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重(zhong)慶市榮(rong)昌區四寶之一的榮(rong)昌折(zhe)扇，經歷代藝人(ren)刻苦鉆研、精工(gong)創制，逐(zhu)步發展成為具有(you)獨特風(feng)格的中國傳統工(gong)藝品(pin)，其精雅(ya)宜士(shi)人(ren)，其華燦宜艷女。深受各階層(ceng)人(ren)民喜愛。古(gu)人(ren)曾有(you)詩贊(zan)曰：“開(kai)合(he)清風(feng)紙半張，隨機舒卷豈尋常；金環并束龍腰細，玉柵齊編鳳翅(chi)長，偏(pian)稱游人(ren)攜袖里，不勞侍女執花傍(bang)；宮羅舊賜休相(xiang)妒，還汝團圓(yuan)共夜涼。

2019年11月(yue)，《國(guo)家級非物(wu)質文(wen)化遺產代表性項(xiang)目保護單位名單》公布(bu)，重(zhong)慶市榮昌(chang)區文(wen)化館(guan)獲得榮昌(chang)折扇(shan)項(xiang)目保護單位資格。

產品特點

折(zhe)(zhe)扇雖是(shi)日(ri)用(yong)(yong)(yong)小商品，但獨具收則折(zhe)(zhe)疊，用(yong)(yong)(yong)則撒開，折(zhe)(zhe)撒自如，攜帶方便的(de)特點。榮昌折(zhe)(zhe)扇造型輕盈靈巧，線條外(wai)園內方，明快流暢；其選料考究，制(zhi)作精細，工藝(yi)精湛，是(shi)實用(yong)(yong)(yong)與工藝(yi)相結合的(de)日(ri)用(yong)(yong)(yong)佳品。由于品種齊全，花色(se)繁多，高、中、低檔產品均有，可(ke)謂男女老少皆宜，雅(ya)俗(su)共(gong)賞，深受各階(jie)層人士(shi)的(de)喜愛。

主要分類

榮昌(chang)各(ge)廠家(jia)在繼承傳統工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)的基礎(chu)上，引進新(xin)技(ji)術，新(xin)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)，采用新(xin)材料，生產各(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)折(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、舞蹈綢(chou)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、絹扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，書畫工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)掛(gua)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、旅游扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、廣(guang)告扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)等(deng)(deng)十(shi)多類品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)，中、高檔系列(lie)產品(pin)是：各(ge)式(shi)舞蹈綢(chou)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、竹(zhu)(zhu)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、金楠紙扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、金楠綢(chou)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、竹(zhu)(zhu)節綢(chou)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、雕刻綢(chou)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、棕玉綢(chou)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)（含全棕）、壁(bi)掛(gua)宣紙裝飾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)大扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、壁(bi)掛(gua)綢(chou)裝飾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)大扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、壁(bi)掛(gua)雕刻裝飾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)大扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)（以(yi)上均含書畫扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)）等(deng)(deng)。其消費功能(neng)除(chu)具有折(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的普通功能(neng)外，還普遍用于廣(guang)告載體、禮品(pin)贈送(song)、紀(ji)念品(pin)發放、強身健(jian)體、文藝(yi)匯演、室(shi)內裝飾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、藝(yi)術收(shou)藏等(deng)(deng)消費領域。

發展歷史

榮昌折扇(shan)(shan)，從農耕時代走向信(xin)息時代，歷(li)經(jing)400多年悠悠歷(li)史(shi)。據(ju)《榮昌縣(xian)志》記(ji)載，折扇(shan)(shan)古稱聚頭扇(shan)(shan)，又(you)名(ming)卷扇(shan)(shan)。根據(ju)歷(li)史(shi)記(ji)載是(shi)唐朝日本(ben)遣唐使(shi)朝賀皇帝唐太宗以貢品入國，當時被稱為(wei)倭扇(shan)(shan)。宋代倭扇(shan)(shan)開始在官家和民間廣泛(fan)出現，并規模生(sheng)產。《夷(yi)堅志》上也說:宋高宗有(you)折疊扇(shan)(shan),以玉(yu)孩兒為(wei)扇(shan)(shan)墜。”而真正(zheng)全面(mian)被百姓所(suo)喜歡和普及(ji)是(shi)明朝。

榮昌(chang)折(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)明朝(chao)嘉靖(jing)年間(jian)由朝(chao)鮮傳入工藝。當(dang)時(shi)，榮昌(chang)城北響石板一帶(dai)農民利用農閑時(shi)間(jian)，以榮昌(chang)當(dang)地盛產(chan)的黃竹制(zhi)作扇(shan)(shan)心(xin)扇(shan)(shan)夾，糊上黑紙，生(sheng)產(chan)硬青、皮底兩類折(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)，在集(ji)市(shi)上出售(shou)。至明朝(chao)萬歷年間(jian)已成朝(chao)廷貢品(pin)。歷史有記載明朝(chao)護送貢品(pin)耽擱二被問罪(zui)。明清兩朝(chao)在榮昌(chang)設二品(pin)官負(fu)責(ze)折(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)造辦和貢品(pin)押(ya)運（在原國(guo)營(ying)折(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)廠原址曾有官碑(bei)記錄(lu)）至嘉慶(qing)、道光年間(jian)，折(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)生(sheng)產(chan)因(yin)為移民擴充(chong)有了一個(ge)更大大發展(zhan)時(shi)期，由副業生(sheng)產(chan)走向專業化生(sheng)產(chan)而集(ji)中于縣城。

