寺院簡史
饒益寺(si)(si)(si)坐落于(yu)射洪柳(liu)樹(shu)鎮(zhen)西(xi)南二(er)里的通濟(ji)山中,建(jian)于(yu)明(ming)正統八(1443)。清(qing)光緒六(liu)年(1880)進行較大(da)培修擴建(jian)。 該寺(si)(si)(si)坐西(xi)向(xiang)東(dong),寺(si)(si)(si)前為(wei)(wei)(wei)山門,次第為(wei)(wei)(wei)彌勒(le)佛(fo)殿(dian)(dian),大(da)雄寶殿(dian)(dian),藏(zang)經樓,觀音(yin)殿(dian)(dian),右(you)有(you)廂房,左有(you)戒堂,呈四合(he)院布(bu)置。大(da)雄寶殿(dian)(dian)建(jian)于(yu)明(ming)正統八年(1443),為(wei)(wei)(wei)明(ming)代(dai)木結(jie)構建(jian)筑(zhu),抬梁式(shi)梁架,脊(ji)(ji)為(wei)(wei)(wei)鏤(lou)空花(hua)磚建(jian)造,二(er)龍(long)纏繞,龍(long)身鑲嵌瓷片(pian)。藏(zang)經樓主樓建(jian)于(yu)明(ming)萬歷二(er)十六(liu)年(1599),右(you)樓為(wei)(wei)(wei)清(qing)光緒七年(1882)建(jian),現(xian)有(you)清(qing)代(dai)壁畫(hua)31幅(fu),水墨淡彩,繪佛(fo)經故事及少量民間故事。人物傳神,帶有(you)濃郁(yu)的民間風味。該寺(si)(si)(si)布(bu)局合(he)理(li),結(jie)構嚴謹,線條明(ming)快,斗拱(gong)古樸大(da)方,脊(ji)(ji)飾壯觀。
建筑特色
由射洪(hong)市城南(nan)下20公里,便(bian)是(shi)中(zhong)國名酒沱牌曲酒的總(zong)部(bu)所在地柳(liu)樹鎮。鎮南(nan)通濟山半山腰上(shang),綠蔭掩(yan)映中(zhong),一大片殿、閣、樓、坊等古建筑若(ruo)(ruo)隱若(ruo)(ruo)現(xian),朝暉夕陰,紅墻碧(bi)瓦(wa),古意盎(ang)然,這便(bian)是(shi)川(chuan)中(zhong)著(zhu)名的開放寺廟,禪林勝(sheng)地饒益寺。
出柳樹鎮,從通濟山麓沿(yan)數百級(ji)石(shi)階而上(shang),有高六米(mi)的四層青(qing)石(shi)字(zi)(zi)庫(ku),原有龍紋磚砌牌坊(fang),牌坊(fang)兩側有對聯(lian):“彼岸(an)向(xiang)北流,有白鶴玉珠,左輝右映;斯山即西土,共青(qing)堤榆柳,日新(xin)月異(yi)”。西邊(bian)側門上(shang)有“龍盤”、“虎(hu)踞(ju)”二字(zi)(zi),字(zi)(zi)體遒勁,為宋代名(ming)人(ren)手(shou)書,牌坊(fang)圖(tu)案文飾皆(jie)極(ji)精美,特(te)別是龍形花(hua)紋,云霧(wu)纏繞,曲繞盤桓,飛動流暢,堪稱絕(jue)品。可惜此難得之物竟(jing)在(zai)文革中(zhong)被毀(hui)。
從牌(pai)坊(fang)上行(xing)20米(mi),為一石(shi)砌月(yue)臺(tai),月(yue)臺(tai)前圍(wei)以(yi)青石(shi)雕花欄桿(gan),左右各(ge)(ge)一株榕樹,蔭翳蔽(bi)日,夏日涼爽異(yi)常。榕樹后(hou)面便是大山門,門前原(yuan)有(you)乾隆年間雕刻的(de)古石(shi)獅二只,已(yi)被毀。山門上左右各(ge)(ge)有(you)行(xing)書(shu)木匾一道,曰(yue)“是禪林”、“金栗林”,字體恬淡雍(yong)容(rong),筋骨內涵,傳為明(ming)代書(shu)畫(hua)家董(dong)其昌手筆。山門飛桅翹角,備極精(jing)巧(qiao)。
從大山門進(jin)入,曾有(you)(you)天王殿,有(you)(you)木匾對聯一(yi)副:彌勒佛笑眾(zhong)生,何日得了(le);釋迦尊悲群迷,幾時(shi)才休。天王殿左右各有(you)(you)走樓,走樓外有(you)(you)鐘鼓(gu)樓,有(you)(you)大鐘高約(yue)四(si)米,重(zhong)二噸(dun)多(duo),鐘面(mian)文字甚多(duo),當年饒益寺鼎(ding)盛時(shi)期,清悅的鐘聲柳(liu)樹全壩皆聞。
