壽山石是玉石嗎
壽(shou)山石以(yi)地名命名,雕起源于(yu)南朝(chao),在唐宋時(shi)興起,元明時(shi)成(cheng)熟,盛(sheng)于(yu)清朝(chao),在當代又(you)得到了復(fu)興。壽山石(shi)是玉(yu)石(shi),因(yin)為(wei)壽山石(shi)的主(zhu)要礦物組成(cheng)為(wei)高嶺石(shi)族礦物,屬于天然多(duo)晶質寶石(shi)。
壽山石的寓意和象征
壽(shou)山石(shi)(shi)寓(yu)(yu)意(yi)著長壽(shou)如(ru)山,人(ren)們比德于石(shi)(shi),象征著堅貞(zhen)不變的(de)品(pin)德;壽(shou)山石(shi)(shi)寓(yu)(yu)意(yi)著愛(ai)意(yi),每(mei)種壽(shou)山石(shi)(shi)都有其獨(du)特(te)的(de)特(te)征,象征著愿意(yi)為了所愛(ai)之人(ren)付出一切;壽(shou)山石(shi)(shi)寓(yu)(yu)意(yi)著堅強,它用(yong)漫長的(de)時間(jian)來修行(xing),象征著永不言敗的(de)精神。
壽山石的種類
壽(shou)山(shan)石(shi)在寶石(shi)和(he)彩(cai)石(shi)學中,是屬于彩(cai)石(shi)大(da)類(lei)的巖(yan)石(shi)亞類(lei),它的種(zhong)屬,石(shi)名都很復雜,約有一(yi)百多個品種(zhong)。按傳(chuan)統習慣壽(shou)山(shan)石(shi)的總目(mu)一(yi)般可主(zhu)要分為(wei)“田(tian)坑(keng)”、“水坑(keng)”和(he)“山(shan)坑(keng)”三(san)大(da)類(lei)。因(yin)為(wei)產于田(tian)底,又多現黃色,故稱為(wei)田(tian)坑(keng)石(shi)或田(tian)黃。
壽(shou)山(shan)田(tian)黃(huang)凍(dong)石(shi):田(tian)黃(huang)凍(dong)石(shi)是壽(shou)山(shan)田(tian)黃(huang)石(shi)中的(de)珍(zhen)品,田(tian)黃(huang)凍(dong)石(shi)通(tong)體明透(tou),似凝固的(de)蜂(feng)蜜,潤(run)澤無比。
桃(tao)花凍石:質微透(tou)明,色多白、黃,中(zhong)帶細密(mi)的紅點,深淺大小不一,疏密(mi)有(you)致,聚散(san)有(you)情,濃淡掩映(ying),點點分(fen)明,光彩(cai)奪目,嬌艷(yan)欲流(liu),似三月桃(tao)花散(san)落水上,凝而(er)視之,似動非(fei)動,如花飄(piao)靜水。
芙(fu)(fu)蓉(rong)(rong)凍(dong)石(shi):芙(fu)(fu)蓉(rong)(rong)凍(dong)石(shi)凝結脂潤(run)、細膩(ni)純凈,按照凍(dong)石(shi)質地(di)主要有:白(bai)芙(fu)(fu)蓉(rong)(rong)石(shi)、黃芙(fu)(fu)蓉(rong)(rong)石(shi)、五彩芙(fu)(fu)蓉(rong)(rong)石(shi)、紅芙(fu)(fu)蓉(rong)(rong)石(shi)、青(qing)芙(fu)(fu)蓉(rong)(rong)石(shi)、綠芙(fu)(fu)蓉(rong)(rong)石(shi)、竹(zhu)頭窩芙(fu)(fu)蓉(rong)(rong)石(shi)、瓷白(bai)芙(fu)(fu)蓉(rong)(rong)等,產(chan)地(di)主要是將軍洞、上洞、天面洞、半(ban)山芙(fu)(fu)蓉(rong)(rong)石(shi)等。
荔(li)(li)(li)(li)枝(zhi)(zhi)凍(dong)石(shi)(shi):荔(li)(li)(li)(li)枝(zhi)(zhi)凍(dong)石(shi)(shi)的石(shi)(shi)性(xing)凝結,透明度(du)強(qiang),晶瑩透澈(che),紅(hong)、黃(huang)(huang)(huang)、白、黑等各色(se)俱(ju)有(you),艷(yan)麗無比,肌里有(you)粗(cu)蘿卜絲紋,有(you)些原石(shi)(shi)還有(you)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)色(se)皮。