EPS應急電源在消防應急照明中的應用

近年(nian)來火災事(shi)故的(de)頻頻發(fa)生(sheng)讓人(ren)們吸取了(le)深刻的(de)教訓，如何解決好消(xiao)防應急(ji)照明系統(tong)(tong)的(de)供電系統(tong)(tong)引起了(le)設計人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)重(zhong)視。在(zai)正(zheng)常(chang)情況(kuang)下(xia)(xia)因突發(fa)事(shi)件中斷照明后，為保證人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)安全，必(bi)須設置(zhi)應急(ji)照明。特別是(shi)在(zai)一些重(zhong)要的(de)場(chang)合(he)，如人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)較為稠密的(de)商場(chang)、酒店(dian)、寫字樓等，在(zai)緊急(ji)狀況(kuang)下(xia)(xia)的(de)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)疏散(san)是(shi)一個(ge)很重(zhong)要的(de)現實問(wen)題，從(cong)而對應急(ji)照明系統(tong)(tong)的(de)合(he)理(li)設置(zhi)提出(chu)了(le)更高的(de)要求。

EPS應(ying)(ying)急(ji)電源系統是滿足消防行業特(te)殊要求的(de)應(ying)(ying)急(ji)電源，當市電出現故(gu)障(zhang)能(neng)自(zi)動轉(zhuan)入到應(ying)(ying)急(ji)工(gong)作狀態，由電池(chi)組經(jing)高效逆變(bian)提供后備(bei)電力供應(ying)(ying)。它(ta)具備(bei)手動/自(zi)動轉(zhuan)換及(ji)供專業人員(yuan)操作的(de)強制啟動按鈕，超載(zai)120%能(neng)正常工(gong)作，對電池(chi)組分段保護智能(neng)充電，應(ying)(ying)急(ji)時間(jian)更長，整(zheng)機功能(neng)更齊備(bei)，可靠性更高。

EPS應急(ji)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)系(xi)統可以解(jie)決(jue)許多應急(ji)供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)問題。當突(tu)然(ran)停電(dian)(dian)或商(shang)業電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)壓超出(chu)臨(lin)界(jie)值(zhi)時，由電(dian)(dian)池組經過(guo)高(gao)效(xiao)率(lv)的(de)(de)(de)逆(ni)變提(ti)(ti)供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)壓穩(wen)定、頻(pin)率(lv)穩(wen)定的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)力供(gong)(gong)(gong)應以及足夠時間的(de)(de)(de)照明和(he)設備運(yun)營電(dian)(dian)力供(gong)(gong)(gong)應，EPS應急(ji)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)系(xi)統能夠提(ti)(ti)供(gong)(gong)(gong)與(yu)商(shang)業電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)相同的(de)(de)(de)或經過(guo)穩(wen)壓調整的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，在突(tu)發(fa)事件(jian)來(lai)臨(lin)時起到(dao)可靠的(de)(de)(de)應急(ji)作用。隨著人們觀(guan)念(nian)的(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)變，安全(quan)意識(shi)的(de)(de)(de)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)，運(yun)用集中(zhong)供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)應急(ji)照明電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)取代分散(san)的(de)(de)(de)應急(ji)燈，是(shi)應急(ji)照明系(xi)統發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)必(bi)然(ran)趨勢。

眾所周知，電力故障常(chang)具有突發(fa)性，不以(yi)人們的意(yi)(yi)志為轉移，即使(shi)電網(wang)設(she)施再(zai)先進，意(yi)(yi)外的斷電也在所難免，同時(shi)，火(huo)災與(yu)停電幾乎是孿生兄弟，因此，具備多(duo)功能EPS應急(ji)電源(yuan)可以(yi)解決電力保障和(he)消防安全問題，確(que)保一些(xie)重(zhong)大工程或重(zhong)要場合的應急(ji)供電需(xu)要。

