縫紉機有哪些種類

1、按用途分類

可分為家用縫紉機、服(fu)務行業用縫紉(ren)(ren)機(ji)和工業用縫紉(ren)(ren)機(ji)三種。

2、按線跡分類

可分(fen)為單線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)鎖(suo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)、雙線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)鎖(suo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)、單線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)鏈式(shi)(shi)(shi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)、雙線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)鏈式(shi)(shi)(shi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)、多(duo)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)包邊鏈式(shi)(shi)(shi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)、多(duo)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)覆蓋鏈式(shi)(shi)(shi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)、三線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)包縫線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)、雙線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)復合鏈鎖(suo)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)、仿(fang)手縫線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)和無線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)十種。

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3、按勾線機構分類

可分為(wei)擺(bai)梭(suo)勾(gou)線、旋梭(suo)勾(gou)線、單彎針勾(gou)線、雙(shuang)彎針勾(gou)線和旋轉勾(gou)線五種(zhong)。

4、按挑線機構分類

可(ke)分為針桿(gan)(gan)(gan)挑(tiao)(tiao)線(xian)、凸輪(lun)挑(tiao)(tiao)線(xian)、連桿(gan)(gan)(gan)挑(tiao)(tiao)線(xian)、滑(hua)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)挑(tiao)(tiao)線(xian)、復動擺桿(gan)(gan)(gan)挑(tiao)(tiao)線(xian)、旋轉挑(tiao)(tiao)線(xian)和齒輪(lun)挑(tiao)(tiao)線(xian)七(qi)種。

縫紉機的縫合原理是什么

縫(feng)(feng)紉(ren)機的(de)(de)核(he)心是線圈縫(feng)(feng)合系(xi)統(tong)，其(qi)線圈縫(feng)(feng)合方法與(yu)普通手(shou)工縫(feng)(feng)紉(ren)差異很大(da)，在(zai)(zai)機針(zhen)上(shang)(shang)，針(zhen)眼就在(zai)(zai)尖(jian)頭的(de)(de)后(hou)面，而不是在(zai)(zai)針(zhen)的(de)(de)尾(wei)端。縫(feng)(feng)紉(ren)機只需將(jiang)針(zhen)部分(fen)穿(chuan)過(guo)(guo)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物，針(zhen)固定在(zai)(zai)針(zhen)桿(gan)上(shang)(shang)，針(zhen)桿(gan)由電機通過(guo)(guo)一(yi)系(xi)列的(de)(de)齒(chi)輪和凸輪牽引做(zuo)上(shang)(shang)下(xia)運動。當(dang)針(zhen)的(de)(de)尖(jian)端穿(chuan)過(guo)(guo)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物時(shi)，它在(zai)(zai)一(yi)面向另一(yi)面拉出一(yi)個小線圈。織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物下(xia)面的(de)(de)一(yi)個裝置會抓住(zhu)這個線圈，然后(hou)將(jiang)其(qi)包(bao)住(zhu)另一(yi)根線或者(zhe)同一(yi)根線的(de)(de)另一(yi)個線圈。

最簡(jian)單(dan)的(de)(de)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)縫(feng)合是鏈(lian)式縫(feng)合，若(ruo)要縫(feng)出鏈(lian)式縫(feng)合，縫(feng)紉機會(hui)在(zai)(zai)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)后面(mian)用(yong)相同長(chang)度的(de)(de)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)打環。織物位(wei)于(yu)針(zhen)(zhen)下面(mian)的(de)(de)一(yi)塊(kuai)金屬板上，用(yong)壓腳固定。每次(ci)縫(feng)合開始時(shi)(shi)，針(zhen)(zhen)穿(chuan)過(guo)(guo)織物拉(la)(la)出一(yi)個線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)，而一(yi)個做線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)裝(zhuang)置在(zai)(zai)針(zhen)(zhen)拉(la)(la)出前抓住線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)，該裝(zhuang)置與針(zhen)(zhen)同步運動。一(yi)旦針(zhen)(zhen)拉(la)(la)出織物，送布牙裝(zhuang)置就會(hui)將織物往前拉(la)(la)。當針(zhen)(zhen)再(zai)次(ci)穿(chuan)過(guo)(guo)織物時(shi)(shi)，新的(de)(de)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)將直接穿(chuan)過(guo)(guo)前一(yi)個線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)中間。做線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)裝(zhuang)置會(hui)再(zai)次(ci)抓住線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，圍(wei)繞下一(yi)個線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)做線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)。這樣，每個線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)都(dou)會(hui)把下一(yi)個線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)固定到(dao)位(wei)。

