【中(zhong)央空調制(zhi)冷(leng)系統】制(zhi)冷(leng)系統的四大部件是什么 制(zhi)冷(leng)系統工作(zuo)原(yuan)理
制冷系統的四大部件是什么
中央空調制冷(leng)系統由制冷(leng)劑和四大機件,即壓縮機,冷(leng)凝器,膨(peng)脹(zhang)閥,蒸發器組成。
在制(zhi)冷(leng)系統中,壓(ya)縮機(ji)是心(xin)臟,起著吸入、壓(ya)縮、輸送(song)制(zhi)冷(leng)劑蒸汽(qi)的(de)作用(yong)。
冷凝器(qi)是放(fang)出(chu)熱量(liang)的設備,將蒸發(fa)器(qi)中吸收(shou)的熱量(liang)連同壓縮機功(gong)所轉化的熱量(liang)一起傳遞給(gei)冷卻介質帶走(zou)。
膨(peng)脹閥(fa)(fa)又叫節流(liu)閥(fa)(fa),膨(peng)脹閥(fa)(fa)對制(zhi)冷劑(ji)起節流(liu)降壓(ya)作(zuo)用、同時(shi)控制(zhi)和調節流(liu)入(ru)蒸發器中制(zhi)冷劑(ji)液體的數量,并(bing)將(jiang)系統分為高壓(ya)側和低壓(ya)側兩大部(bu)分。
蒸發(fa)器也(ye)是一個熱(re)交換設備。節流后的(de)低(di)溫低(di)壓制冷(leng)劑液體(ti)在(zai)其內蒸發(fa)(沸(fei)騰)變為蒸氣,吸收(shou)被冷(leng)卻物質(zhi)的(de)熱(re)量,使物質(zhi)溫度下降,達到冷(leng)凍、冷(leng)藏食品的(de)目(mu)的(de)。
制冷系統工作原理
用管道依次將這些設備連接,形成一個封閉式系統。中央空調的(de)(de)(de)系統工作時,壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)機將(jiang)蒸發器所產生的(de)(de)(de)低溫低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑(ji)(ji)蒸氣(qi)吸入汽(qi)缸內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei),經(jing)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)機壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo),壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力升高(溫度也(ye)升高)到(dao)(dao)稍大(da)于(yu)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝(ning)器內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力時,將(jiang)其汽(qi)缸內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)(de)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)蒸氣(qi)排到(dao)(dao)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝(ning)器中(zhong)。(所以壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)機起著(zhu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)與輸送制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑(ji)(ji)作用(yong))在冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝(ning)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)高溫高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑(ji)(ji)蒸氣(qi)與溫度較低的(de)(de)(de)空氣(qi)(或常溫水(shui))進行熱交換(huan)而(er)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝(ning)為液(ye)態制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑(ji)(ji),這時液(ye)態制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑(ji)(ji)經(jing)過(guo)膨(peng)脹(zhang)(zhang)閥降溫(降壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya))后入蒸發器,在蒸發器內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)吸收被(bei)(bei)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻物體的(de)(de)(de)熱量后在汽(qi)化。這樣被(bei)(bei)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻物體便(bian)得到(dao)(dao)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻而(er)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑(ji)(ji)蒸氣(qi)又(you)被(bei)(bei)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)機吸走,因此在制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)系統中(zhong)經(jing)過(guo)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)、冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝(ning)、膨(peng)脹(zhang)(zhang)、蒸發四個(ge)過(guo)程完成一(yi)個(ge)循環。