一、電動叉車用的是什么電池

電動叉車是指以電來進行作業的叉車，根據使用的電池不同可分為不同類型，一般電動叉車使用的電池有三種：

1、鉛酸電池

鉛酸(suan)(suan)(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)叉車(che)最傳(chuan)統且常用(yong)(yong)(yong)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)類(lei)型之(zhi)一，它采用(yong)(yong)(yong)鉛板和(he)硫酸(suan)(suan)(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解液，具有較(jiao)低(di)的能量(liang)密度和(he)比能量(liang)，但相對較(jiao)低(di)的成本(ben)。鉛酸(suan)(suan)(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的優點是成熟、穩定，使用(yong)(yong)(yong)壽命長，同時可以循(xun)環充放電(dian)(dian)(dian)多次。然而，鉛酸(suan)(suan)(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)存在重量(liang)大、充電(dian)(dian)(dian)時間長、自放電(dian)(dian)(dian)快等缺點，影響了電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)叉車(che)的使用(yong)(yong)(yong)效率和(he)續航能力。

2、鋰電池

鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池作為新興的電(dian)(dian)池技(ji)術，逐漸在電(dian)(dian)動叉車領域嶄露頭角。鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池具(ju)有(you)較高(gao)的能(neng)量密度和(he)比(bi)能(neng)量，相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)于鉛酸電(dian)(dian)池而(er)言，具(ju)有(you)更輕(qing)的重量和(he)更長的使(shi)用時(shi)間。同時(shi)，鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池還具(ju)有(you)無記憶效應、快速(su)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)等優點，可以有(you)效提高(gao)電(dian)(dian)動叉車的工作效率。然而(er)，鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池價格相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)較高(gao)，使(shi)用過(guo)程中需要注(zhu)意防止(zhi)過(guo)度放電(dian)(dian)和(he)過(guo)度充(chong)電(dian)(dian)，以避(bi)免安全事故發生。

3、燃料電池

燃料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)池(chi)也是(shi)電(dian)動(dong)叉(cha)車中的(de)新興動(dong)力源。燃料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)池(chi)利(li)用氫(qing)氣和(he)氧(yang)氣反應產生電(dian)能，無需(xu)充(chong)電(dian)，只需(xu)添(tian)加(jia)燃料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)即可。燃料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)池(chi)具(ju)有快速充(chong)電(dian)、零排放等優(you)點，能夠滿足電(dian)動(dong)叉(cha)車在(zai)長(chang)時間工(gong)(gong)作和(he)高強度(du)工(gong)(gong)作的(de)需(xu)求。然而，燃料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)池(chi)技術目前還不夠成(cheng)(cheng)熟，相關設備和(he)燃料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)供(gong)應鏈的(de)建設也存在(zai)一定難度(du)和(he)成(cheng)(cheng)本。

二、鋰電池叉車比鉛酸電池叉車的優勢在哪

鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)和鉛酸電(dian)池(chi)(chi)是(shi)電(dian)動叉(cha)(cha)車使用比(bi)較多(duo)的兩(liang)種(zhong)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)，鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)叉(cha)(cha)車和鉛酸電(dian)池(chi)(chi)叉(cha)(cha)車對比(bi)起(qi)來(lai)，主要優勢在于以(yi)下(xia)幾(ji)個方(fang)面：

1、充電速度快

鋰電(dian)(dian)池(chi)依靠自身的(de)化學特性，滿足(zu)更(geng)快的(de)充電(dian)(dian)速(su)度要(yao)求(qiu)，從10%~100%充電(dian)(dian)時長只(zhi)需(xu)(xu)2h。而鉛(qian)酸電(dian)(dian)池(chi)從20%~100%充電(dian)(dian)時長需(xu)(xu)要(yao)8-10h。

2、充電無記憶

鋰電池叉車的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)無記憶(yi)特性使得電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)能夠進行(xing)隨機(ji)、間歇(xie)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，而不影響壽命，使用(yong)(yong)者(zhe)可以(yi)高效的利用(yong)(yong)工(gong)歇(xie)和休息時間進行(xing)電(dian)(dian)量補充(chong)(chong)，方(fang)便使用(yong)(yong)者(zhe)進行(xing)工(gong)作(zuo)統籌。鉛(qian)酸電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)有充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)記憶(yi)，如進行(xing)隨機(ji)或間歇(xie)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，嚴重損害電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，縮(suo)短電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽命，因(yin)此(ci)一(yi)般需要20%-100%滿充(chong)(chong)滿放，定期進行(xing)均衡(heng)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。

3、使用壽命長

鉛酸(suan)電池(chi)(chi)平均1200次(ci)(ci)（作(zuo)業時長約6000h）的循環壽命(ming)，磷(lin)酸(suan)鐵鋰電池(chi)(chi)則有著4000+次(ci)(ci)（作(zuo)業時長約24000h）循環壽命(ming)。在實(shi)際使用(yong)中，磷(lin)酸(suan)鐵鋰電池(chi)(chi)使用(yong)4000+次(ci)(ci)后(hou)仍擁(yong)有65%以上容(rong)(rong)量(liang)，而鉛酸(suan)電池(chi)(chi)使用(yong)1200次(ci)(ci)后(hou)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)不足50%。

4、放電溫度區間廣

在-20度(du)到60度(du)之(zhi)間的(de)(de)高溫或低溫狀(zhuang)態下，鋰(li)電池(chi)都具備良(liang)好的(de)(de)放(fang)(fang)電性(xing)能，在-20度(du)的(de)(de)情況下，鋰(li)電池(chi)的(de)(de)放(fang)(fang)電效(xiao)率為80%~90%，而鉛酸電池(chi)放(fang)(fang)電效(xiao)率不足30%。