一、農用殺蟲劑殘留多久失效
農(nong)藥(yao)殺蟲劑(ji)是毒(du)性較(jiao)大(da)(da)的農(nong)藥(yao),使用(yong)后(hou)通常(chang)會有一(yi)(yi)定的農(nong)藥(yao)殘留(liu),殘留(liu)期(qi)一(yi)(yi)般需(xu)要(yao)根據殺蟲劑(ji)品種和(he)性狀而定,一(yi)(yi)般來講,乳油、懸浮劑(ji)等用(yong)于直接噴灑的劑(ji)型(xing)對農(nong)作物的污染相對要(yao)大(da)(da)一(yi)(yi)些,而粉劑(ji)由于其容易(yi)飄散而對環境和(he)施藥(yao)者(zhe)的危害更(geng)大(da)(da),下面是幾種常(chang)用(yong)農(nong)藥(yao)殺蟲劑(ji)的殘留(liu)期(qi):
10%氯氰菊酯(zhi)乳油(you)(you)(you)殘(can)(can)留(liu)(liu)(liu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)2-5天(tian);2.5%溴氯菊酯(zhi)殘(can)(can)留(liu)(liu)(liu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)2天(tian);5%抗蚜威可濕性(xing)(xing)粉(fen)劑殘(can)(can)留(liu)(liu)(liu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)6天(tian);1.8%愛福廠乳油(you)(you)(you)殘(can)(can)留(liu)(liu)(liu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)7天(tian);40.7%樂斯本乳油(you)(you)(you)殘(can)(can)留(liu)(liu)(liu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)7天(tian);20%滅(mie)掃利(li)乳油(you)(you)(you)殘(can)(can)留(liu)(liu)(liu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)3天(tian);20%氰戊菊酯(zhi)乳油(you)(you)(you)殘(can)(can)留(liu)(liu)(liu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)5天(tian);35%優殺(sha)硫(liu)磷殘(can)(can)留(liu)(liu)(liu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)7天(tian);20%甲氰菊酯(zhi)乳油(you)(you)(you)殘(can)(can)留(liu)(liu)(liu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)3天(tian);10%馬撲立克乳油(you)(you)(you)殘(can)(can)留(liu)(liu)(liu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)7天(tian);25%喹硫(liu)磷乳油(you)(you)(you)殘(can)(can)留(liu)(liu)(liu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)9天(tian);50%抗蚜威可濕性(xing)(xing)粉(fen)劑殘(can)(can)留(liu)(liu)(liu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)6天(tian);5%多來寶可濕性(xing)(xing)粉(fen)劑殘(can)(can)留(liu)(liu)(liu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)7天(tian)。
溫馨提示:以上(shang)是正常使用情況下的殘留期,如果(guo)遇到下雨(yu)的話(hua),大(da)概殘留1-2小時就(jiu)會失效。
二、如何去除農藥殺蟲劑的殘留
農業生產中為了減少蟲(chong)害,會(hui)使用農藥殺蟲(chong)劑,然后農藥殺蟲(chong)劑噴施后會(hui)有(you)一定(ding)的殘(can)留,如(ru)果擔心的話,可以采取以下方法進行處(chu)理:
1、堿水浸泡法
先將蔬菜水果(guo)表面(mian)沖(chong)(chong)洗干凈(jing),在(zai)堿水中浸泡5~10分鐘(zhong),然后(hou)用清水沖(chong)(chong)洗2~3遍。
2、臭氧洗脫法
用市(shi)售的臭氧發生器清洗和(he)浸泡各類(lei)瓜果(guo)蔬菜(cai),清洗和(he)浸泡時間為10~20分鐘,可清除大部(bu)分農藥殘留。
3、儲存法
部(bu)分(fen)農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)可隨時(shi)間(jian)流逝緩(huan)慢地分(fen)解為(wei)對人(ren)體無害的(de)物質(zhi),因(yin)此(ci)對易于(yu)(yu)保存的(de)瓜果(guo)(guo)蔬(shu)菜(cai)可通過一定時(shi)間(jian)的(de)存放(fang)而減少農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)殘留量。此(ci)法適(shi)用于(yu)(yu)蘋果(guo)(guo)、冬瓜等不易腐(fu)爛(lan)的(de)水果(guo)(guo)蔬(shu)菜(cai)。這類水果(guo)(guo)蔬(shu)菜(cai)一般存放(fang)15天(tian)以上,即可去(qu)除大部(bu)分(fen)農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)殘留。
4、加熱法
氨(an)基甲酸酯類殺蟲劑會(hui)隨溫度升高而加(jia)快分(fen)解,因此(ci)可通過(guo)加(jia)熱(re)去除(chu)部(bu)分(fen)農藥殘留。此(ci)法可用(yong)于芹菜(cai)、菠菜(cai)、小白菜(cai)、圓白菜(cai)、青椒、菜(cai)花(hua)、豆角等(deng)。先用(yong)清水將蔬菜(cai)表面(mian)洗凈,再放(fang)入沸水中焯2~5分(fen)鐘,再用(yong)清水沖(chong)洗1~2遍即可。
三、怎么預防農用殺蟲劑殘留危害
1、多買有(you)(you)機(ji)食(shi)品(pin)。有(you)(you)機(ji)農產品(pin)檢測到(dao)的殺蟲劑含(han)量遠低于(yu)常規種植的食(shi)品(pin)。
2、徹底清洗(xi)果蔬。把水果或蔬菜放在流動的水下面(mian)沖洗(xi),能比浸(jin)泡(pao)更有(you)效地去除殘(can)余農藥。