筆記本電腦電源適配器原理
筆(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)記(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)適配器(qi)也(ye)就(jiu)是筆(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)記(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)腦(nao)(nao)的充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)。筆(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)記(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)適配器(qi)的工(gong)作原理(li)簡單來(lai)說:就(jiu)是把(ba)不穩定的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)利用(yong)開關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的原理(li)通過(guo)(guo)轉化電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)變(bian)成筆(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)記(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)腦(nao)(nao)需(xu)要的恒壓(ya)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),給筆(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)記(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)腦(nao)(nao)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。值(zhi)得注意的是:這種轉化電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu),一(yi)定有(you)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(過(guo)(guo)流(liu)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu),過(guo)(guo)壓(ya)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)短路(lu)(lu)(lu)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)等(deng)),防止(zhi)意外時(shi),保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)筆(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)記(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)腦(nao)(nao)不至于燒掉。
筆記本電源適配器的組成
1、壓敏電阻
其功能是(shi)當外界電(dian)壓過高時(shi),壓敏電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)阻(zu)(zu)值迅速變(bian)得(de)很小,與壓敏電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)串聯(lian)的(de)保險絲被熔斷,從而保護其它電(dian)路不被燒壞。
2、保險絲
規格為2.5a/250v,當(dang)電路中的(de)電流過大時,保險絲(si)會熔斷以保護(hu)其它元件(jian)。
3、電感線圈
主要功能是(shi)降低電磁干擾。
4、整流橋
規格為 d3sb,作用是(shi)把 220v 交流(liu)電(dian)變(bian)為直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)。
5、濾波電容
規格為 180uf/400v,作用是濾除直(zhi)流(liu)電中的交流(liu)紋(wen)波,使電路(lu)工作更可靠。
6、運放 ic
保護電路、電壓調節的重要組成部分。
7、溫度探頭
用于探測(ce)電(dian)源適配器的內部溫(wen)(wen)度(du),當溫(wen)(wen)度(du)高于某(mou)一設(she)(she)定值時(不(bu)同品牌的電(dian)源適配器,其設(she)(she)定的溫(wen)(wen)度(du)閥值略(lve)有不(bu)同),保護電(dian)路會(hui)切斷適配器的電(dian)壓輸出,從而保護適配器不(bu)受(shou)損壞(huai)。
8、大功率(lv)開關管
是開關電源中的核心元件之一,開關電源能“一開一關”地工作,開關管(guan)功(gong)不可沒(mei)。
9、開關變壓器
開關電源(yuan)中的(de)核心元件之一。
10、次級整流管(guan)
功(gong)能是把低(di)壓交流(liu)電變(bian)為低(di)壓直流(liu)電。在 ibm 的(de)電源適配(pei)器中,整流(liu)管往往是由兩個大功(gong)率并聯工作的(de),以(yi)獲得較大的(de)電流(liu)輸出。
11、次級濾波電(dian)容(rong)
規格(ge)為(wei) 820uf/25v,共有兩個(ge),起濾除(chu)低(di)壓直流電(dian)(dian)中的紋(wen)波的作用。除(chu)上述(shu)元件(jian)外,電(dian)(dian)路板上還有可調電(dian)(dian)位器及其它阻容元件(jian)。
如何保養筆記本電源適配器
1.、創造良好的散熱環境
在溫度較高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)環境中使用筆(bi)記本(ben)時,應把電源(yuan)適(shi)(shi)配(pei)(pei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)放(fang)置于不受 陽光直射且通(tong)風的(de)(de)(de)地方; 不要把電源(yuan)適(shi)(shi)配(pei)(pei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)放(fang)在筆(bi)記本(ben)的(de)(de)(de)散(san)(san)熱(re)(re)出(chu)風口附近, 否則不僅電源(yuan)適(shi)(shi) 配(pei)(pei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)量(liang)(liang)散(san)(san)發不出(chu)去,還(huan)要吸收(shou)一部分熱(re)(re)量(liang)(liang)。在炎熱(re)(re)的(de)(de)(de)夏(xia)天,我們(men)可(ke)以把適(shi)(shi)配(pei)(pei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)側(ce)放(fang),以 增加適(shi)(shi)配(pei)(pei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)與(yu)空氣的(de)(de)(de)接觸面積(ji), 從而讓適(shi)(shi)配(pei)(pei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)量(liang)(liang)更好地散(san)(san)發出(chu)去。 為了獲得更好的(de)(de)(de)散(san)(san)熱(re)(re) 效果(guo), 我們(men)還(huan)可(ke)以在適(shi)(shi)配(pei)(pei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)與(yu)桌面之間墊入較窄的(de)(de)(de)塑料塊(kuai)或(huo)金屬塊(kuai), 以增加適(shi)(shi)配(pei)(pei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)周(zhou)圍(wei)的(de)(de)(de)空 氣對流(liu)速度,加快適(shi)(shi)配(pei)(pei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)熱(re)(re)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)散(san)(san)發。
2、發生異(yi)常應及時停止(zhi)使(shi)用(yong)
在電源適配器發出較大工作噪音甚至冒煙時,往(wang)往(wang)是(shi)已損壞 或產生故障,應立(li)刻停止使用,經(jing)專業工程師經(jing)檢修后方可(ke)再次投入使用。
3、使用非原裝的電源要謹慎
非原裝的(de)(de)電源適配器(qi)在(zai)輸出(chu)接(jie)口、電壓和電流值等方面都(dou)可 能(neng)存在(zai)一些差異(或者(zhe)是標(biao)稱與實際不符),如果(guo)(guo)匹配不當,可能(neng)會(hui)影(ying)響(xiang)筆(bi)記本運行的(de)(de)穩定(ding) 性, 甚(shen)至更(geng)嚴重(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)后果(guo)(guo)。 另外, 相同(tong)(tong)品(pin)牌不同(tong)(tong)型號的(de)(de)筆(bi)記本的(de)(de)電源適配器(qi)在(zai)換用時(shi)也應慎重(zhong)(zhong)。