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EPS消防應急電源安裝注意事項

1、電線、電纜及保護管的選用

《建筑電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)工程施工質量(liang)驗(yan)收規(gui)范》（GB50303—2005，以(yi)下(xia)簡稱《驗(yan)收規(gui)范》）要求疏散照(zhao)明(ming)應敷設(she)耐(nai)火(huo)電(dian)(dian)線、電(dian)(dian)纜，電(dian)(dian)線采用(yong)(yong)額定電(dian)(dian)壓等于或高于750V的銅芯絕緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)線（20.1.4.8條）。《驗(yan)收規(gui)范》中沒有說備用(yong)(yong)照(zhao)明(ming)、安全(quan)照(zhao)明(ming)線路敷設(she)耐(nai)火(huo)電(dian)(dian)線、電(dian)(dian)纜（阻(zu)燃電(dian)(dian)線、電(dian)(dian)纜與耐(nai)火(huo)電(dian)(dian)線、電(dian)(dian)纜是兩種(zhong)不(bu)同技(ji)術標準的產品，兩種(zhong)不(bu)能(neng)混為一談(tan)）。

阻(zu)燃(ran)型及(ji)耐(nai)火(huo)型電線、電纜允(yun)許長期工作的最高額定(ding)(ding)溫度一(yi)定(ding)(ding)要(yao)(yao)(yao)符(fu)合(he)設(she)計(ji)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)，安裝前一(yi)定(ding)(ding)按(an)設(she)計(ji)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)驗(yan)收(shou)導線。火(huo)災應(ying)(ying)急照明(ming)(ming)導線截面宜(yi)適當放寬(kuan)。應(ying)(ying)急疏散照明(ming)(ming)線路的保(bao)護(hu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)無論明(ming)(ming)敷還(huan)是暗敷，在(zai)《驗(yan)收(shou)規(gui)范(fan)》中(zhong)都要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)使用(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)導管(guan)(guan)(guan)，而(er)對其(qi)他應(ying)(ying)急照明(ming)(ming)線路的保(bao)護(hu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)材(cai)質并(bing)末(mo)作出規(gui)定(ding)(ding)。《高層(ceng)(ceng)民用(yong)(yong)建(jian)筑(zhu)設(she)計(ji)規(gui)范(fan)》（GB50045—95）、《建(jian)筑(zhu)設(she)計(ji)防(fang)(fang)火(huo)規(gui)范(fan)》（GBJ16—87）要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)，當消防(fang)(fang)應(ying)(ying)急照明(ming)(ming)配電線路當明(ming)(ming)敷時應(ying)(ying)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)金屬管(guan)(guan)(guan)，并(bing)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)防(fang)(fang)火(huo)保(bao)護(hu)措(cuo)施；暗敷時，只要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)保(bao)護(hu)層(ceng)(ceng)的厚度不小于(yu)30mm，未說明(ming)(ming)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)何種管(guan)(guan)(guan)材(cai)。當采(cai)用(yong)(yong)塑(su)料(liao)(liao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)暗敷時，應(ying)(ying)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)難(nan)燃(ran)型材(cai)料(liao)(liao)且塑(su)料(liao)(liao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的氧(yang)指數應(ying)(ying)在(zai)27以上(shang)。在(zai)無設(she)計(ji)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)時，埋設(she)在(zai)墻(qiang)內或混凝土內的塑(su)料(liao)(liao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)應(ying)(ying)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)中(zhong)型以上(shang)的導管(guan)(guan)(guan)（《驗(yan)收(shou)規(gui)范(fan)》14.2.9.3條(tiao)）；建(jian)筑(zhu)物吊(diao)頂內必須采(cai)用(yong)(yong)金屬管(guan)(guan)(guan)敷設(she)，金屬管(guan)(guan)(guan)應(ying)(ying)選壁厚1.6mm以上(shang)的熱鍍(du)鋅管(guan)(guan)(guan)。