天王殿(dian)再前行是一(yi)個院(yuan)壩(ba),院(yuan)壩(ba)后(hou)面(mian),便是饒(rao)(rao)益寺的(de)(de)主體建(jian)筑(zhu)大(da)(da)雄寶殿(dian)。大(da)(da)殿(dian)面(mian)闊三(san)間(jian),進(jin)深(shen)三(san)間(jian),單檐(yan)九檁(lin)歇山,檐(yan)下施七踩單翹重昂斗(dou)(dou)栱(gong)。構架為抬梁(liang)式(shi)結構,明(ming)間(jian)前金(jin)柱(zhu)間(jian)屋內(nei)額下有(you)(you)(you)“維大(da)(da)明(ming)正(zheng)統八年(nian)歲(sui)次(ci)癸亥……”墨書(shu)題記(ji)(ji),與清嘉慶二十(shi)(shi)四年(nian)所修(xiu)《射洪(hong)市志》記(ji)(ji)載(zai)的(de)(de)建(jian)造年(nian)代(dai)吻合。檐(yan)下斗(dou)(dou)栱(gong)有(you)(you)(you)角科(ke)(ke)4攢(zan)(zan)(zan),柱(zhu)頭科(ke)(ke)8攢(zan)(zan)(zan),前檐(yan)明(ming)間(jian)平(ping)(ping)身科(ke)(ke)4攢(zan)(zan)(zan),后(hou)檐(yan)明(ming)間(jian)平(ping)(ping)身科(ke)(ke)3攢(zan)(zan)(zan),兩(liang)山中進(jin)平(ping)(ping)身科(ke)(ke)各(ge)2攢(zan)(zan)(zan),次(ci)間(jian)平(ping)(ping)身科(ke)(ke)各(ge)1攢(zan)(zan)(zan),外(wai)檐(yan)斗(dou)(dou)栱(gong)共31攢(zan)(zan)(zan)。殿(dian)內(nei)裝(zhuang)有(you)(you)(you)現代(dai)添(tian)加的(de)(de)天花板,五架隨梁(liang)以上情(qing)況不明(ming)。屋脊為磚胎(tai)灰塑脊,中堆為五層寶珠,二龍繞(rao)圍(wei)屋脊,中堆和龍采用嵌瓷(ci)工藝。殿(dian)內(nei)有(you)(you)(you)佛像三(san)尊,左右(you)排列十(shi)(shi)八羅(luo)漢(han),兩(liang)壁原有(you)(you)(you)壁畫,人物高達兩(liang)米,可惜毀于十(shi)(shi)年(nian)浩劫。饒(rao)(rao)益寺大(da)(da)殿(dian)是射洪(hong)市為數不多的(de)(de)明(ming)代(dai)建(jian)筑(zhu)之(zhi)一(yi),具有(you)(you)(you)重要(yao)的(de)(de)歷史、藝術(shu)價(jia)值。大(da)(da)殿(dian)右(you)側,有(you)(you)(you)殘碑(bei)一(yi)塊,記(ji)(ji)載(zai)了饒(rao)(rao)益寺的(de)(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)沿革和興(xing)廢經過。
大雄寶殿后面為(wei)(wei)玉皇樓(lou),此樓(lou)為(wei)(wei)明萬歷二十六年所(suo)建,全(quan)樓(lou)占地200平方米,原有(you)壁畫68幅,內容多取材(cai)于《封神榜》,文革中部分被毀,現存有(you)37幅;樓(lou)上(shang)所(suo)有(you)抬梁枋均著彩色花紋圖案,十分精美。
玉皇殿(dian)(dian)(dian)右側又有觀音(yin)殿(dian)(dian)(dian),占(zhan)地亦為200平方米,屋脊中間聳(song)立(li)著(zhu)一塊鏤空七層(ceng)陶(tao)(tao)磚(zhuan)牌坊,高180厘米,兩龍(long)背(bei)上(shang)騎坐陶(tao)(tao)塑像四(si)個(ge),較大(da)佛殿(dian)(dian)(dian)制(zhi)作更(geng)為精美(mei)。觀音(yin)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)前天井內(nei),有桂樹(shu)(shu)兩株,樹(shu)(shu)齡已近百年。