天鵝絨是什么面料

天(tian)鵝(e)絨(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)，即(ji)漳絨(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)。因(yin)起源于中國福建省漳州地區而得名。明(ming)代已有大量生產，是中國傳(chuan)統織(zhi)物之(zhi)一。天(tian)鵝(e)絨(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)素(su)來是傳(chuan)統的(de)(de)秋裝(zhuang)流行(xing)面料(liao)，它(ta)奢華的(de)(de)氣質和(he)豐富的(de)(de)紋(wen)(wen)理營造出(chu)魔法般的(de)(de)時(shi)尚氛圍。天(tian)鵝(e)絨(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)面料(liao)均采用高配以上(shang)的(de)(de)優質棉紗制成(cheng)(cheng)，主要有素(su)色、印(yin)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、提(ti)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)和(he)抽(chou)條、色織(zhi)以及(ji)爛花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)幾(ji)個系列。素(su)天(tian)鵝(e)絨(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)表(biao)面全部(bu)絨(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)圈(quan)，花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)天(tian)鵝(e)絨(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)則是將(jiang)部(bu)分(fen)絨(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)圈(quan)按花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)紋(wen)(wen)割斷成(cheng)(cheng)絨(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)毛，使絨(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)毛與絨(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)圈(quan)相間，構成(cheng)(cheng)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)紋(wen)(wen)。天(tian)鵝(e)絨(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)的(de)(de)絨(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)毛或(huo)絨(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)圈(quan)緊密聳立，色光(guang)文雅，堅牢耐(nai)磨，可用于制做服裝(zhuang)、帽(mao)子和(he)裝(zhuang)飾物。

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天鵝絨(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)，在明清(qing)兩代最為興盛，有花(hua)(hua)(hua)天鵝絨(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)和素天鵝絨(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)二種。花(hua)(hua)(hua)天鵝絨(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)是(shi)指將(jiang)部分絨(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)圈按花(hua)(hua)(hua)紋(wen)割(ge)斷(duan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)絨(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)毛，使之與未斷(duan)的線(xian)圈聯(lian)同構成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)紋(wen)樣；而(er)素天鵝絨(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)則(ze)其(qi)表面(mian)全為絨(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)圈。一(yi)般天鵝絨(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)用蠶絲(si)作原料或(huo)作經線(xian)，以(yi)棉紗作緯線(xian)，再以(yi)桑蠶絲(si)(或(huo)人(ren)造(zao)絲(si))起絨(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)圈。織(zhi)造(zao)時，每織(zhi)四(si)根(gen)絨(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)線(xian)便織(zhi)入(ru)一(yi)根(gen)起絨(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)桿(即(ji)細鐵(tie)絲(si))，織(zhi)到(dao)一(yi)定長(chang)度時即(ji)在機(ji)上用割(ge)刀沿(yan)鐵(tie)絲(si)剖(pou)割(ge)，即(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)毛絨(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)。毛絨(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)如何起是(shi)依紋(wen)樣設計。構成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)織(zhi)物(wu)的紋(wen)樣有兩種形式：一(yi)是(shi)絨(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)花(hua)(hua)(hua)緞地(di)、即(ji)漳(zhang)緞；一(yi)是(shi)絨(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)地(di)緞花(hua)(hua)(hua)，即(ji)天鵝絨(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)。其(qi)特點是(shi)少有織(zhi)地(di)，有單、雙色，或(huo)嵌金銀(yin)線(xian)

天鵝絨面料的優缺點

一、優點

1、天鵝絨絨毛豐滿，質地細膩，手(shou)感(gan)柔軟，穿著舒適，美觀大方。有彈性(xing)，不(bu)掉毛，不(bu)起球，吸水(shui)性(xing)能(neng)好，是全棉產品的(de)三倍，而且對皮膚無任(ren)何(he)刺激(ji)。

2、天鵝(e)絨的(de)絨毛或絨圈(quan)緊密聳立，色光文雅，織物(wu)堅牢耐磨，不易褪色，回力彈性好。

3、天鵝絨產(chan)品要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)品級要(yao)(yao)高、線密度(du)(du)要(yao)(yao)小、長(chang)度(du)(du)長(chang)、成熟(shu)度(du)(du)好的(de)細長(chang)絨優質棉。

4、天鵝絨細膩的(de)觸感、流通的(de)垂墜感和高雅(ya)的(de)光澤(ze)依然是其他布料無(wu)法比擬的(de)，因而一(yi)直是時裝(zhuang)描繪師們華貴布中的(de)摯愛(ai)挑選。

二、缺點

1、不經意地堆疊天鵝絨(rong)(rong)服(fu)裝，很容易損壞絨(rong)(rong)毛的天然走向，很難康復，容易有靜電(dian)。

2、因為(wei)天(tian)鵝絨(rong)本身(shen)的特(te)性，表面為(wei)密(mi)密(mi)麻麻的小絨(rong)毛組成，在(zai)面料(liao)生產及(ji)加(jia)工過程中(zhong)(zhong)，會(hui)殘留一些小絨(rong)毛顆粒在(zai)衣(yi)服上(shang)，這是不可避免(mian)。一般在(zai)前幾次(ci)的洗滌中(zhong)(zhong)會(hui)沖(chong)洗出來，尤其(qi)是黑(hei)色、寶藍(lan)、碳(tan)灰等深色系的衣(yi)服會(hui)特(te)別(bie)明顯一些。