一、電源管理和電源控制的區別在哪里

電(dian)源(yuan)控(kong)(kong)制和(he)(he)電(dian)源(yuan)管理之間(jian)的(de)(de)區別，是(shi)關于(yu)數字電(dian)源(yuan)討論(lun)中(zhong)的(de)(de)關鍵概念(nian)。使用(yong)“電(dian)源(yuan)控(kong)(kong)制”術語(yu)來強調(diao)電(dian)源(yuan)供(gong)應(ying)系(xi)統內(nei)部的(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)制功(gong)能(neng)(neng)，尤其是(shi)個體內(nei)部能(neng)(neng)量(liang)流的(de)(de)循環管理。這一(yi)定義包含了反饋回路(lu)和(he)(he)內(nei)部管理維持功(gong)能(neng)(neng)。功(gong)率控(kong)(kong)制功(gong)能(neng)(neng)在與電(dian)源(yuan)供(gong)應(ying)的(de)(de)開關頻率實時(shi)監控(kong)(kong)中(zhong)起到作用(yong)。這種類(lei)型的(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)制功(gong)能(neng)(neng)可以由模擬(ni)或(huo)者(zhe)數字技術實現，電(dian)源(yuan)供(gong)應(ying)系(xi)統無論(lun)采用(yong)哪種方式，呈現給最(zui)終用(yong)戶的(de)(de)表現是(shi)基本一(yi)致的(de)(de)。這就是(shi)說，數字電(dian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)使用(yong)不要(yao)求(qiu)最(zui)終用(yong)戶做任何改(gai)變和(he)(he)新的(de)(de)設計(ji)。

相應的，“電源管理”是(shi)關(guan)于(yu)一個(ge)或(huo)多(duo)個(ge)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)系統(tong)(tong)之外的(de)(de)通(tong)訊(xun)和(he)(he)控(kong)(kong)制。包括電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)系統(tong)(tong)配置，單個(ge)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)系統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)，以及故障(zhang)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)信息傳送等(deng)。電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)管理(li)功能不是(shi)實時(shi)的(de)(de)，它(ta)們在一定的(de)(de)時(shi)間范圍內(nei)起作用(yong)，要(yao)慢(man)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)系統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)開關(guan)頻率(lv)。目前，這些(xie)(xie)功能都趨于(yu)將模擬(ni)和(he)(he)數(shu)字技(ji)術結合(he)。例如，電(dian)(dian)阻器通(tong)常用(yong)于(yu)調整輸出電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，而給(gei)每個(ge)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)系統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)排序則需(xu)要(yao)專(zhuan)線控(kong)(kong)制。按照愛立(li)信的(de)(de)定義，數(shu)字電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)管理(li)意味著這些(xie)(xie)功能全(quan)部使(shi)用(yong)數(shu)字技(ji)術。此外，簡化互連方式(shi)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)在某些(xie)(xie)類型的(de)(de)數(shu)據通(tong)信母線結構，優(you)于(yu)在每個(ge)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)系統(tong)(tong)之間使(shi)用(yong)多(duo)種(zhong)定制的(de)(de)互連手段(duan)進行排序和(he)(he)偵錯。

二、電源管理有什么特點

電源管理的特點是高(gao)效(xiao)能、低功耗、智能化。

提高效(xiao)能(neng)(neng)涉及兩個不同方面的內容：一(yi)方面想(xiang)要(yao)保(bao)持能(neng)(neng)量轉換的綜合效(xiao)率(lv)，同時(shi)還(huan)希望減小設備(bei)的尺寸；另一(yi)方面是保(bao)護尺寸不變，大幅(fu)度提高效(xiao)能(neng)(neng)。

在(zai)交(jiao)流/直流（AC/DC）變換(huan)中(zhong)，低(di)(di)的(de)通態電(dian)阻，符合計算機(ji)和電(dian)信(xin)應用中(zhong)更加高效適配器和電(dian)源的(de)需要。在(zai)電(dian)源電(dian)路設計方(fang)面(mian)，一般(ban)待機(ji)能(neng)耗(hao)已(yi)經(jing)降(jiang)到1W以下，并可將電(dian)源效率提(ti)高至(zhi)90%以上。要進一步降(jiang)低(di)(di)現有待機(ji)能(neng)耗(hao)，則需要有新的(de)IC制造工(gong)藝(yi)技術及在(zai)低(di)(di)功耗(hao)電(dian)路設計方(fang)面(mian)的(de)突破。

越來(lai)越多(duo)(duo)的(de)系(xi)統(tong)會需要多(duo)(duo)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)穩(wen)壓器(qi)(qi)。例(li)如帶多(duo)(duo)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)和電(dian)源(yuan)通(tong)路控制(zhi)的(de)鋰離子(zi)充電(dian)電(dian)池，多(duo)(duo)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)DC/DC轉(zhuan)換器(qi)(qi)和具有動態(tai)可調輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)電(dian)壓的(de)開關穩(wen)壓器(qi)(qi)等。

上世紀80年代，提(ti)出(chu)了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源制造中(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子集成概念，明確了(le)集成化是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子技術未來(lai)發展的(de)方(fang)(fang)向，是解決電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子技術發展面(mian)臨障礙的(de)最有(you)希望的(de)出(chu)路。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源集成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路逐步成為功率半導體器(qi)件中(zhong)的(de)主(zhu)導器(qi)件，把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源技術推向了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源管理的(de)新時(shi)代。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源管理集成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路分成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓調整(zheng)器(qi)和接(jie)口電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路兩(liang)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)。正是因(yin)為這(zhe)么多(duo)的(de)集成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路（IC）進(jin)入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源領域(yu)，人們才更多(duo)地(di)以電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源管理來(lai)稱呼現階段的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源技術。