一、過電壓保護器和避雷器的區別
過電壓(ya)保(bao)護器和避(bi)雷器都是用(yong)于保(bao)護電氣設備的(de)重要裝置,但它們(men)的(de)工作(zuo)原理和作(zuo)用(yong)有所不同。
過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護器(qi)是(shi)一種(zhong)用于電(dian)(dian)力系統中(zhong)的(de)電(dian)(dian)氣設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護的(de)裝(zhuang)置,主要(yao)用于限制和消(xiao)除由于系統中(zhong)出現過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)而(er)對(dui)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)造成的(de)危害。過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護器(qi)的(de)工作原(yuan)理是(shi)當(dang)系統電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)超過(guo)(guo)額定電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)時,過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護器(qi)能(neng)夠及時引導過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)流,從而(er)將過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)能(neng)量分散(san)或(huo)吸收,以保(bao)(bao)(bao)護設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)免受損壞。過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護器(qi)通常(chang)安(an)裝(zhuang)在設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)的(de)進線(xian)(xian)、母線(xian)(xian)和出線(xian)(xian)等(deng)位置,常(chang)用的(de)過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護器(qi)有金屬氧化(hua)物壓(ya)敏電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)器(qi)(MO),氣體放電(dian)(dian)管(GDT)、硅控整流二極管(SCR)等(deng)。
而避雷器則是一種用于保(bao)護電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設備和(he)人員(yuan)免受雷(lei)(lei)擊危害的(de)(de)裝置。它是一種帶有(you)阻抗(kang)特性的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣元件,能(neng)夠在雷(lei)(lei)擊時將(jiang)雷(lei)(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)量引向大地。避(bi)(bi)雷(lei)(lei)器(qi)的(de)(de)工(gong)作原理是將(jiang)雷(lei)(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)通過特殊的(de)(de)構造引向大地,防止雷(lei)(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)進入電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設備和(he)建筑(zhu)物。常(chang)用的(de)(de)避(bi)(bi)雷(lei)(lei)器(qi)有(you)針式(shi)避(bi)(bi)雷(lei)(lei)器(qi)和(he)金屬氧化物避(bi)(bi)雷(lei)(lei)器(qi)。
因此,過電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)保(bao)護(hu)器和避雷(lei)器都(dou)是用于(yu)保(bao)護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設(she)(she)備的(de)裝置,但過電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)保(bao)護(hu)器主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)用于(yu)限制和消除系統中(zhong)出現過電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)而對設(she)(she)備造成的(de)危害,而避雷(lei)器主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)用于(yu)保(bao)護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設(she)(she)備和人員免受雷(lei)擊(ji)危害。
二、過電壓保護器和避雷器能相互替換么
根據二者的不同作用,可以得(de)知過電(dian)壓保護器和避雷器并不是相互替代的兩個產品,它們之間各司其職,相互補充。
在需(xu)要進行(xing)防雷(lei)保護的(de)場合,二(er)者可以同時安(an)(an)裝(zhuang),達到更好(hao)的(de)保護效果。但是(shi)需(xu)要注意,二(er)者的(de)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)位(wei)置(zhi)應該(gai)(gai)分(fen)別確定,不(bu)能安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)在同一(yi)個位(wei)置(zhi)。在具體操作時,應該(gai)(gai)先安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)避雷(lei)器,然后(hou)再安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)過電(dian)壓保護器。