松木家具的分類

1、紅松：

紅松又名果松，屬于(yu)松科(ke)植物，國家(jia)Ⅱ級重點保護野生(sheng)植物。主要分布在(zai)我(wo)國東北長白山(shan)到小興安嶺一帶(dai)，紅松材(cai)(cai)質(zhi)輕軟，不(bu)易(yi)(yi)變形，耐(nai)腐能力(li)強，適(shi)(shi)用于(yu)建筑(zhu)、橋(qiao)梁、枕木、家(jia)具制(zhi)作(zuo)等。紅松材(cai)(cai)質(zhi)優(you)良(liang)、紋(wen)理通直(zhi)，抗壓力(li)強，富含樹(shu)脂，耐(nai)朽力(li)強，工藝價值(zhi)高，油(you)漆性能良(liang)好(hao)，易(yi)(yi)干燥。木材(cai)(cai)可做建筑(zhu)、航空、橋(qiao)梁和(he)車(che)(che)船(chuan)材(cai)(cai)。木材(cai)(cai)的(de)刨削(xue)、車(che)(che)旋性能良(liang)好(hao)，易(yi)(yi)于(yu)加(jia)工，適(shi)(shi)于(yu)做各種模型，也可做膠合板(ban)、樂器和(he)運動器械(xie)等

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2、白松：

白松(song)(song)又(you)名為(wei)華山(shan)松(song)(song)、五須(xu)松(song)(song)在(zai)(zai)秦巴山(shan)區、渭北一些山(shan)區丘(qiu)陵都可栽植，年(nian)平均(jun)氣溫(wen)應在(zai)(zai)15℃以下(xia)，年(nian)降水(shui)(shui)量(liang)在(zai)(zai)600—1500毫(hao)米。對土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)適(shi)應性(xing)強(qiang)，在(zai)(zai)山(shan)地褐土(tu)、紅黃壤(rang)(rang)、紅色石(shi)灰土(tu)上(shang)都能(neng)生長(chang)(chang)。但對土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)水(shui)(shui)分要求較(jiao)嚴格(ge)，不(bu)耐干旱和(he)(he)瘠薄，更不(bu)耐鹽(yan)堿和(he)(he)排水(shui)(shui)不(bu)良。華山(shan)松(song)(song)較(jiao)能(neng)耐寒，在(zai)(zai)零下(xia)7—10℃的(de)低(di)溫(wen)下(xia)能(neng)正(zheng)常(chang)生長(chang)(chang)，在(zai)(zai)高達零下(xia)31℃的(de)絕對低(di)溫(wen)下(xia)也可生長(chang)(chang)。材(cai)質輕(qing)軟，富有彈性(xing)，結(jie)(jie)構細致均(jun)勻，干燥性(xing)好(hao)，耐水(shui)(shui)、耐腐，加工、涂飾、著色膠結(jie)(jie)性(xing)好(hao)。白松(song)(song)比紅松(song)(song)強(qiang)度高。

3、樟子松：

又名海(hai)(hai)(hai)拉(la)爾(er)松(song)（日）、蒙(meng)古赤(chi)松(song)（日）、西伯利亞赤(chi)松(song)、黑河赤(chi)松(song)，為松(song)科(ke)大喬木，樟子松(song)(松(song)科(ke))，常綠喬木。主要(yao)分布在大興安嶺北部海(hai)(hai)(hai)拔(ba)400-1,000米的(de)山(shan)地(di)(di)。在海(hai)(hai)(hai)拉(la)爾(er)以西的(de)嵯崗(gang)經海(hai)(hai)(hai)拉(la)爾(er)西山(shan)向南(nan)，經紅花(hua)爾(er)基至(zhi)(zhi)伊(yi)爾(er)施(shi)，成(cheng)斷(duan)斷(duan)續(xu)續(xu)的(de)帶狀分布，最南(nan)可(ke)達內蒙(meng)古錫林(lin)郭勒盟的(de)寶格達山(shan)。樟子松(song)樹質(zhi)細、紋理(li)直，經防(fang)腐處理(li)后，能有效(xiao)地(di)(di)防(fang)止霉菌、白蟻、微生(sheng)物(wu)的(de)侵(qin)蛀，能有效(xiao)抑制處理(li)木材(cai)含水率(lv)的(de)變化，減少(shao)木材(cai)的(de)開裂程度，使木材(cai)壽命(ming)延長(chang)到40至(zhi)(zhi)50年。

