。
4、傳動(dong)(dong)機構(gou)的(de)作用是將電機的(de)旋轉運動(dong)(dong)轉變為閥芯的(de)往(wang)復(fu)運動(dong)(dong)。傳動(dong)(dong)機構(gou)有兩種(zhong),減速式傳動(dong)(dong)機構(gou)包括齒輪副(fu)(兩個(ge)相嚙合的(de)齒輪組(zu)成的(de)基本結(jie)構(gou))、羅紋副(fu)(利用螺紋旋合實現連接作用的(de)機械組(zu)合)、傳動(dong)(dong)桿等。直動(dong)(dong)式傳動(dong)(dong)機構(gou)沒有齒輪副(fu)。
二、電子膨脹閥的工作原理是什么
電子(zi)膨脹(zhang)閥(fa)是按照預(yu)設程(cheng)序(xu)調節(jie)蒸發(fa)器供液量,因屬于電子(zi)式(shi)調節(jie)模式(shi),故(gu)稱(cheng)為電子(zi)膨脹(zhang)閥(fa),它適應(ying)了制冷機電一體化的(de)發(fa)展要求,是一種很有發(fa)展前(qian)途(tu)的(de)自控節(jie)能元(yuan)件。目前(qian)電子(zi)膨脹(zhang)閥(fa)主(zhu)要有電磁式(shi)膨脹(zhang)閥(fa)和電動式(shi)膨脹(zhang)閥(fa)兩(liang)種,兩(liang)者的(de)工作原(yuan)理有些不同:
1、電磁式電子膨脹閥內部(bu)具(ju)有電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)線(xian)(xian)(xian)圈,通過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)線(xian)(xian)(xian)圈作為媒介來控制(zhi)系(xi)統流量(liang)。在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)線(xian)(xian)(xian)圈通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)之(zhi)前,閥(fa)針處于開啟(qi)狀(zhuang)態,在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)線(xian)(xian)(xian)圈通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)之(zhi)后,閥(fa)針的開啟(qi)程度由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)線(xian)(xian)(xian)圈上的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓來控制(zhi),由此,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)線(xian)(xian)(xian)圈的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓就控制(zhi)了膨脹(zhang)閥(fa)的流量(liang)。
2、電(dian)(dian)動式電(dian)(dian)子膨(peng)脹閥就(jiu)是利(li)用步(bu)進(jin)電(dian)(dian)機驅(qu)動的,該裝置通過給步(bu)進(jin)電(dian)(dian)機提供的邏輯(ji)數字(zi)信號來控制進(jin)內(nei)部的螺紋驅(qu)動閥針運動,由此實現閥門(men)流量(liang)與(yu)面積的控制。