一、電動叉車用的是什么電池
電動叉車是指以電來進行作業的叉車,根據使用的電池不同可分為不同類型,一般電動叉車使用的電池有三種:
1、鉛酸電池
鉛(qian)酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)池是電(dian)(dian)動叉車最傳統且(qie)常用的(de)電(dian)(dian)池類型之一,它采用鉛(qian)板和(he)(he)硫酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)液,具有較低的(de)能(neng)量密度和(he)(he)比能(neng)量,但(dan)相(xiang)對較低的(de)成本。鉛(qian)酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)池的(de)優(you)點是成熟、穩定,使(shi)(shi)用壽命長(chang),同(tong)時可以(yi)循(xun)環充放電(dian)(dian)多次。然而,鉛(qian)酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)池存在(zai)重量大(da)、充電(dian)(dian)時間長(chang)、自放電(dian)(dian)快等缺(que)點,影響了電(dian)(dian)動叉車的(de)使(shi)(shi)用效率和(he)(he)續航能(neng)力。
2、鋰電池
鋰電(dian)(dian)池(chi)作為(wei)新興的(de)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)技術,逐漸在電(dian)(dian)動叉車領域嶄露頭(tou)角。鋰電(dian)(dian)池(chi)具有(you)較高(gao)的(de)能(neng)量密度(du)和比能(neng)量,相對于鉛酸電(dian)(dian)池(chi)而言(yan),具有(you)更輕(qing)的(de)重量和更長的(de)使用(yong)時(shi)間。同時(shi),鋰電(dian)(dian)池(chi)還(huan)具有(you)無記(ji)憶效應、快速充電(dian)(dian)等優(you)點,可(ke)以有(you)效提高(gao)電(dian)(dian)動叉車的(de)工作效率。然(ran)而,鋰電(dian)(dian)池(chi)價格(ge)相對較高(gao),使用(yong)過程中需要注意防止過度(du)放電(dian)(dian)和過度(du)充電(dian)(dian),以避(bi)免安全(quan)事(shi)故發生。
3、燃料電池
燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池也是電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)叉車中的(de)新(xin)興(xing)動(dong)力源(yuan)。燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池利用(yong)氫氣和(he)(he)氧氣反應產生電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng),無需充電(dian)(dian)(dian),只需添加燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)即(ji)可。燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池具(ju)有快速(su)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)、零排放等優點(dian),能(neng)夠(gou)滿足電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)叉車在長時間工作(zuo)和(he)(he)高(gao)強度(du)(du)工作(zuo)的(de)需求。然而,燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池技術目前還不夠(gou)成熟,相關設備和(he)(he)燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)供應鏈的(de)建設也存(cun)在一定難度(du)(du)和(he)(he)成本(ben)。
二、鋰電池叉車比鉛酸電池叉車的優勢在哪
鋰電(dian)池(chi)和鉛酸電(dian)池(chi)是電(dian)動叉車使用比(bi)較多(duo)的兩種電(dian)池(chi),鋰電(dian)池(chi)叉車和鉛酸電(dian)池(chi)叉車對(dui)比(bi)起來,主(zhu)要優勢在于(yu)以下幾個方面(mian):
1、充電速度快
鋰電(dian)池(chi)依靠(kao)自身(shen)的化學特(te)性,滿足更快(kuai)的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)速度要求(qiu),從10%~100%充(chong)(chong)電(dian)時長只需(xu)2h。而鉛(qian)酸電(dian)池(chi)從20%~100%充(chong)(chong)電(dian)時長需(xu)要8-10h。
2、充電無記憶
鋰電池叉車的(de)充電(dian)無記(ji)憶特性使得電(dian)池(chi)能夠進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)隨(sui)機(ji)、間(jian)歇充電(dian),而不(bu)影(ying)響壽(shou)(shou)命,使用(yong)者可以高效的(de)利用(yong)工(gong)歇和休息時(shi)間(jian)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)電(dian)量補充,方便使用(yong)者進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)工(gong)作統籌。鉛酸電(dian)池(chi)有充電(dian)記(ji)憶,如進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)隨(sui)機(ji)或間(jian)歇充電(dian),嚴重損害電(dian)池(chi),縮短電(dian)池(chi)壽(shou)(shou)命,因此一般需要20%-100%滿充滿放(fang),定期(qi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)均衡充電(dian)。
3、使用壽命長
鉛(qian)酸(suan)(suan)電池(chi)(chi)平均1200次(作業(ye)時長(chang)(chang)約6000h)的循環(huan)壽(shou)命,磷酸(suan)(suan)鐵鋰(li)電池(chi)(chi)則有著4000+次(作業(ye)時長(chang)(chang)約24000h)循環(huan)壽(shou)命。在實際使用中(zhong),磷酸(suan)(suan)鐵鋰(li)電池(chi)(chi)使用4000+次后仍擁有65%以(yi)上容量(liang)(liang),而(er)鉛(qian)酸(suan)(suan)電池(chi)(chi)使用1200次后容量(liang)(liang)不足50%。
4、放電溫度區間廣
在-20度到(dao)60度之間(jian)的高溫或低溫狀態下,鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池都具備良好的放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)性能,在-20度的情(qing)況下,鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)效率為80%~90%,而鉛酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)池放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)效率不足30%。