荔(li)(li)(li)(li)枝(zhi)(zhi)凍(dong)石(shi)(shi)分為老性(xing)荔(li)(li)(li)(li)枝(zhi)(zhi)、新性(xing)荔(li)(li)(li)(li)枝(zhi)(zhi)凍(dong)石(shi)(shi)、紅(hong)荔(li)(li)(li)(li)枝(zhi)(zhi)、黃(huang)(huang)(huang)荔(li)(li)(li)(li)枝(zhi)(zhi)、紅(hong)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)荔(li)(li)(li)(li)枝(zhi)(zhi)、純白荔(li)(li)(li)(li)枝(zhi)(zhi)。
牛角凍(dong)石(shi)(shi):牛角凍(dong)石(shi)(shi)也是壽山石(shi)(shi)的(de)一種(zhong),因色澤似牛角而得(de)名。牛角凍(dong)石(shi)(shi)質(zhi)地通(tong)靈,肌(ji)理(li)隱(yin)存(cun)水(shui)流紋(wen)(wen),紋(wen)(wen)色濃淡交錯,黑(hei)中(zhong)(zhong)帶赭,色如黑(hei)牛角,肌(ji)理(li)隱(yin)含灰色或(huo)灰黑(hei)色的(de)棉花紋(wen)(wen),其中(zhong)(zhong)以羊脂凍(dong)最好(hao)。
魚(yu)腦(nao)(nao)凍(dong)石(shi):魚(yu)腦(nao)(nao)凍(dong)石(shi)也(ye)是壽山石(shi)的(de)(de)一(yi)種,魚(yu)腦(nao)(nao)凍(dong)石(shi) 石(shi)質溫潤瑩潔,半(ban)透明,肌理(li)隱含(han)棉花紋,產量稀少(shao),十分難得,是水坑中的(de)(de)珍(zhen)品。
天(tian)藍凍石:天(tian)藍凍石,顏色(se)蔚藍帶白或黃,肌理有黑(hei)點和棉花紋,如云霞朵(duo)朵(duo)。
環(huan)(huan)(huan)凍(dong)石(shi):環(huan)(huan)(huan)凍(dong)石(shi)是因為壽(shou)山石(shi)上(shang)有(you)單環(huan)(huan)(huan)、雙(shuang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)乃(nai)至多環(huan)(huan)(huan)相連,布滿石(shi)面。以(yi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)紋(wen)清晰、圓(yuan)圈色灰白(bai)或深(shen)灰,經油浸漬后或變淡或反增濃(nong)是好的環(huan)(huan)(huan)凍(dong)石(shi)。
水晶凍(dong)石:水晶凍(dong)石是(shi)因(yin)為這種壽(shou)山石透明度(du)好,沒有渾濁(zhuo)感,如水晶一(yi)樣晶瑩(ying)剔(ti)透,所以因(yin)此得名。
大紅(hong)(hong)(hong)袍雞(ji)血(xue)凍(dong)石(shi):大紅(hong)(hong)(hong)袍雞(ji)血(xue)凍(dong)石(shi)的紅(hong)(hong)(hong)色有鮮紅(hong)(hong)(hong)、大紅(hong)(hong)(hong)、淡紅(hong)(hong)(hong)、暗(an)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)、深紅(hong)(hong)(hong)等,一(yi)般以(yi)鮮艷的紅(hong)(hong)(hong)色為(wei)上品(pin),凍(dong)石(shi)質(zhi)地細膩、油潤(run)、微透明至半透明為(wei)佳品(pin)。
鱔(shan)草(cao)凍石:鱔(shan)草(cao)凍產于坑頭洞,質地清靈,色(se)蟹(xie)青中略(lve)帶微黃,肌(ji)理含細點,類(lei)似鱔(shan)魚之背脊。或色(se)灰(hui)白(bai),呈半透明(ming)體,內(nei)現條條粗紋,狀如水底飄蕩(dang)的草(cao)葉,或寥寥數(shu)片,或滿(man)石密布。鱔(shan)草(cao)凍石石質凝膩,凈潔如玉,色(se)光而(er)通(tong)靈,是壽山(shan)石凍石精品品種(zhong)。
豹(bao)皮凍:豹(bao)皮凍是因為壽山石肌(ji)理里有隱(yin)隱(yin)約(yue)約(yue)的豹(bao)紋而得名。