4、花旗松：

是加(jia)(jia)拿大(da)最大(da)的樹，包含(han)兩大(da)樹種：海岸花(hua)(hua)(hua)旗(qi)松(song)和(he)內(nei)陸花(hua)(hua)(hua)旗(qi)松(song)。邊材顏色(se)(se)淺、寬度(du)(du)(du)窄。心材由黃色(se)(se)到紅(hong)褐(he)色(se)(se)不(bu)等。早木(mu)(mu)(mu)及晚(wan)木(mu)(mu)(mu)顏色(se)(se)分別明顯，后者有更(geng)深、更(geng)尖的帶(dai)狀(zhuang)。這(zhe)種顏色(se)(se)差別造成(cheng)平鋸時(shi)木(mu)(mu)(mu)紋形狀(zhuang)不(bu)同。木(mu)(mu)(mu)材質地(di)細微(wei)到中(zhong)等，紋路筆直、非滲水(shui)性。花(hua)(hua)(hua)旗(qi)松(song)是加(jia)(jia)拿大(da)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)最大(da)的商(shang)用軟木(mu)(mu)(mu)之一，其硬(ying)度(du)(du)(du)高(gao)、抗磨損力強(qiang)(qiang)，適用于(yu)磨損是一個因素的地(di)方，如(ru)支架、橋部件、木(mu)(mu)(mu)屋和(he)商(shang)業建筑(zhu)物。花(hua)(hua)(hua)旗(qi)松(song)外觀良好，易(yi)于(yu)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)，很適合加(jia)(jia)工(gong)成(cheng)窗框(kuang)和(he)門框(kuang)，木(mu)(mu)(mu)線(xian)條(tiao)，櫥柜和(he)其它細木(mu)(mu)(mu)工(gong)制品(pin)。花(hua)(hua)(hua)旗(qi)松(song)的硬(ying)度(du)(du)(du)和(he)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)也增加(jia)(jia)了耐(nai)久性。

5、輻射松：

輻(fu)射(she)(she)(she)松(song)(song)(song)（新西(xi)蘭松(song)(song)(song)）不是新西(xi)蘭的(de)(de)(de)鄉(xiang)土(tu)樹(shu)種，它原(yuan)產(chan)于美國(guo)加州的(de)(de)(de)一些海(hai)島上。輻(fu)射(she)(she)(she)松(song)(song)(song)在原(yuan)產(chan)地生(sheng)長(chang)并(bing)不出色(se)(se)，干形(xing)差，生(sheng)長(chang)速度(du)慢，未受到(dao)(dao)人們(men)的(de)(de)(de)重視，但是，因新西(xi)蘭島國(guo)獨特(te)的(de)(de)(de)立地條件，使輻(fu)射(she)(she)(she)松(song)(song)(song)順利(li)安家(jia)落(luo)戶，并(bing)異乎尋(xun)常地生(sheng)長(chang)，日(ri)益受到(dao)(dao)人們(men)的(de)(de)(de)重視。輻(fu)射(she)(she)(she)松(song)(song)(song)生(sheng)長(chang)區的(de)(de)(de)平(ping)均(jun)氣溫12–20℃，可耐最(zui)高氣溫46℃，年(nian)日(ri)照時(shi)數2000h以上，年(nian)降(jiang)水量為(wei)600–1250mm，除冬雨型氣候外，均(jun)雨型亦(yi)可，以濕潤(run)氣候為(wei)最(zui)佳。輻(fu)射(she)(she)(she)松(song)(song)(song)木材色(se)(se)澤柔和，握釘力強，是很(hen)好的(de)(de)(de)家(jia)具用(yong)材。利(li)用(yong)固(gu)化(hua)技術(shu)，可使輻(fu)射(she)(she)(she)松(song)(song)(song)材家(jia)具更堅固(gu)，而且有(you)更好的(de)(de)(de)色(se)(se)澤質感。

