溶劑型和水性建筑涂料有什么區別
1、環保性能不同
水性建(jian)筑(zhu)涂(tu)料的(de)主(zhu)要(yao)品(pin)種是乳膠漆,乳膠漆主(zhu)要(yao)是由水、乳液(ye)、顏填料和各種助劑等成分組成,其分散介質是水,涂(tu)料施工后,從涂(tu)膜中(zhong)揮(hui)發的(de)是水和少(shao)量助劑,具有(you)環保、安(an)全等性能。
溶(rong)劑(ji)型(xing)涂料(liao)是由(you)樹脂、顏填料(liao)、溶(rong)劑(ji)和各種(zhong)助劑(ji)等成(cheng)(cheng)分組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng),其分散介質(zhi)(zhi)是有(you)(you)機溶(rong)劑(ji),從涂膜中揮發掉的有(you)(you)機溶(rong)劑(ji)多屬有(you)(you)毒有(you)(you)害物質(zhi)(zhi),不但對人體產生危害,而(er)且會(hui)對自然環境造成(cheng)(cheng)污染。
2、物理化學性能不同
水(shui)性涂(tu)料施工需要嚴格控(kong)制施工環境的溫(wen)度、濕(shi)度和(he)基層含水(shui)率,其耐候性、耐沾(zhan)污性比(bi)較差,在(zai)一些(xie)條件苛刻的環境下,無法(fa)獲得(de)優質涂(tu)膜,因此水(shui)性涂(tu)料的使用年限(xian)沒有溶劑型(xing)涂(tu)料長。
溶劑(ji)(ji)型(xing)涂(tu)料可以隨著施(shi)(shi)工地點施(shi)(shi)工環境調整溶劑(ji)(ji)的配(pei)比,物理化學性能比較穩定(ding),可達(da)到(dao)一(yi)個理想的涂(tu)膜(mo)狀(zhuang)態,所(suo)以溶劑(ji)(ji)型(xing)涂(tu)料仍然占(zhan)(zhan)有一(yi)部(bu)分市場,因此(ci)從物理化學性能來說,溶劑(ji)(ji)型(xing)涂(tu)料還是比較占(zhan)(zhan)優勢一(yi)些。
3、對基層的要求不同
水(shui)(shui)性涂(tu)料(liao)施工的(de)(de)基(ji)層含水(shui)(shui)率(lv)應(ying)小(xiao)于l0%,溶(rong)劑型涂(tu)料(liao)施工的(de)(de)基(ji)層含水(shui)(shui)率(lv)應(ying)小(xiao)于8%。水(shui)(shui)性涂(tu)料(liao)的(de)(de)透氣性比較好,基(ji)層內(nei)部的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)蒸氣可(ke)以向(xiang)外擴散。而溶(rong)劑型涂(tu)料(liao)成膜(mo)致密,假如(ru)基(ji)層的(de)(de)含水(shui)(shui)率(lv)高(gao),水(shui)(shui)蒸氣無(wu)法從涂(tu)膜(mo)揮(hui)發掉,輕(qing)易起泡。
4、施工環境不同
水性涂(tu)料(liao)(liao)施工(gong)一般要(yao)求在5℃以(yi)上(shang)施工(gong),溶(rong)劑(ji)型(xing)涂(tu)料(liao)(liao)在O℃也可以(yi)施工(gong),因(yin)此北方(fang)地區,即使(shi)是(shi)接近冬季也可以(yi)使(shi)用溶(rong)劑(ji)型(xing)涂(tu)料(liao)(liao)進行施工(gong)。
5、安全性能不同
水(shui)性(xing)涂料以水(shui)做(zuo)溶(rong)劑,消除(chu)了(le)生產過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)施工時的(de)火災危險(xian)性(xing),改善(shan)了(le)作業環境,在安全(quan)性(xing)上占據優勢(shi)。而溶(rong)劑型涂料在生產過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)由于(yu)其含有(you)有(you)機(ji)溶(rong)劑中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)揮發物質在生產、儲存,以及運(yun)輸(shu)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)極易造成爆炸和火災的(de)發生,所以從(cong)安全(quan)性(xing)上來說水(shui)性(xing)涂料強于(yu)溶(rong)劑型涂料。
水性涂料與溶劑型涂料各自的優點
1、水性涂料的優點
有(you)害(hai)性(xing)氣(qi)(qi)味(wei)少,故適用(yong)(yong)于(yu)重(zhong)涂或已(yi)在(zai)使用(yong)(yong)的(de)地(di)方(fang)(fang)。可用(yong)(yong)清(qing)水(shui)(shui)和(he)(he)肥皂清(qing)洗(xi),不需和(he)(he)危險性(xing)及易(yi)燃(ran)性(xing)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)合用(yong)(yong),施工后也不需要(yao)用(yong)(yong)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)清(qing)理。快干(gan),重(zhong)涂快,故特別(bie)適用(yong)(yong)于(yu)已(yi)在(zai)使用(yong)(yong)地(di)區(qu)。水(shui)(shui)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)性(xing)乳(ru)膠(jiao)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)很(hen)(hen)強的(de)抗紫外線能(neng)力,故在(zai)暴露于(yu)陽(yang)光的(de)地(di)方(fang)(fang)仍能(neng)安(an)然(ran)無恙。醇酸漆(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)(he)油性(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)會吸收太陽(yang)輻射從而使漆(qi)(qi)(qi)膜(mo)很(hen)(hen)快地(di)產生斷(duan)裂。水(shui)(shui)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)性(xing)乳(ru)膠(jiao)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)膜(mo)、特別(bie)是白(bai)色、亞白(bai)色和(he)(he)粉色漆(qi)(qi)(qi)膜(mo)不容易(yi)日(ri)久變黃。水(shui)(shui)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)性(xing)乳(ru)膠(jiao)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)透氣(qi)(qi)性(xing)好,允許(xu)少量(liang)的(de)水(shui)(shui)蒸氣(qi)(qi)穿過漆(qi)(qi)(qi)膜(mo),故可減(jian)少產生氣(qi)(qi)泡的(de)可能(neng)。這對涂刷輕度潮(chao)濕的(de)表面(mian)是很(hen)(hen)重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)。水(shui)(shui)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)性(xing)乳(ru)膠(jiao)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)更好的(de)光澤,色彩維持時間長,故能(neng)保持常(chang)新的(de)表面(mian)。水(shui)(shui)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)性(xing)乳(ru)膠(jiao)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)膜(mo)彈性(xing)好,可隨基材一同伸縮變化(hua),故不容易(yi)日(ri)久產生裂紋和(he)(he)剝落。
2、溶劑型涂料的優點
溶(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)型涂(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)對涂(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)刷(shua)條件要求不高,可在(zai)較(jiao)(jiao)廣(guang)的(de)溫度和(he)濕度的(de)范(fan)圍內施(shi)工。溶(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)型涂(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)稠度較(jiao)(jiao)大而不易流淌。溶(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)型涂(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)流平性(xing)(xing)好(hao),漆(qi)(qi)膜平滑,刷(shua)紋(wen)或轆(lu)紋(wen)少。溶(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)型涂(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)的(de)表面滲透(tou)性(xing)(xing)強,特別是(shi)對露天的(de)木頭,可增加其附著力和(he)表面保護(hu)能(neng)力。在(zai)平滑的(de)表面上油(you)性(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)的(de)附著力較(jiao)(jiao)好(hao)。溶(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)型涂(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)有較(jiao)(jiao)鮮艷奪目的(de)光澤。溶(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)型涂(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)的(de)漆(qi)(qi)膜較(jiao)(jiao)堅硬。
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