鏈式縫(feng)(feng)合的(de)主要(yao)優點是(shi)(shi)可以縫(feng)(feng)得非常快(kuai)，但是(shi)(shi)，它不是(shi)(shi)特(te)別地結實(shi)，如果線(xian)的(de)一端松開，可能整個縫(feng)(feng)紉會全部松脫。大多數縫(feng)(feng)紉機使用一種更結實(shi)的(de)縫(feng)(feng)線(xian)，叫做鎖縫(feng)(feng)。

鎖縫裝(zhuang)置最重要的元件是(shi)(shi)(shi)擺梭(suo)鉤和線(xian)軸(zhou)(zhou)組件。線(xian)軸(zhou)(zhou)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)放在織物下面的一(yi)(yi)(yi)卷線(xian)。它(ta)(ta)位于擺梭(suo)的中(zhong)央，后者在電機(ji)的帶動(dong)下旋轉(zhuan)，與針的運動(dong)同步。與鏈(lian)式縫合(he)(he)相同，針穿(chuan)過織物拉出一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)線(xian)圈，在送布牙(ya)向(xiang)前移動(dong)織物的同時(shi)它(ta)(ta)再次升起(qi)(qi)，然后將(jiang)(jiang)另(ling)外一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)線(xian)圈套入(ru)。不(bu)過，這種縫合(he)(he)機(ji)制不(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)將(jiang)(jiang)不(bu)同的線(xian)圈連接在一(yi)(yi)(yi)起(qi)(qi)，而是(shi)(shi)(shi)將(jiang)(jiang)它(ta)(ta)們與從線(xian)軸(zhou)(zhou)上(shang)松(song)開(kai)的另(ling)一(yi)(yi)(yi)段線(xian)連接起(qi)(qi)來。

縫紉機的組成部件有哪些

一般縫(feng)紉機(ji)(ji)(ji)都(dou)由(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)頭(tou)、機(ji)(ji)(ji)座(zuo)、傳(chuan)動和附件(jian)四(si)部分組成。機(ji)(ji)(ji)頭(tou)是縫(feng)紉機(ji)(ji)(ji)的主要部分。它由(you)刺料、鉤線(xian)、挑線(xian)、送料四(si)個機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)和繞線(xian)、壓料、落牙(ya)等輔助機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)組成，各機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)的運動合(he)理地配(pei)合(he)，循環工作，把縫(feng)料縫(feng)合(he)起來。

機座分為臺(tai)板(ban)和機箱(xiang)兩(liang)種形式(shi)(shi)。臺(tai)板(ban)式(shi)(shi)機座的臺(tai)板(ban)起著支承(cheng)機頭(tou)的作用(yong)，縫紉(ren)操作時當(dang)作工(gong)作臺(tai)用(yong)。臺(tai)板(ban)有多種式(shi)(shi)樣(yang)，有一斗或多斗摺藏(zang)式(shi)(shi)、柜式(shi)(shi)、寫字臺(tai)式(shi)(shi)等。機箱(xiang)式(shi)(shi)機座的機箱(xiang)起著支承(cheng)和貯藏(zang)機頭(tou)的作用(yong)，使縫紉(ren)機便(bian)于攜(xie)帶和保管(guan)。

縫紉機的傳動部分由機(ji)(ji)架、手搖(yao)器(qi)或電動機(ji)(ji)等部件(jian)構成。機(ji)(ji)架是(shi)機(ji)(ji)器(qi)的支(zhi)柱，支(zhi)承著(zhu)臺板和腳踏(ta)板。使用時操(cao)作者踩動腳踏(ta)板，通過(guo)(guo)曲柄帶動皮(pi)帶輪的旋轉，又通過(guo)(guo)皮(pi)帶帶動機(ji)(ji)頭旋轉。手搖(yao)器(qi)或電動機(ji)(ji)多數直接裝(zhuang)在(zai)機(ji)(ji)頭上(shang)。

縫紉機的附件包(bao)括機針、梭心、螺絲刀、油壺(hu)等。