一、數碼相機電池的種類

堿性鋅錳電池

這種電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)是我們在市(shi)場上很(hen)容易買(mai)得(de)到的(de)5號電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，他們的(de)沒有經過特殊的(de)材(cai)料和技術改造，使用(yong)這種電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)數碼照相(xiang)機多(duo)為底(di)端(duan)產品(pin)。因(yin)為市(shi)場銷售面廣(guang)，所(suo)以用(yong)戶不(bu)(bu)需擔心(xin)這種電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)價格，但是，也因(yin)為技術普(pu)通(tong)，其(qi)供電(dian)(dian)量和持(chi)久力遠遠比比不(bu)(bu)上其(qi)他幾(ji)種的(de)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。有的(de)時候，他的(de)電(dian)(dian)不(bu)(bu)足以帶動數碼相(xiang)機的(de)啟動，甚(shen)至會對數碼相(xiang)機造成影響。

鎳氫電池

這種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池是早期鎳(nie)(nie)鎘(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)替代產品(pin)，相(xiang)(xiang)對于鎳(nie)(nie)鎘(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池來說(shuo)，鎳(nie)(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池具有(you)更加(jia)引人注目的(de)(de)優(you)勢(shi)。它大大減少了鎳(nie)(nie)鎘(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池中存(cun)在(zai)的(de)(de)“記憶效應”，這使鎳(nie)(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)使用(yong)更加(jia)方(fang)便(bian)，循(xun)環使用(yong)壽命(ming)更加(jia)長久（可達1000次）。此(ci)外，鎳(nie)(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池還具有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)量高、放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)深度(du)大、耐過(guo)充和(he)過(guo)度(du)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時間短等明(ming)顯的(de)(de)優(you)點。最重要(yao)的(de)(de)是鎳(nie)(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池不(bu)再使用(yong)有(you)毒的(de)(de)重金屬作為材(cai)料，可以(yi)消除其對環境的(de)(de)污染。同時，在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)學(xue)特性(xing)方(fang)面與鎳(nie)(nie)鎘(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池基(ji)本相(xiang)(xiang)似，在(zai)實(shi)際(ji)應用(yong)中完全可以(yi)替代鎳(nie)(nie)鎘(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池而不(bu)需要(yao)對相(xiang)(xiang)機進行任何的(de)(de)改(gai)造。

鋰電池

鋰(li)(li)離(li)子(zi)(zi)電(dian)池價格比較(jiao)高(gao)，但它(ta)具(ju)有(you)重量(liang)(liang)(liang)輕，容量(liang)(liang)(liang)大、能量(liang)(liang)(liang)密度大的優(you)點，與鎳氫(qing)電(dian)池相比，鋰(li)(li)離(li)子(zi)(zi)電(dian)池比較(jiao)輕便，而(er)能量(liang)(liang)(liang)比卻高(gao)出(chu)60%。正因為如此(ci)，鋰(li)(li)離(li)子(zi)(zi)電(dian)池的生產和銷售正逐漸超過(guo)鎳氫(qing)電(dian)池，成(cheng)為現在數碼相機主要使用(yong)的電(dian)池之一。此(ci)外(wai)，鋰(li)(li)離(li)子(zi)(zi)電(dian)池幾乎沒有(you)“記憶效應”以(yi)及不含有(you)毒物質等優(you)點也(ye)是它(ta)廣泛(fan)應用(yong)的重要原因。

鋰離(li)(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)和鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的技術(shu)(shu)狀(zhuang)況、性能都比較好，只是(shi)價(jia)格略高一些，使用(yong)起(qi)來(lai)也比較講究(jiu)、復雜，尤其(qi)是(shi)鋰離(li)(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的充電(dian)(dian)(dian)器必須要“專用(yong)”，它(ta)不能與其(qi)它(ta)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的充電(dian)(dian)(dian)器兼容。堿性鋅(xin)錳電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，雖然單(dan)價(jia)低，消(xiao)費者(zhe)(zhe)買得起(qi)，但其(qi)壽命短，長期使用(yong)讓普通消(xiao)費者(zhe)(zhe)也難(nan)以承擔費用(yong)。相比之下，鎘(ge)鎳(nie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)、氫(qing)鎳(nie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)是(shi)目前(qian)在制造技術(shu)(shu)上較成熟，價(jia)格也較合理的蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。

