一、過電壓保護器和避雷器的區別

過電壓保護(hu)器和(he)避雷器都(dou)是用于保護(hu)電氣設備(bei)的(de)重要裝置，但它們(men)的(de)工作(zuo)原(yuan)理和(he)作(zuo)用有所不同。

過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)是一種用(yong)(yong)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)力系(xi)(xi)統中(zhong)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設(she)(she)備(bei)保(bao)護(hu)的裝置，主要用(yong)(yong)于限制和消(xiao)除由(you)于系(xi)(xi)統中(zhong)出(chu)現過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)而對設(she)(she)備(bei)造(zao)成(cheng)的危害。過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)的工作原理是當系(xi)(xi)統電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)超過(guo)額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)時，過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)能(neng)夠(gou)及(ji)時引導(dao)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流，從而將過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的能(neng)量分散或吸收(shou)，以(yi)保(bao)護(hu)設(she)(she)備(bei)免受(shou)損壞。過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)通常安裝在(zai)設(she)(she)備(bei)的進(jin)線(xian)、母線(xian)和出(chu)線(xian)等位置，常用(yong)(yong)的過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)有金(jin)屬(shu)氧(yang)化(hua)物壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)敏電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻器(qi)（MO），氣體放電(dian)(dian)(dian)管（GDT）、硅控(kong)整(zheng)流二極(ji)管（SCR）等。

而避雷器則是一種(zhong)用(yong)于保護(hu)電(dian)氣設備和(he)人(ren)員免受(shou)雷(lei)(lei)擊(ji)危害(hai)的(de)裝置(zhi)。它是一種(zhong)帶有阻抗特性的(de)電(dian)氣元件，能夠在雷(lei)(lei)擊(ji)時將雷(lei)(lei)電(dian)能量引向大地。避(bi)雷(lei)(lei)器的(de)工(gong)作原(yuan)理是將雷(lei)(lei)電(dian)通過特殊(shu)的(de)構造引向大地，防止雷(lei)(lei)電(dian)進入電(dian)氣設備和(he)建筑物。常用(yong)的(de)避(bi)雷(lei)(lei)器有針式避(bi)雷(lei)(lei)器和(he)金(jin)屬氧化物避(bi)雷(lei)(lei)器。

因此，過(guo)電(dian)壓(ya)保護(hu)器(qi)和避雷(lei)器(qi)都是用(yong)于保護(hu)電(dian)氣設備的(de)裝置，但過(guo)電(dian)壓(ya)保護(hu)器(qi)主要用(yong)于限制和消(xiao)除系統(tong)中出現過(guo)電(dian)壓(ya)而對設備造成的(de)危(wei)害，而避雷(lei)器(qi)主要用(yong)于保護(hu)電(dian)氣設備和人員免受雷(lei)擊危(wei)害。

二、過電壓保護器和避雷器能相互替換么

根據(ju)二者(zhe)的不(bu)同作(zuo)用，可以得知(zhi)過電壓保護器和避(bi)雷器并不(bu)是(shi)相互(hu)替代的兩個產(chan)品，它們之間各司其職，相互(hu)補充。

在(zai)(zai)需要(yao)進(jin)行防雷(lei)保(bao)護(hu)的(de)(de)場合(he)，二者可以同時(shi)安(an)裝(zhuang)，達到更好(hao)的(de)(de)保(bao)護(hu)效果。但(dan)是需要(yao)注意，二者的(de)(de)安(an)裝(zhuang)位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)應(ying)該(gai)分別確定，不能安(an)裝(zhuang)在(zai)(zai)同一個位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)。在(zai)(zai)具體操作時(shi)，應(ying)該(gai)先安(an)裝(zhuang)避雷(lei)器(qi)，然后再安(an)裝(zhuang)過電(dian)壓保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)。