一、高空作業安全帶簡介

高空作業安全帶又稱全(quan)方位安(an)全(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)或五點式(shi)安(an)全(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)，新國標GB6095-2009規定材質需使用滌綸及更高(gao)強度的織帶(dai)(dai)(dai)加工而(er)成的。全(quan)身(shen)式(shi)安(an)全(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)是高(gao)處作業人員預防(fang)墜落傷亡(wang)的防(fang)護用品。是由(you)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)體(ti)、安(an)全(quan)配繩、緩沖(chong)包和(he)金屬配件(jian)組成，總稱墜落懸(xuan)掛(gua)安(an)全(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)。

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二、高空作業安全帶種類

高空作業(ye)安全帶按使用方式分為：圍桿安全帶和懸掛、攀登安全帶兩類。

圍(wei)(wei)桿(gan)作(zuo)業(ye)安全帶適用(yong)于電(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)、電(dian)信工(gong)(gong)(gong)、園(yuan)林工(gong)(gong)(gong)等(deng)桿(gan)上作(zuo)業(ye)。主要品(pin)種有(you)：電(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)圍(wei)(wei)桿(gan)帶單(dan)腰(yao)(yao)帶式(shi)、電(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)圍(wei)(wei)桿(gan)帶防下脫(tuo)式(shi)、通用(yong)Ⅰ型(xing)圍(wei)(wei)桿(gan)繩(sheng)單(dan)腰(yao)(yao)帶式(shi)、通用(yong)Ⅱ型(xing)圍(wei)(wei)桿(gan)繩(sheng)單(dan)腰(yao)(yao)帶式(shi)、電(dian)信工(gong)(gong)(gong)圍(wei)(wei)桿(gan)繩(sheng)單(dan)腰(yao)(yao)帶式(shi)和牛皮(pi)電(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)保安帶等(deng)。

懸(xuan)掛(gua)(gua)及攀(pan)登(deng)作(zuo)業(ye)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)適用(yong)(yong)(yong)于建(jian)筑(zhu)、造船、安(an)(an)(an)裝、維修、起重(zhong)、橋梁、采石、礦山(shan)、公路(lu)及鐵(tie)路(lu)調車等(deng)高(gao)處作(zuo)業(ye)。其式樣(yang)較多，按結構(gou)分為單腰帶(dai)(dai)(dai)式、雙(shuang)(shuang)背(bei)(bei)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)式、攀(pan)登(deng)式三種。其中單腰帶(dai)(dai)(dai)式有(you)架子工(gong)(gong)(gong)Ⅰ型(xing)懸(xuan)掛(gua)(gua)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)、架子工(gong)(gong)(gong)Ⅱ型(xing)懸(xuan)掛(gua)(gua)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)、鐵(tie)路(lu)調車工(gong)(gong)(gong)懸(xuan)掛(gua)(gua)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)、電信(xin)工(gong)(gong)(gong)懸(xuan)掛(gua)(gua)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)、通(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)Ⅰ型(xing)懸(xuan)掛(gua)(gua)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)、通(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)Ⅱ型(xing)懸(xuan)掛(gua)(gua)自鎖(suo)式安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)等(deng)六(liu)個品(pin)種；雙(shuang)(shuang)背(bei)(bei)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)式有(you)通(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)Ⅰ型(xing)懸(xuan)掛(gua)(gua)雙(shuang)(shuang)背(bei)(bei)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)式安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)、通(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)Ⅱ型(xing)懸(xuan)掛(gua)(gua)雙(shuang)(shuang)背(bei)(bei)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)式安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)、通(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)Ⅲ型(xing)懸(xuan)掛(gua)(gua)雙(shuang)(shuang)背(bei)(bei)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)式安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)、通(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)Ⅳ型(xing)懸(xuan)掛(gua)(gua)雙(shuang)(shuang)背(bei)(bei)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)式安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)、全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)絲(si)繩安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)等(deng)五個品(pin)種；攀(pan)登(deng)式有(you)通(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)Ⅰ型(xing)攀(pan)登(deng)活動帶(dai)(dai)(dai)式安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)、通(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)Ⅱ型(xing)攀(pan)登(deng)活動式安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)和通(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)攀(pan)登(deng)固(gu)定(ding)式等(deng)三個品(pin)種。