榮昌折(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，以棕(zong)(zong)(zong)竹(zhu)、毛(mao)竹(zhu)為(wei)之，被(bei)稱為(wei)懷袖雅物。榮昌折(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)在光緒(xu)初年(nian)(nian)開始采用楠(nan)竹(zhu)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)心(xin)、扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)夾和質地(di)更(geng)為(wei)堅韌，花(hua)紋自然美觀的(de)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)竹(zhu)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)夾，折(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)品(pin)種新(xin)增全楠(nan)、正(zheng)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)、穿葉串(chuan)子三大類，刁、嵌、漆、繪等(deng)(deng)也用于折(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)。城中扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)鋪發展到(dao)四十(shi)余家(jia)，加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)攤子戶(hu)達(da)100余家(jia)，最(zui)高(gao)年(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)量400萬(wan)把(ba)，除(chu)在省銷(xiao)售外(wai)，還(huan)遠(yuan)銷(xiao)云(yun)南、貴州、陜(shan)西等(deng)(deng)省，成為(wei)榮昌頗負(fu)盛名的(de)特產(chan)(chan)之一。這是折(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)興(xing)盛時(shi)期(qi)。到(dao)1912年(nian)(nian)，折(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)會員登記名冊記載，先(xian)后(hou)經(jing)營(ying)此業(ye)(ye)仍(reng)保留(liu)會籍者，已達(da)202家(jia)行(xing)號，足見其源遠(yuan)與興(xing)盛。辛亥(hai)革命成功后(hou)，折(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝日臻完美。漆、刁、嵌、刻、燙(tang)花(hua)、小磨(mo)、鐵金(jin)、銀粉寫畫等(deng)(deng)技藝廣泛(fan)應用于串(chuan)葉白扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)，深受各界人(ren)士喜愛而(er)風(feng)行(xing)一時(shi)。5年(nian)(nian)內，城內折(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)經(jing)營(ying)店鋪達(da)100多家(jia)，加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)攤子戶(hu)500多戶(hu)，專業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)3000人(ren)，年(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)折(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)506萬(wan)把(ba)，除(chu)國內諸省市(shi)之外(wai)，還(huan)遠(yuan)銷(xiao)泰(tai)國、印度、緬甸等(deng)(deng)國家(jia)，達(da)到(dao)鼎盛。據說當時(shi)榮昌折(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)年(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)量超過(guo)了蘇(su)杭折(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)總和。榮昌折(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)能生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)全楠(nan)、正(zheng)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)、硬青、皮底、全棕(zong)(zong)(zong)、羽毛(mao)、綢面吊尾(wei)舞(wu)蹈、串(chuan)子、漆嵌等(deng)(deng)11大類，345個花(hua)色(se)，可謂(wei)琳瑯滿目，繁花(hua)似錦。別看一把(ba)小小的(de)折(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)種就有16個，工(gong)(gong)(gong)序則有146個。

