【油(you)鋸(ju)】油(you)鋸(ju)的(de)分類(lei)有哪些 油(you)鋸(ju)的(de)分類(lei)詳(xiang)解
根據(ju)鋸(ju)把型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)式可分(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)高把油(you)(you)鋸(ju)和矮把油(you)(you)鋸(ju)兩(liang)類。高把油(you)(you)鋸(ju)在雙臂上的(de)重(zhong)量(liang)分(fen)配均勻,攜(xie)帶方便(bian),作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)(ye)時(shi)不需大彎腰,機具維修簡易;矮把油(you)(you)鋸(ju)結(jie)構緊湊,重(zhong)量(liang)輕,作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)(ye)時(shi)振動較小,適(shi)宜于山地(di)林區進行伐木、打枝、造材等(deng)綜合作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)(ye)。按發動機功率(lv)可分(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、中型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、小型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和微(wei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing):4.4千(qian)瓦(wa)以上的(de)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing);3~4千(qian)瓦(wa)的(de)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing);1~2千(qian)瓦(wa)的(de)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)小型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing);1.5千(qian)瓦(wa)以下的(de)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)微(wei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。
基本構(gou)(gou)造一般由發動(dong)機、傳動(dong)機構(gou)(gou)、鋸木(mu)機構(gou)(gou)等組成。作業時,動(dong)力通過傳動(dong)機構(gou)(gou)驅動(dong)鋸鏈(lian)(lian),使鋸鏈(lian)(lian)沿導板作連續運(yun)動(dong)來鋸切木(mu)材。
①發動(dong)機(ji)。一般為單(dan)缸風冷二(er)沖程高(gao)速汽油(you)機(ji)。為適應油(you)鋸在不同鋸切方向不同位置作業,采用(yong)帶有(you)輸油(you)泵的泵膜式化油(you)器,利用(yong)曲軸箱內的壓力脈動(dong)驅動(dong)膜片泵油(you),使(shi)發動(dong)機(ji)在任(ren)何位置上都能(neng)正(zheng)常供油(you)。此外(wai),還日益(yi)廣泛地(di)采用(yong)晶體管無觸點磁電機(ji)點火系統和單(dan)向閥(fa)進氣系統等新型結構,從而提高(gao)了發動(dong)機(ji)的使(shi)用(yong)性能(neng)。
②傳動機(ji)(ji)構。包括離心(xin)式摩擦離合器(qi)和(he)(he)(he)減(jian)速(su)器(qi)。減(jian)速(su)器(qi)一般采用圓錐齒輪減(jian)速(su)器(qi)(只用于高(gao)把油(you)鋸(ju)),便于使鋸(ju)木(mu)(mu)機(ji)(ji)構相對(dui)于機(ji)(ji)體(ti)作水平(ping)和(he)(he)(he)垂直調節(jie),以(yi)適應伐(fa)木(mu)(mu)和(he)(he)(he)造材時不同鋸(ju)切(qie)方向的(de)需要。
③鋸(ju)木機(ji)構(gou)。是油鋸(ju)的工(gong)作部件(jian),包括驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)輪(lun)、鋸(ju)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)、導(dao)(dao)板、鋸(ju)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)張緊裝置(zhi)和(he)插木齒(chi)等。驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)輪(lun)在(zai)發動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)動(dong)(dong)(dong)力帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)下旋轉,再驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)鋸(ju)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)沿導(dao)(dao)板運動(dong)(dong)(dong)進行切削作業。
鋸(ju)(ju)(ju)鏈(lian)有直(zhi)齒型(xing)(xing)和角(jiao)鋼型(xing)(xing)(萬能型(xing)(xing))兩種,直(zhi)齒型(xing)(xing)鋸(ju)(ju)(ju)鏈(lian)適用(yong)于橫截木(mu)材;角(jiao)鋼型(xing)(xing)鋸(ju)(ju)(ju)鏈(lian)可對木(mu)材進(jin)行橫截或(huo)斜向(xiang)鋸(ju)(ju)(ju)切,制造簡(jian)便(bian),銼磨也(ye)較直(zhi)齒型(xing)(xing)鋸(ju)(ju)(ju)鏈(lian)簡(jian)易,是應用(yong)較廣的鋸(ju)(ju)(ju)鏈(lian)型(xing)(xing)式(shi)。插木(mu)齒是油鋸(ju)(ju)(ju)在(zai)鋸(ju)(ju)(ju)木(mu)時的支撐點,它(ta)將(jiang)油鋸(ju)(ju)(ju)的部分重量和鋸(ju)(ju)(ju)鏈(lian)切削木(mu)材時的反作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)力(li),作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)到木(mu)材本身,從而減輕操(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)者的勞動強度。為(wei)便(bian)于操(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo),油鋸(ju)(ju)(ju)還設有包括鋸(ju)(ju)(ju)把在(zai)內的操(cao)(cao)(cao)縱裝置。
發展(zhan)趨(qu)向采用新材(cai)料、新工藝、新結構(gou),以(yi)進一步減(jian)輕油(you)(you)鋸(ju)重(zhong)量;減(jian)小噪音與(yu)振動,減(jian)低空氣污染,以(yi)改(gai)善(shan)操作條件;增設安(an)全保護裝置,以(yi)提高使用可靠性(xing)和安(an)全性(xing);同(tong)時將繼續(xu)完善(shan)以(yi)轉子發動機為(wei)動力的新型油(you)(you)鋸(ju)及(ji)遙控油(you)(you)鋸(ju)。