安全(quan)帶(dai)按(an)品種系列，采用漢語拼(pin)音字母(mu)，依前(qian)、后順(shun)序分別表(biao)示不(bu)同(tong)工(gong)(gong)種、不(bu)同(tong)使用方法、不(bu)同(tong)結構。符號含意如下：D—電工(gong)(gong)；DX—電信工(gong)(gong)；J—架子工(gong)(gong)；L—鐵路調車工(gong)(gong)；T—通(tong)用（油(you)漆工(gong)(gong)、造船、機修工(gong)(gong)等）；W—圍桿(gan)作業(ye)：W1—圍桿(gan)帶(dai)式(shi)(shi)；W2—圍桿(gan)繩(sheng)式(shi)(shi)；X—懸掛(gua)作業(ye)；P—攀(pan)登作業(ye)；Y—單(dan)腰帶(dai)式(shi)(shi)；F—防下脫式(shi)(shi)；B—雙(shuang)背帶(dai)式(shi)(shi)；S—自鎖(suo)式(shi)(shi)；H—活動式(shi)(shi)；G—固定式(shi)(shi)。

符(fu)號組(zu)合表示舉(ju)例如下：

DW1Y——電(dian)工圍桿帶(dai)單(dan)腰帶(dai)式。

TPG——通用攀登固定(ding)式(shi)。

三、高空作業安全帶的正確使用方法

1、檢查安(an)全帶(dai)(dai)的狀態，看是否符合使(shi)用條件。在系安(an)全帶(dai)(dai)之(zhi)前，需要檢查安(an)全帶(dai)(dai)的質量，確(que)保能夠安(an)全使(shi)用。觀察尼龍帶(dai)(dai)是否出現斷絲和明顯劃痕(hen)，金(jin)屬掛(gua)鉤處有無可(ke)(ke)見裂紋，掛(gua)鉤鎖死裝置是否完(wan)好可(ke)(ke)用等。

2、按正確步驟穿戴安全(quan)帶(dai)。先系(xi)好安全(quan)帶(dai)的(de)(de)胸帶(dai)，然后束緊腰帶(dai)，腰扣的(de)(de)組(zu)件必須系(xi)緊系(xi)正。最后系(xi)好安全(quan)帶(dai)的(de)(de)腿帶(dai)，系(xi)腿帶(dai)的(de)(de)時候，應當保(bao)持在(zai)松緊適度(du)的(de)(de)狀態。

3、將(jiang)安全帶掛(gua)在適宜的位置。掛(gua)安全帶的時(shi)候(hou)，需要采(cai)用(yong)高(gao)掛(gua)低用(yong)的掛(gua)法(fa)，并防止擺動、碰(peng)撞(zhuang)，避開尖銳(rui)物質，不能接(jie)觸明火。選(xuan)好掛(gua)的地方后，確保將(jiang)金屬鎖扣鎖死(si)。

4、在(zai)進行高空作業時(shi)，需要將安全帶的鉤和環(huan)牢(lao)牢(lao)地掛在(zai)系留點(dian)上。安全帶繩索不(bu)能(neng)打結(jie)，也不(bu)能(neng)隨意移(yi)動鉤、環(huan)，以免(mian)造(zao)成危險。

5、使用完的安(an)全帶(dai)需(xu)要進行相應(ying)的檢查，待確認無誤(wu)后(hou)(hou)，需(xu)要將(jiang)其(qi)進行適(shi)當的保養，然(ran)后(hou)(hou)貯藏起來，以待下次使用。

6、安全帶使用期為3-5年，如果發現異常(chang)需要提前報(bao)廢。在使用過程中(zhong)，每隔半年至一年就需要試驗一次，確保操作(zuo)安全。