【三相(xiang)變(bian)壓器(qi)】三相(xiang)變(bian)壓器(qi)原理 三相(xiang)變(bian)壓器(qi)的應用

三相變壓器原理

很多人可能不是很明白三相變壓器，其實三相變電器被廣泛用于工礦企業、郵電、紡織、鐵路、建筑工地、學校、醫院、賓館、國防、科研等部門的電子計算機的交流穩壓電源。同時也適(shi)用(yong)于電(dian)源電(dian)壓(ya)低(di)、波動幅度大的(de)低(di)壓(ya)配電(dian)。這(zhe)邊來(lai)介紹下(xia)他的(de)原理和功能(neng)，可以一(yi)起(qi)來(lai)了(le)解一(yi)下(xia)。

三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)3個(ge)(ge)(ge)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)容量(liang)單相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)組(zu)(zu)(zu)合。它(ta)有(you)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)個(ge)(ge)(ge)鐵(tie)芯(xin)柱(zhu)，每個(ge)(ge)(ge)鐵(tie)芯(xin)柱(zhu)都繞(rao)(rao)(rao)著同(tong)一相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)2個(ge)(ge)(ge)線圈(quan)(quan)，一個(ge)(ge)(ge)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線圈(quan)(quan)，另一個(ge)(ge)(ge)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線圈(quan)(quan)。三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)產(chan)生幅值(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)等、頻(pin)率相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)等、相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)位互差120°電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機稱為(wei)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機；以三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機作為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，稱為(wei)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源；以三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)，稱為(wei)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)。U、V、W稱為(wei)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)之間的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)為(wei)380V.相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)中心線之間稱為(wei)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)220V.三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)工作原理：變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)基本工作原理是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁感(gan)(gan)應(ying)原理。當交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)加到一次側(ce)繞(rao)(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)后交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)流(liu)入該(gai)繞(rao)(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)就產(chan)生勵磁作用，在(zai)鐵(tie)芯(xin)中產(chan)生交變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)(de)磁通(tong)，這個(ge)(ge)(ge)交變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)磁通(tong)不(bu)僅穿(chuan)過一次側(ce)繞(rao)(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)，同(tong)時也穿(chuan)過二(er)次側(ce)繞(rao)(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)，它(ta)分別(bie)在(zai)兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)(ge)繞(rao)(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)中引起(qi)感(gan)(gan)應(ying)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)勢(shi)。這時如果二(er)次側(ce)與(yu)(yu)(yu)外(wai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)負(fu)載(zai)接通(tong)，便有(you)交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)流(liu)出，于是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能。變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)使用條件、安裝場所，有(you)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)等級和容量(liang)級別(bie)，有(you)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)結構形式和冷卻方(fang)式，所以應(ying)按不(bu)同(tong)原則進行分類。變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)分為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)（又(you)可分為(wei)升壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、降壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、廠(chang)用變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)等）、特種變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)爐變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、整流(liu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)焊變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)等）、儀用互感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)互感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)互感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)）、試驗(yan)用的(de)(de)(de)高奪(duo)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)等。

以上內(nei)容(rong)就是(shi)講解的相關知識，能(neng)夠更加深入地(di)了(le)解三(san)相變壓器。

雖(sui)然變壓器(qi)有不同的(de)(de)種(zhong)類和結構形式(shi)，但它們的(de)(de)基(ji)本工作(zuo)原(yuan)理是相同的(de)(de)，都是根據；動電生(sheng)磁和磁動生(sheng)電的(de)(de)電磁感應(ying)原(yuan)理工作(zuo)的(de)(de)呢。

三相變壓器的應用

三相(xiang)變壓(ya)器廣(guang)泛適用(yong)于交流(liu)50Hz至60Hz，電(dian)壓(ya)660V以下的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)路中，廣(guang)泛用(yong)于進口重要(yao)設備、精密機床、機械電(dian)子設備、醫療設備、整流(liu)裝置，照明等(deng)。產(chan)品的(de)(de)(de)各種輸(shu)入、輸(shu)出電(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)(de)高低、聯接組別、調(diao)節抽頭(tou)的(de)(de)(de)多少及位(wei)置（一(yi)般為±5%）、繞組容量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)分配(pei)、次級單相(xiang)繞組的(de)(de)(de)配(pei)備、整流(liu)電(dian)路的(de)(de)(de)運用(yong)、是否要(yao)求(qiu)帶外殼(ke)等(deng)，均可根據用(yong)戶的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)進行精心的(de)(de)(de)設計與制造。