中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)四大名(ming)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)--榮(rong)(rong)(rong)昌折(zhe)(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)（巴蜀扇(shan)(shan)(shan)），始于1551年(nian)(nian)明(ming)代嘉靖年(nian)(nian)間，明(ming)末已(yi)成為(wei)(wei)貢品(pin)入(ru)朝。產(chan)品(pin)以(yi)其精湛的(de)(de)工(gong)業制作而早已(yi)聞(wen)名(ming)于海內外。其產(chan)品(pin)必然代表(biao)企(qi)業--重(zhong)慶市(shi)(shi)榮(rong)(rong)(rong)昌折(zhe)(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)廠（重(zhong)慶市(shi)(shi)榮(rong)(rong)(rong)昌折(zhe)(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)有限公(gong)司）。早已(yi)是公(gong)認的(de)(de)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)中(zhong)(zhong)西部地(di)(di)區中(zhong)(zhong)、高檔折(zhe)(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)最大的(de)(de)專業生產(chan)廠家(jia)。工(gong)廠坐落在榮(rong)(rong)(rong)昌縣城(cheng)，全(quan)(quan)廠占(zhan)地(di)(di)5000余平(ping)方米(mi)，建筑面積達8000平(ping)方米(mi)，現有職(zhi)工(gong)200余人(ren)，具(ju)有各(ge)類專業人(ren)才(cai)80余人(ren)，年(nian)(nian)產(chan)能(neng)力300余萬把。花色品(pin)種多(duo)達170余個，并多(duo)次榮(rong)(rong)(rong)獲國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)有關(guan)權威部門(men)辦(ban)法的(de)(de)獎勵證(zheng)書。一些黨和國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)領(ling)導(dao)人(ren)、省(sheng)，市(shi)(shi)政(zheng)府首(shou)腦，大專院(yuan)校、鐵路、航空、金(jin)融、保(bao)險(xian)、著(zhu)名(ming)風景(jing)區、知名(ming)工(gong)商企(qi)業、大型文藝(yi)團體(ti)(ti)、知名(ming)人(ren)士(shi)等(deng)(deng)均多(duo)次親臨或(huo)員來廠訂購(gou)各(ge)式(shi)折(zhe)(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)及(ji)視察、指導(dao)。二00二年(nian)(nian)四月(yue)，公(gong)司440余把雕(diao)刻(ke)書畫(hua)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)進入(ru)AAPP第三界(jie)重(zhong)慶年(nian)(nian)會(hui)，作為(wei)(wei)專用(yong)(yong)禮品(pin)贈(zeng)(zeng)送參會(hui)外賓。其主要中(zhong)(zhong)、高檔產(chan)品(pin)系(xi)列是：各(ge)式(shi)舞蹈綢扇(shan)(shan)(shan)、全(quan)(quan)竹扇(shan)(shan)(shan)、全(quan)(quan)楠(nan)宣(xuan)紙、全(quan)(quan)楠(nan)綢扇(shan)(shan)(shan)、竹節綢扇(shan)(shan)(shan)、雕(diao)刻(ke)綢扇(shan)(shan)(shan)、棕(zong)玉綢扇(shan)(shan)(shan)、全(quan)(quan)棕(zong)綢扇(shan)(shan)(shan)、壁(bi)掛宣(xuan)紙大扇(shan)(shan)(shan)、壁(bi)掛綢大扇(shan)(shan)(shan)、壁(bi)掛雕(diao)刻(ke)大扇(shan)(shan)(shan)（以(yi)上均含部分書畫(hua)）等(deng)(deng)。其消費功(gong)能(neng)除(chu)具(ju)有折(zhe)(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)普通功(gong)能(neng)外，還(huan)普遍(bian)用(yong)(yong)于廣(guang)告(gao)載體(ti)(ti)、禮品(pin)贈(zeng)(zeng)送、紀念品(pin)發放、強身健體(ti)(ti)、文藝(yi)演出、室內裝(zhuang)飾、藝(yi)術(shu)(shu)品(pin)收藏等(deng)(deng)消費領(ling)域。多(duo)年(nian)(nian)來，其產(chan)品(pin)不(bu)僅銷往全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)各(ge)地(di)(di)，而且還(huan)先后出口印度、泰(tai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)、緬甸(dian)、日(ri)本等(deng)(deng)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)，深受中(zhong)(zhong)外顧客的(de)(de)厚愛。本廠將繼續以(yi)“繼承(cheng)傳統，推陳(chen)出新，引導(dao)消費，走向世界(jie)”為(wei)(wei)宗(zong)旨，以(yi)藝(yi)術(shu)(shu)院(yuan)校為(wei)(wei)依托，以(yi)人(ren)民(min)(min)消費水品(pin)的(de)(de)不(bu)斷變化(hua)為(wei)(wei)目標，不(bu)斷開發折(zhe)(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)文化(hua)、藝(yi)術(shu)(shu)及(ji)觀賞功(gong)能(neng)，用(yong)(yong)精品(pin)積極適應(ying)和引導(dao)消費，全(quan)(quan)力滿足人(ren)民(min)(min)日(ri)益增長的(de)(de)文化(hua)、藝(yi)術(shu)(shu)需(xu)求(qiu)，全(quan)(quan)力滿足各(ge)地(di)(di)經銷商和顧客的(de)(de)服務需(xu)求(qiu)。

20世(shi)紀90年代以來，為了加強榮(rong)(rong)昌(chang)(chang)折(zhe)(zhe)扇(shan)的(de)(de)競爭力，各(ge)廠(chang)(chang)家通過合(he)并(bing)、資產重(zhong)組、技術(shu)改進，規(gui)模逐漸壯(zhuang)大。榮(rong)(rong)昌(chang)(chang)折(zhe)(zhe)扇(shan)廠(chang)(chang)家的(de)(de)數(shu)量(liang)已(yi)從幾十家減少到的(de)(de)十幾家，具(ju)有(you)代表性的(de)(de)有(you)重(zhong)慶市榮(rong)(rong)昌(chang)(chang)折(zhe)(zhe)扇(shan)廠(chang)(chang)、重(zhong)慶榮(rong)(rong)昌(chang)(chang)華一扇(shan)廠(chang)(chang)，成為榮(rong)(rong)昌(chang)(chang)折(zhe)(zhe)扇(shan)的(de)(de)中流砥(di)柱(zhu)。