一、換向器有什么作用
換向器主要有(you)(you)鉤(gou)型(xing)(xing)、槽型(xing)(xing)、平(ping)面型(xing)(xing)等規(gui)格(ge)。由進口原(yuan)材料精制而成,產(chan)(chan)品(pin)功能(neng)在國際上提(ti)高了前(qian)輩的(de)水平(ping),廣泛應用(yong)于電動工具、家電產(chan)(chan)品(pin)、汽車(che)、摩托車(che)電機等領域;集電環、碳刷臺、接線板(ban)有(you)(you)各種規(gui)格(ge)型(xing)(xing)號(hao)的(de)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)。應用(yong)于汽車(che)發(fa)(fa)電機、汽油發(fa)(fa)電機等領域。那么換向器的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)是(shi)什(shen)么呢?
換向(xiang)器(qi)是起整流(liu)作用,其作用是使電(dian)樞(shu)繞組中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)電(dian)流(liu)方(fang)向(xiang)是交變的(de),以(yi)保證電(dian)磁轉矩(ju)方(fang)向(xiang)始終不變。在(zai)發電(dian)機中(zhong)(zhong),換向(xiang)器(qi)能(neng)使元件(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)交變電(dian)勢(shi)變為電(dian)刷間直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)勢(shi);在(zai)電(dian)念頭中(zhong)(zhong)它能(neng)使外加直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)流(liu)變為元件(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)交流(liu)電(dian)流(liu),產生恒定方(fang)向(xiang)的(de)轉矩(ju)。
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二、換向器工作原理是什么
當(dang)線圈通過(guo)電(dian)流后,會(hui)在永久磁鐵的作用下(xia),通過(guo)吸引和排(pai)斥力轉(zhuan)動(dong),當(dang)它轉(zhuan)到和磁鐵平衡時,原來通著電(dian)的線較對(dui)(dui)應(ying)換向器上的觸(chu)片(pian)就與電(dian)刷分離(li)開,而電(dian)刷連接到符合產生(sheng)推動(dong)力的那組(zu)線圈對(dui)(dui)應(ying)的觸(chu)片(pian)上,這樣(yang)不停(ting)地重復下(xia)去,直流電(dian)動(dong)機就轉(zhuan)起來了。
如果沒有換向器的作用,那電機只能轉(zhuan)不(bu)到(dao)半圈就卡死了,只能當作電剎(cha)車了。
三、換向器表面最大功率為何值
Pnx小于(yu)50~200瓦每平方厘米。最大(da)功率取(qu)決于(yu)換向(xiang)器(qi)(qi)的輸(shu)(shu)(shu)入(ru)(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)。一般來說,換向(xiang)器(qi)(qi)的最大(da)功率是(shi)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)入(ru)(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)乘以輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)的乘積。因(yin)此(ci),換向(xiang)器(qi)(qi)的最大(da)功率可(ke)以通(tong)過測量輸(shu)(shu)(shu)入(ru)(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)來確定。
要計算換(huan)(huan)向(xiang)器(qi)(qi)的最(zui)大(da)(da)功率(lv)(lv),首先(xian)需要測量(liang)(liang)換(huan)(huan)向(xiang)器(qi)(qi)的輸入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流。可以使(shi)用專業(ye)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)表和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流表來測量(liang)(liang)換(huan)(huan)向(xiang)器(qi)(qi)的輸入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流。測量(liang)(liang)完成后(hou),可以使(shi)用計算器(qi)(qi)計算換(huan)(huan)向(xiang)器(qi)(qi)的最(zui)大(da)(da)功率(lv)(lv)。另外,換(huan)(huan)向(xiang)器(qi)(qi)的最(zui)大(da)(da)功率(lv)(lv)也(ye)可以通過查看換(huan)(huan)向(xiang)器(qi)(qi)的規格書(shu)來確(que)定。最(zui)大(da)(da)功率(lv)(lv)是指電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源在(zai)單位(wei)時間內,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路元件上能(neng)量(liang)(liang)的最(zui)大(da)(da)變化(hua)量(liang)(liang),是具有(you)大(da)(da)小及正負的物理量(liang)(liang)。在(zai)這里(li)特指最(zui)大(da)(da)輸出功率(lv)(lv)。最(zui)大(da)(da)功率(lv)(lv)越(yue)大(da)(da),電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源所能(neng)負載的設備也(ye)就越(yue)多(duo)。
四、換向器的材料有哪些
換(huan)向(xiang)器(qi)大多采用(yong)半塑(su)型換(huan)向(xiang)器(qi),由塑(su)料殼體(ti)、銅質(zhi)換(huan)向(xiang)片(pian)、云母片(pian)間絕緣及金屬(shu)襯套組成,如下圖(tu)。由于片(pian)間絕緣仍為云母片(pian),不是(shi)全部(bu)為塑(su)料,故(gu)稱半塑(su)換(huan)向(xiang)器(qi)。小的換(huan)向(xiang)器(qi)可以沒(mei)有金屬(shu)襯套。
換向(xiang)片大多用(yong)電(dian)解銅制(zhi)成,對耐(nai)磨性及表面軟化溫度有更高(gao)要求(qiu)的(de)換向(xiang)器可采用(yong)銀銅或鎘銅。