建筑
安(an)岳縣木門(men)寺(si)的(de)寺(si)前立有(you)石坊,上(shang)書“東普(pu)禪林(lin)”。石亭(ting)內葬明代高(gao)僧(seng)無際禪師尸骨(公元1380-1446年)。無際禪師俗姓莫(mo)氏,諱了(le)悟,法號無際,潼川府(fu)安(an)岳白(bai)鶴巖(yan)人,著有(you)《道林(lin)錄》流傳(chuan)于世。
無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)際(ji)禪(chan)(chan)(chan)師(shi)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)背北面(mian)(mian)南,為(wei)石(shi)砌仿木(mu)建(jian)筑的(de)(de)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)梁(liang)方殿(dian),成“介”字形,高12米(mi)(mi)(mi),長7.8米(mi)(mi)(mi),寬6.8米(mi)(mi)(mi)。亭(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)的(de)(de)柱、枋、檐(yan)(yan)(yan)、脊、斗拱、熬頭(tou)、房(fang)瓦、滴水、椽子等(deng)均為(wei)石(shi)制,但從外觀看卻和木(mu)制畢真無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)異(yi),真可謂天工(gong)(gong)開物。石(shi)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)系單檐(yan)(yan)(yan)四(si)角攢尖式,飛(fei)檐(yan)(yan)(yan)挑(tiao)角面(mian)(mian)寬6.8米(mi)(mi)(mi),進深5.65米(mi)(mi)(mi),通(tong)(tong)高10米(mi)(mi)(mi),檐(yan)(yan)(yan)高3.6米(mi)(mi)(mi),四(si)周以(yi)斗拱撐托,空隙間以(yi)鏤空雕(diao)(diao)卷葉(xie)花(hua)裝飾(shi)。脊上(shang)雕(diao)(diao)飾(shi)仙人、異(yi)獸,亭(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)頂雕(diao)(diao)刻(ke)(ke)待放的(de)(de)蓮蕾,象征(zheng)著佛家的(de)(de)圣潔(jie)。亭(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)內正(zheng)中(zhong)立(li)五(wu)級八角石(shi)塔(ta)(ta)一(yi)(yi)(yi)座,高4.7米(mi)(mi)(mi),須彌座塔(ta)(ta)基。這(zhe)便是無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)際(ji)禪(chan)(chan)(chan)師(shi)圓(yuan)寂(ji)的(de)(de)石(shi)塔(ta)(ta),內葬(zang)禪(chan)(chan)(chan)師(shi)立(li)棺一(yi)(yi)(yi)具。塔(ta)(ta)身光滑如鏡,正(zheng)面(mian)(mian)陰(yin)刻(ke)(ke)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)際(ji)禪(chan)(chan)(chan)師(shi)坐像。塔(ta)(ta)頂部呈(cheng)穹窿狀,中(zhong)心雕(diao)(diao)團花(hua)圖(tu)案(an),內壁四(si)周四(si)角雕(diao)(diao)卷草斗拱12朵,每朵卷草上(shang)面(mian)(mian)圓(yuan)雕(diao)(diao)禪(chan)(chan)(chan)師(shi)弟子像一(yi)(yi)(yi)尊,身披袈(jia)裟,神態(tai)各(ge)異(yi),皆(jie)面(mian)(mian)向禪(chan)(chan)(chan)師(shi)墓(mu)塔(ta)(ta),個個面(mian)(mian)部表情悲戚(qi)凝重(zhong)。 為(wei)充分(fen)(fen)顯(xian)示塔(ta)(ta)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)的(de)(de)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)比煊赫莊重(zhong)、珍貴典雅,又建(jian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)木(mu)質結(jie)構的(de)(de)大殿(dian)將塔(ta)(ta)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)覆蓋(gai)。此大殿(dian)為(wei)重(zhong)檐(yan)(yan)(yan)歇山(shan)式屋頂,穿斗式梁(liang)架,共5間,每間寬13.7米(mi)(mi)(mi),進深11米(mi)(mi)(mi),通(tong)(tong)高12米(mi)(mi)(mi),檐(yan)(yan)(yan)高5.5米(mi)(mi)(mi)。梁(liang) 上(shang)書“雍(yong)正(zheng)九(jiu)年”題記。檐(yan)(yan)(yan)下飾(shi)有柱頭(tou)鋪作(zuo)及(ji)鋪間斗拱。門(men)(men)額飾(shi)“二龍搶寶”圖(tu)案(an),楷書“無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)際(ji)禪(chan)(chan)(chan)師(shi)塔(ta)(ta)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)”6字,門(men)(men)前有石(shi)階三級。大殿(dian)宏偉壯(zhuang)麗,雄(xiong)踞清涼山(shan)麓,殿(dian)中(zhong)修(xiu)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting),亭(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)中(zhong)建(jian)塔(ta)(ta),巧奪天工(gong)(gong),絕(jue)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)僅(jin)有。殿(dian)內尚有兩(liang)塊(kuai)高3.4米(mi)(mi)(mi),寬1.2米(mi)(mi)(mi),厚0.2米(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)大石(shi)碑分(fen)(fen)立(li)左(zuo)右,一(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)《道林(lin)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)際(ji)禪(chan)(chan)(chan)師(shi)語錄記》碑,一(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)《西(xi)蜀東(dong)普(pu)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)際(ji)禪(chan)(chan)(chan)師(shi)塔(ta)(ta)銘》碑,刻(ke)(ke)記木(mu)門(men)(men)寺(si)興建(jian)及(ji)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)際(ji)禪(chan)(chan)(chan)師(shi)生平(ping)事(shi)跡,甚詳。
景致
安(an)岳縣木門寺這種仿木結構的(de)(de)(de)(de)石建筑,為世所罕(han)見,是現(xian)代建筑學者和(he)雕刻(ke)藝術家(jia)研究、鑒賞的(de)(de)(de)(de)不可多得的(de)(de)(de)(de)實物(wu)史料。 木門寺后還保存了(le)一座“大雄殿”。此殿依山而(er)立,古樸(pu)壯麗,雕工精(jing)美。它(ta)和(he)清(qing)涼山麓那(nei)一片蔥蘢熾盛的(de)(de)(de)(de)森林相映生輝,把木門寺裝(zhuang)點(dian)得更加古樸(pu)幽靜,令(ling)人陶(tao)醉。木門寺與臥佛院又(you)相距甚近,是一個探幽攬勝的(de)(de)(de)(de)好去處。