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二、如何延長電池壽命

通常如果15天以上(shang)不使用(yong)相機(ji)的(de)話，最好(hao)(hao)把電(dian)池從相機(ji)里面(mian)取出單(dan)獨存放(fang)(fang)(fang)，保存的(de)環境最好(hao)(hao)是(shi)干燥和(he)陰涼的(de)地方，而且(qie)不要將電(dian)池與金屬(shu)物品(pin)存放(fang)(fang)(fang)在一(yi)起。根據我們的(de)調(diao)查，目前(qian)在市(shi)面(mian)上(shang)可(ke)以買到的(de)數(shu)碼相機(ji)大(da)部分(fen)都使用(yong)鋰(li)電(dian)池，它(ta)的(de)存放(fang)(fang)(fang)相對方便。唯一(yi)需要注(zhu)意的(de)就是(shi)長(chang)期不使用(yong)的(de)話，最好(hao)(hao)每隔2個月，激活一(yi)次電(dian)池，也就是(shi)沖放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)一(yi)次，這(zhe)樣能(neng)夠有效的(de)延長(chang)電(dian)池壽命。

至(zhi)于鎳(nie)氫5號電池，最討厭的就(jiu)是記憶(yi)效應，這種效應會(hui)(hui)降(jiang)低電池的總(zong)容(rong)量和使用(yong)時間 ，而且(qie)隨著時間的推移，存儲電荷會(hui)(hui)越(yue)來(lai)(lai)越(yue)少，電池也就(jiu)會(hui)(hui)消(xiao)耗得(de)越(yue)來(lai)(lai)越(yue)快(kuai)。因此，應該(gai)盡量將電力(li)全部用(yong)完再(zai)充電，每次充電一定要充到最滿才能斷電。

如果您出門的時(shi)候，臨時(shi)使(shi)用堿(jian)性電(dian)池，一(yi)定要記(ji)得及時(shi)取出，否則一(yi)旦長時(shi)間不使(shi)用，電(dian)池很容易淌(tang)水腐蝕電(dian)路，相機(ji)難逃報廢(fei)的命(ming)運(yun)。對于使(shi)用堿(jian)性電(dian)池的用戶，上面已經提到過，切記(ji)的一(yi)點就是在使(shi)用完數(shu)碼(ma)相機(ji)后(hou)，一(yi)定記(ji)得取出電(dian)池，以免出現電(dian)池流(liu)液現象而損壞機(ji)器。

而(er)(er)對(dui)于使用(yong)可(ke)充(chong)(chong)的鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)和鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的用(yong)戶。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)是(shi)很(hen)有(you)(you)(you)講究的，剛買回來的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)很(hen)低(di)或者無電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)，首次(ci)(ci)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定要(yao)(yao)(yao)充(chong)(chong)足。鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時間(jian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般要(yao)(yao)(yao)超過(guo)8小時，而(er)(er)鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時間(jian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般要(yao)(yao)(yao)超過(guo)16小時。而(er)(er)要(yao)(yao)(yao)達到(dao)最(zui)佳(jia)效(xiao)果，也就(jiu)是(shi)使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)達到(dao)它的最(zui)大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)般要(yao)(yao)(yao)反(fan)復(fu)充(chong)(chong)放(fang)3次(ci)(ci)以(yi)(yi)上才可(ke)以(yi)(yi)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)在用(yong)三次(ci)(ci)后，最(zui)好找個機會把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)完(wan)全放(fang)盡再進行充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，盡量(liang)不(bu)(bu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)還有(you)(you)(you)殘余電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)時反(fan)復(fu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，不(bu)(bu)然會縮短電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)壽命。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)完(wan)后一(yi)(yi)(yi)般比較(jiao)熱，最(zui)好待電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)冷(leng)卻(que)后再裝(zhuang)入相機使用(yong)。但注意的是(shi)，鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)因沒有(you)(you)(you)記憶效(xiao)應，所以(yi)(yi)千萬不(bu)(bu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，否則只會破壞電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)結(jie)構，損耗電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的使用(yong)壽命。

