一、串聯電抗器和并聯電抗器的區別在哪里

串(chuan)聯(lian)電(dian)抗器(qi)與并聯(lian)電(dian)抗器(qi)有明顯區別(bie)，體現(xian)在作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)和適用(yong)(yong)范(fan)圍上，串(chuan)聯(lian)電(dian)抗器(qi)主要(yao)起限流和濾波作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，并聯(lian)電(dian)抗器(qi)主要(yao)起無功補償作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，下(xia)面做詳細介紹：

1、串聯電(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)器是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系統無功補償(chang)裝置的(de)重要配(pei)套(tao)設(she)備(bei)(bei)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器與串聯電(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)器串聯后，能有效地抑(yi)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)中的(de)高次諧(xie)波，限制(zhi)合閘涌(yong)流及操作(zuo)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，改善系統的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓波形，提高電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)功率因數，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器及其它電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)設(she)備(bei)(bei)的(de)安全運行起到了較大的(de)作(zuo)用。

串聯電抗器主(zhu)要用于限制(zhi)短路(lu)電流(liu)，而電容器組串聯電抗(kang)器可以(yi)限制(zhi)高次(ci)諧(xie)波，降低電抗(kang)。

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2、并(bing)聯(lian)電(dian)抗器可以用(yong)于補(bu)(bu)償長距離(li)輸電(dian)線路的分布電(dian)容補(bu)(bu)償，防止空載長線路末端電(dian)壓升高（通(tong)常用(yong)于500KV系統），還可以有利于單相重(zhong)合閘和(he)降低操作(zuo)過電(dian)壓。

為了提高(gao)遠距離(li)輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)傳輸(shu)能(neng)力和改(gai)善線(xian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)運行情況，削(xue)弱(ruo)空(kong)載或輕載時長線(xian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)電(dian)(dian)容效應所引(yin)起的(de)工頻(pin)電(dian)(dian)壓升高(gao)，改(gai)善沿線(xian)電(dian)(dian)壓分布和輕載線(xian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)中的(de)無(wu)功(gong)分布并降低線(xian)損，減少潛供電(dian)(dian)流(liu)，加速潛供電(dian)(dian)弧的(de)熄滅(mie)，提高(gao)線(xian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)自動重合閘的(de)成功(gong)率(lv)，并聯電(dian)(dian)抗器被廣泛(fan)應用于電(dian)(dian)網的(de)遠距離(li)輸(shu)配電(dian)(dian)項目(mu)。

二、串聯電抗器的電流大嗎

確定電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器串(chuan)聯電(dian)(dian)(dian)抗器回(hui)路的電(dian)(dian)(dian)流，應該(gai)把電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器和(he)串(chuan)聯電(dian)(dian)(dian)抗器作為(wei)一(yi)個(ge)回(hui)路整體來分析，因(yin)為(wei)補償回(hui)路中除了(le)要承載正常的基波無功電(dian)(dian)(dian)流外(wai)，還應該(gai)允(yun)許(xu)它(ta)能夠承載一(yi)定量的某(mou)次諧波電(dian)(dian)(dian)流。

串聯電抗器的電容器(qi)補償回路，常情況(kuang)下補償容量及通(tong)過的電流如(ru)(ru)何計算呢，現舉例如(ru)(ru)下：如(ru)(ru)果回路電抗器(qi)的電抗率為(wei)14%，系統電壓為(wei)400V。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)承(cheng)受的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)為(wei)(wei)：400(1-14%)=465.1V，如果選擇所(suo)配套的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)額(e)定電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)為(wei)(wei)525V（也可以為(wei)(wei)480V），額(e)定電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)525V，容(rong)(rong)量為(wei)(wei)30Kvar的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)額(e)定電(dian)(dian)(dian)流為(wei)(wei)33A，串聯電(dian)(dian)(dian)抗率(lv)14%的(de)(de)后實際發出(chu)30x（465.1/525）2-23.5Kvar，向電(dian)(dian)(dian)網只能(neng)補償(chang)23.5x（1-14%）=20.1Kvar的(de)(de)無功(gong)功(gong)率(lv)，此時通(tong)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流23.5/（V3x0.4651）=29.2（A）。此時通(tong)過(guo)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流遠小(xiao)于額(e)定電(dian)(dian)(dian)流33A了。

所以(yi)串(chuan)聯電抗器(qi)的(de)電流是不大的(de)。