2、應急照明線路的敷設

應(ying)(ying)急(ji)照(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)(ming)(ming)線(xian)(xian)(xian)路單(dan)獨敷設，在(zai)(zai)每個防火分區有(you)獨立(li)的應(ying)(ying)急(ji)照(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)(ming)(ming)回路，不能(neng)(neng)與普通(tong)照(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)(ming)(ming)線(xian)(xian)(xian)路混用(yong)。穿越不同防火分區的線(xian)(xian)(xian)路應(ying)(ying)有(you)防火隔(ge)(ge)堵措施。當火災應(ying)(ying)急(ji)照(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)(ming)(ming)線(xian)(xian)(xian)路的工(gong)作電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源與備用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源在(zai)(zai)同一橋(qiao)架(jia)敷設時，中間加隔(ge)(ge)板。明(ming)(ming)(ming)敷管線(xian)(xian)(xian)時，鋼性導(dao)管上(shang)涂防火涂料保護。線(xian)(xian)(xian)管、線(xian)(xian)(xian)槽(cao)的PE保護線(xian)(xian)(xian)連(lian)接(jie)(jie)完成(cheng)后(hou)，經檢查確認才能(neng)(neng)穿線(xian)(xian)(xian)。不進(jin)人的吊頂，管子的支(zhi)架(jia)和接(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)盒固定在(zai)(zai)主、副龍骨上(shang)；進(jin)人的吊頂，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣配件(jian)應(ying)(ying)敷設在(zai)(zai)主龍骨上(shang)。在(zai)(zai)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的絕(jue)緣性能(neng)(neng)、導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性能(neng)(neng)和防火性能(neng)(neng)有(you)異議時，按批(pi)抽樣送有(you)資質(zhi)的試驗室檢測(ce)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)接(jie)(jie)續完成(cheng)后(hou)才能(neng)(neng)測(ce)試電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)的絕(jue)緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻。應(ying)(ying)急(ji)照(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)(ming)(ming)線(xian)(xian)(xian)路不能(neng)(neng)與其他普通(tong)照(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)(ming)(ming)線(xian)(xian)(xian)路混用(yong)。

3、應急照明配電箱的安裝

應(ying)(ying)急照明配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)安(an)(an)裝工(gong)(gong)藝同普(pu)通(tong)照明配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)安(an)(an)裝工(gong)(gong)藝，但應(ying)(ying)急照明配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)(xiang)與(yu)其他(ta)普(pu)通(tong)照明配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)(xiang)應(ying)(ying)有明顯的(de)(de)區分標志。應(ying)(ying)急照明配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)(xiang)結構(gou)及電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)元件宜選(xuan)用耐火耐熱(re)型，當用普(pu)通(tong)型配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)(xiang)時，其安(an)(an)裝位置(zhi)應(ying)(ying)盡可能避開(kai)易受火災影響的(de)(de)區域(yu)。EPS電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)柜(ju)(ju)安(an)(an)裝在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)豎(shu)井內(nei)時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)柜(ju)(ju)周圍應(ying)(ying)留有散(san)熱(re)通(tong)道(dao)。EPS輸出(chu)端的(de)(de)中(zhong)性線(xian)N應(ying)(ying)與(yu)建(jian)筑(zhu)物的(de)(de)接(jie)地裝置(zhi)直接(jie)相(xiang)連。EPS電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)柜(ju)(ju)出(chu)線(xian)端的(de)(de)低壓(ya)斷(duan)路器應(ying)(ying)選(xuan)用四極(ji)開(kai)關；支(zhi)路斷(duan)路器選(xuan)雙極(ji)型開(kai)關。

4、應急照明燈具及安裝

安全照明(ming)、備用(yong)照明(ming)和疏(shu)散照明(ming)可(ke)用(yong)普通(tong)節能燈(deng)、熒(ying)光燈(deng)（配(pei)電子鎮流器(qi)）。疏(shu)散指示(shi)標志燈(deng)必須(xu)采用(yong)消防(fang)認(ren)證產品。燈(deng)具安裝(zhuang)部位(wei)一般在走道及樓梯轉角(jiao)處。疏(shu)散標志的(de)箭頭應指向(xiang)通(tong)往出口(kou)的(de)方向(xiang)。