另外，為了避免電量(liang)流失，使用(yong)鎳氫電池的用(yong)戶，在充完電取(qu)下電池后(hou)，不要(yao)讓電池的正(zheng)負(fu)兩(liang)極同時(shi)(shi)接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)導(dao)體，比如(ru)說不要(yao)用(yong)手(shou)指同時(shi)(shi)接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)電池兩(liang)端。而使用(yong)鋰電池的用(yong)戶，應(ying)該盡量(liang)保持相機電池盒內的電池正(zheng)負(fu)極接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)點的潔凈(jing)，必要(yao)時(shi)(shi)可以使用(yong)干燥的拭布輕輕擦拭再裝入電池。

還需要注意的是(shi)，即使(shi)是(shi)使(shi)用(yong)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的用(yong)戶(hu)，在長時間不使(shi)用(yong)數碼相機時，也(ye)要將其(qi)完(wan)全放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后，取出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池，存(cun)放(fang)(fang)(fang)在干燥、陰涼的環境下。而(er)另外要注意的是(shi)，無(wu)論是(shi)使(shi)用(yong)鎳氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池還是(shi)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的用(yong)戶(hu)，最好都不要將已充好電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池放(fang)(fang)(fang)在皮(pi)包、衣袋(dai)、手提袋(dai)或者裝有(you)金(jin)屬物品(pin)的容器中，以防止(zhi)短(duan)路。

三、相機電池省電大法

1、避免頻繁的使用閃光燈：如果您不(bu)是(shi)專業的攝影人士的話(hua)，除非(fei)是(shi)在看不(bu)見五指的黑夜，普通白(bai)天的光源強度對于一般(ban)的數(shu)碼相機來說，是(shi)足夠(gou)的。

2、盡量避免(mian)不必要的變焦操作：變焦相機鏡頭(tou)的一(yi)伸一(yi)縮，非常(chang)耗電。您(nin)可(ke)以多動(dong)動(dong)腳步(bu)，用(yong)“人工變焦”的方式取代“相機變焦”，以節省(sheng)電量。

3、別(bie)讓顯(xian)示(shi)屏(ping)一(yi)直亮著：如果在電量不多的(de)情(qing)況下(xia)，可(ke)以關(guan)閉(bi)LCD屏(ping)，用取景器來(lai)(lai)(lai)調(diao)整(zheng)畫面(mian)構圖，對于一(yi)部數碼相(xiang)機(ji)來(lai)(lai)(lai)說，LCD應該(gai)算是最耗電的(de)部件，一(yi)般數碼相(xiang)機(ji)，在關(guan)閉(bi)LCD屏(ping)后(hou)可(ke)以使(shi)用的(de)時間是原(yuan)來(lai)(lai)(lai)時長的(de)3倍左右。

4、少用(yong)連拍(pai)和錄像(xiang)：盡量(liang)(liang)少用(yong)連拍(pai)功能(neng)和動態影像(xiang)短片拍(pai)攝功能(neng)，因(yin)為這些功能(neng)的完(wan)成(cheng)是利用(yong)機身內置的緩存來暫時保存所(suo)拍(pai)畫面，所(suo)耗電量(liang)(liang)很多。

5、切忌(ji)頻繁開(kai)、關機(ji)(ji)：不少(shao)用戶(hu)知道顯示屏一(yi)直亮著(zhu)很耗(hao)電(dian)，所(suo)以(yi)在(zai)使(shi)用中為了(le)節省電(dian)力，就頻繁的(de)開(kai)、關機(ji)(ji)。其實(shi)頻繁開(kai)、關機(ji)(ji)浪(lang)費掉的(de)電(dian)力可能比高亮顯示屏消耗(hao)的(de)還(huan)要(yao)多，尤其對于(yu)鏡(jing)頭口徑較大，又需要(yao)大幅度伸縮的(de)相(xiang)(xiang)機(ji)(ji)來說，開(kai)關機(ji)(ji)非常耗(hao)電(dian)。大多數數碼相(xiang)(xiang)機(ji)(ji)都(dou)有自(zi)動關機(ji)(ji)選項，這(zhe)項設置(zhi)不宜設置(zhi)得(de)太(tai)短，否則容易導致頻繁開(kai)、關機(ji)(ji)。當(dang)然人為的(de)頻繁開(kai)、關機(ji)(ji)也應(ying)該盡量避免。