天橋(qiao)山(shan)自(zi)然保護(hu)區地貌多樣,自(zi)然條(tiao)件優越,野生(sheng)動植物資源豐(feng)富,系(xi)(xi)亞熱(re)帶常(chang)綠闊葉、落(luo)葉混交林(lin),植被相當豐(feng)富,在生(sheng)態系(xi)(xi)統、生(sheng)物群(qun)落(luo)和物種多樣性(xing)(xing)等方面具(ju)有(you)典型性(xing)(xing)和代表性(xing)(xing),具(ju)有(you)很高的科學、文化、旅游(you)、經濟(ji)和保護(hu)價(jia)值。
天橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)山(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)人文景觀和(he)名(ming)勝(sheng)古跡也多達40余處。如(ru)位(wei)于(yu)天橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)山(shan)(shan)半山(shan)(shan)懸崖脊上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)天橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)古道(dao),據推(tui)算該古道(dao)最遲建(jian)成于(yu)清(qing)康熙以前(qian),是上(shang)(shang)天橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)山(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)必經通(tong)道(dao),“上(shang)(shang)山(shan)(shan)必過橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao),過橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)必打(da)顫”。由(you)于(yu)奇(qi)懸多姿(zi),清(qing)舉人李(li)涌(yong)曾(ceng)賦詩(shi)筆譽“府首洞門(men)青霧(wu)鎖,昆瞻峰頂白云連”。位(wei)于(yu)天橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)山(shan)(shan)頂的(de)(de)北(bei)(bei)(bei)極四(si)庵,威嚴而(er)儀態萬般,分別為修復于(yu)康熙年(nian)間的(de)(de)華巖閣(ge)、娘娘殿、北(bei)(bei)(bei)極宮(gong)和(he)靈宮(gong)殿。位(wei)于(yu)天橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)山(shan)(shan)右側(ce)的(de)(de)杜鵑溪,因杜鵑花繁茂而(er)得名(ming),水質清(qing)純,四(si)季長流;位(wei)于(yu)保(bao)護(hu)區北(bei)(bei)(bei)面的(de)(de)崔龍(long)庵始建(jian)明(ming)清(qing)之間,翠竹蔥茂,有“破竹成兵(bing),攻打(da)朱(zhu)元璋”等美(mei)妙神奇(qi)的(de)(de)傳說;位(wei)于(yu)保(bao)護(hu)區南北(bei)(bei)(bei)腳下的(de)(de)奇(qi)梁洞是著名(ming)的(de)(de)佛教圣(sheng)地。更(geng)為奇(qi)絕的(de)(de)是,登(deng)上(shang)(shang)天橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)山(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)頂,極目窮盡,沅江、峒河(he)像兩條(tiao)飄帶(dai)把(ba)自然保(bao)護(hu)區緊(jin)緊(jin)環(huan)繞(rao),云濤霧(wu)海(hai),如(ru)登(deng)仙境。
天橋山自(zi)然保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)總面積13333公(gong)頃(qing),植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)92個科200余(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其中屬國家(jia)一(yi)級(ji)(ji)保(bao)護(hu)的(de)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)水杉、銀杏2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),屬國家(jia)二級(ji)(ji)保(bao)護(hu)的(de)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)21種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),屬省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)重點保(bao)護(hu)的(de)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)40余(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);野(ye)生動物(wu)(wu)(wu)30目50科1000余(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其中脊椎(zhui)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)350余(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),屬國家(jia)一(yi)級(ji)(ji)保(bao)護(hu)的(de)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)白頸(jing)長尾(wei)雉、黃腹角雉、麝(she)3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),國家(jia)二級(ji)(ji)保(bao)護(hu)的(de)有(you)30種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),省(sheng)重點保(bao)護(hu)的(de)野(ye)生動物(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)100多種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。