燈具(ju)(ju)安(an)裝(zhuang)高度由設(she)計決(jue)定。如(ru)無規定，一般疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)出口標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)安(an)裝(zhuang)在安(an)全(quan)出口的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)頂部0.2m處(chu)(chu)，上(shang)邊緣距(ju)天(tian)花(hua)(hua)板應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)等(deng)于(yu)(yu)或(huo)大(da)于(yu)(yu)0.5m。如(ru)天(tian)花(hua)(hua)板的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高度較低，也可以(yi)在疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)門的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩側墻上(shang)設(she)置(zhi)，標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中心點距(ju)地面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高度應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)在1.3~1.5m之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)吊(diao)桿的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)指(zhi)(zhi)示標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)下邊緣距(ju)地面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高度應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)大(da)于(yu)(yu)或(huo)等(deng)于(yu)(yu)2m。疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)指(zhi)(zhi)示標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)安(an)裝(zhuang)在樓梯間(jian)(jian)、疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)走道(dao)(dao)及(ji)轉角處(chu)(chu)1m以(yi)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)墻上(shang)（轉角處(chu)(chu)需(xu)增(zeng)設(she)一盞(zhan)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)）。標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)間(jian)(jian)距(ju)不應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)大(da)于(yu)(yu)20m，袋(dai)形走道(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)盡(jin)頭離標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)距(ju)離應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)小于(yu)(yu)或(huo)等(deng)于(yu)(yu)10m。封閉樓梯間(jian)(jian)、防煙樓梯間(jian)(jian)及(ji)其前室(shi)、消(xiao)防電梯前室(shi)也應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)安(an)裝(zhuang)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)指(zhi)(zhi)示標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)。疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)走道(dao)(dao)上(shang)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)蓄(xu)光自(zi)發光地面疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)標(biao)(biao)示燈的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)裝(zhuang)詳見標(biao)(biao)準圖(tu)集《特(te)殊(shu)燈具(ju)(ju)安(an)裝(zhuang)》（03D702-3）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)關內(nei)容。疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)路線應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)簡結明了。疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)燈應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)不燃燒材料制燈具(ju)(ju)外殼(ke)燈罩，其標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)箭頭指(zhi)(zhi)向應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)與逃(tao)生疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)方向一致。所有(you)安(an)裝(zhuang)金屬構件均(jun)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)做防腐處(chu)(chu)理。不能用(yong)(yong)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)指(zhi)(zhi)示牌代替(ti)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)指(zhi)(zhi)示標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)燈。

5、交工

備用電(dian)源(yuan)要核(he)對雙電(dian)源(yuan)的(de)相序。備用電(dian)源(yuan)或應(ying)急照明(ming)電(dian)源(yuan)作空載(zai)自動(dong)(dong)投(tou)切試(shi)(shi)驗前拆除(chu)負荷，空載(zai)自動(dong)(dong)投(tou)切試(shi)(shi)驗合(he)格(ge)，才做有載(zai)自動(dong)(dong)投(tou)切試(shi)(shi)驗。燈具的(de)絕緣(yuan)電(dian)阻(zu)不(bu)應(ying)大于(yu)或等(deng)于(yu)2MΩ；開關的(de)絕緣(yuan)電(dian)阻(zu)應(ying)大于(yu)或等(deng)于(yu)5MΩ；燈具、線(xian)路的(de)絕緣(yuan)電(dian)阻(zu)測試(shi)(shi)合(he)格(ge)，燈具與可接近裸露導(dao)體的(de)保(bao)護線(xian)PE連接完成，經檢(jian)查合(he)格(ge)，才能通(tong)電(dian)試(shi)(shi)驗；照明(ming)系統通(tong)電(dian)連續(xu)試(shi)(shi)運行時間應(ying)不(bu)小于(yu)8h；火(huo)災(zai)事(shi)故照明(ming)納入消防聯動(dong)(dong)控(kong)制，手動(dong)(dong)或自動(dong)(dong)試(shi)(shi)驗火(huo)災(zai)事(shi)故照明(ming)和疏散指示。