各種松木的特點

松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)木(mu)屬(shu)于針葉植物(wu)（常見的(de)針葉植物(wu)有(you)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)木(mu)、杉(shan)木(mu)、柏木(mu)），它具的(de)特性有(you)：松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)香味、色(se)淡(dan)黃、癤疤(ba)多(duo)、對大氣(qi)溫度反(fan)映快、容易(yi)脹大、極難自(zi)然風(feng)干等。松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)木(mu)經人(ren)工處理（如(ru)烘(hong)干、脫(tuo)脂去除有(you)機化(hua)合物(wu)，漂白統(tong)一(yi)樹色(se)，中(zhong)(zhong)和(he)樹性）不(bu)易(yi)變(bian)形。俄(e)羅斯(si)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)：與東(dong)北(bei)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)是(shi)(shi)同一(yi)產(chan)品(pin)，只是(shi)(shi)因為(wei)國(guo)界的(de)不(bu)同而(er)已，所以如(ru)果說是(shi)(shi)采用(yong)俄(e)羅斯(si)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)，根(gen)(gen)本沒有(you)必要(yao)進口。而(er)東(dong)北(bei)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)的(de)種(zhong)類(lei)很多(duo)，紅(hong)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)（生長年(nian)限長一(yi)些，紋理比較細(xi)密，顏色(se)偏紅(hong)），白松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)（生長年(nian)限短一(yi)些，紋理比較粗）。白松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)包括(kuo)很多(duo)類(lei)，樟(zhang)子(zi)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)、魚鱗松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)、冷(leng)沙(sha)都(dou)是(shi)(shi)東(dong)北(bei)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)，樟(zhang)子(zi)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)易(yi)變(bian)色(se)，而(er)冷(leng)沙(sha)是(shi)(shi)其中(zhong)(zhong)質量最差的(de)一(yi)種(zhong)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)木(mu)，根(gen)(gen)本沒有(you)多(duo)少的(de)用(yong)處。

阿根(gen)廷松：顏色(se)偏(pian)黃，密度(du)比較大，容易開裂，色(se)差(cha)比較明顯。

新西蘭松（智利）：色澤淡黃，紋理通直，干燥易，變形小，力學強度中等，加工性能好適宜制作家具和各種木制品。

巴西松(song)（烏拉圭）：顏色比(bi)較(jiao)淡(dan)黃，文理(li)較(jiao)清晰(xi)，力學強(qiang)度中等，適全制(zhi)(zhi)作家具和各類木制(zhi)(zhi)品。

松木板材的優缺點

1、松(song)木生(sheng)態板都是選用的(de)(de)上等質量的(de)(de)針葉林松(song)木種(zhong)類(lei)，這種(zhong)松(song)木的(de)(de)生(sheng)長率(lv)比較強，而且松(song)樹在(zai)生(sheng)長過(guo)程中沒有經過(guo)修剪，所以(yi)它(ta)(ta)在(zai)制(zhi)作成(cheng)家具后，也是可(ke)以(yi)看出它(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)材料，這樣也可(ke)以(yi)突顯它(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)特(te)別之處。

2、具有良好的抗(kang)潮濕，耐腐蝕的功能(neng)，而且它也是比較環保的材質；此外，松木本身(shen)還有一(yi)種特有的香(xiang)味(wei)，這種味(wei)道可以起到提神(shen)的功效。

3、松木家具并不需要(yao)進行(xing)過多(duo)的(de)工藝(yi)加(jia)工，因為(wei)木(mu)材本(ben)身就有自己的(de)紋(wen)理，且松木(mu)板(ban)材造(zao)型樸(pu)實(shi)大方(fang)、線條飽滿流暢，少(shao)加(jia)雕飾的(de)加(jia)工手(shou)法(fa)環保(bao)健康，看上(shang)去(qu)更加(jia)的(de)自然美觀，這樣省去(qu)了(le)另(ling)外的(de)加(jia)工工藝(yi)，降低了(le)成本(ben)，還(huan)可(ke)以給房子增加(jia)很多(duo)時尚美感(gan)效果。

4、使用壽命(ming)長(chang)(chang)，經(jing)過不定期的保(bao)養，一般(ban)使用壽命(ming)較長(chang)(chang)，且松木板材本身木質就(jiu)非(fei)常的牢固，不易損壞(huai)，由(you)松木板材制作(zuo)的家具(ju)質量當然(ran)也是很好的，并且比一般(ban)的木材壽命(ming)更長(chang)(chang)。

5、松(song)(song)(song)木生態(tai)材中(zhong)的水份多一些，這種(zhong)松(song)(song)(song)木容(rong)易開裂，所以松(song)(song)(song)木家具一定不要長時(shi)間(jian)的放(fang)到(dao)潮濕的環境中(zhong)。