太古高(gao)(gao)速(su)公(gong)路西(xi)(xi)山(shan)(shan)隧道(dao)(dao)群(qun)總長15公(gong)里,其中(zhong)(zhong),西(xi)(xi)山(shan)(shan)特長隧道(dao)(dao)長13.6公(gong)里,西(xi)(xi)山(shan)(shan)2號隧道(dao)(dao)長1.4公(gong)里,兩隧道(dao)(dao)進(jin)出(chu)口最小距離180米,這使得太古高(gao)(gao)速(su)公(gong)路工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)成為交(jiao)通(tong)運輸部首批風險評估試點工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng),全(quan)國在建公(gong)路中(zhong)(zhong)公(gong)認施工(gong)(gong)難度(du)第一。
西山隧(sui)(sui)(sui)道(dao)是(shi)全國(guo)(guo)在建(jian)公(gong)路(lu)中最長(chang)的(de)隧(sui)(sui)(sui)道(dao),建(jian)成(cheng)后將成(cheng)為繼秦嶺(ling)隧(sui)(sui)(sui)道(dao)后全國(guo)(guo)第(di)二長(chang)隧(sui)(sui)(sui)道(dao),世界第(di)四(si)的(de)特長(chang)公(gong)路(lu)隧(sui)(sui)(sui)道(dao),該隧(sui)(sui)(sui)道(dao)于2012年10月(yue)主體貫通。整(zheng)條路(lu)全線(xian)橋隧(sui)(sui)(sui)相(xiang)連比(bi)例高達(da)71%。
西山隧(sui)道難掘,從先期的地質(zhi)勘察(cha)就有(you)所體現。2006年(nian),勘察(cha)人員(yuan)開始工(gong)作,每隔50米(mi)(mi),在西山鉆一(yi)個孔(kong)查看地質(zhi)情況,最深700米(mi)(mi),淺處也有(you)150米(mi)(mi)。風吹日曬,荒野(ye)為(wei)路,整個勘察(cha)就耗時(shi)一(yi)年(nian)。
從09年5月(yue)開(kai)始,西山兩個隧洞的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)多工(gong)作面開(kai)掘,太古高速公(gong)路建管(guan)處(chu)(chu)(chu)工(gong)程管(guan)理(li)部(bu)負責(ze)人(ren)丁秀春介紹,在隧道線(xian)路前方,有塌方、突(tu)水(shui)涌泥等重(zhong)大(da)(da)危(wei)(wei)險源31處(chu)(chu)(chu),比(bi)如:山頂離(li)隧道最(zui)深有450米(mi),深埋(mai)地下、蘊藏能(neng)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)巖(yan)層(ceng)被突(tu)然掘開(kai)后,有可能(neng)引發(fa)巖(yan)爆。此外,隧道的(de)(de)(de)(de)線(xian)路,與我市的(de)(de)(de)(de)“供水(shui)生命(ming)線(xian)”———引黃輸水(shui)管(guan)線(xian)交叉4處(chu)(chu)(chu),這(zhe)些直徑3米(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)管(guan)一(yi)旦被挖破,全(quan)市的(de)(de)(de)(de)飲(yin)水(shui)安全(quan)都成問題。與太鋼的(de)(de)(de)(de)超(chao)大(da)(da)壓(ya)(ya)力精粉輸送管(guan)線(xian)交叉7處(chu)(chu)(chu),這(zhe)些壓(ya)(ya)力管(guan)稍微破損,將(jiang)會引起(qi)大(da)(da)爆炸!隧道施工(gong)最(zui)怕碰見巖(yan)石斷層(ceng),斷層(ceng)巖(yan)石破碎(sui),地下水(shui)多,掘進時特別(bie)容易發(fa)生坍塌、突(tu)水(shui)、涌泥。可在西山隧道,不僅要穿越17條破碎(sui)層(ceng)帶外,還要穿越多個高瓦斯煤(mei)層(ceng)、石膏(gao)采(cai)空區(qu)(qu),這(zhe)些采(cai)空區(qu)(qu)都存(cun)在著塌方,瓦斯爆炸的(de)(de)(de)(de)危(wei)(wei)險。
太(tai)原(yuan)西(xi)山(shan)宛(wan)如屏障,橫亙在太(tai)原(yuan)與古交之間。西(xi)山(shan)隧道就在西(xi)山(shan)里面行走(zou)
太原西(xi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)屬呂梁山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)系,背負著(zhu)古(gu)晉陽5000年文(wen)明史。幾十公(gong)里的(de)(de)西(xi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)宛如一架巨長的(de)(de)名(ming)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)屏風。從上蘭村汾河出水口(kou)向(xiang)南排開去有冽(lie)石山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、崛圍山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、嬰山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、石室山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、蒙山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、太山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、龍山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、懸甕山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、天龍山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(方(fang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan))、象山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、廟(miao)前山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(尖(jian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan))、蠶(can)石山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、葦(wei)谷山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、銀牛山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、黑駝(tuo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、七苦山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)等,真是(shi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)清秀,山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)有名(ming)。金代詩(shi)人元(yuan)好問有:“水上西(xi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)如掛屏,郁(yu)郁(yu)蒼(cang)蒼(cang)三十里”的(de)(de)詩(shi)句贊美西(xi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。西(xi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)上人文(wen)古(gu)跡眾多,歷史價值豐厚,西(xi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)是(shi)龍城太原的(de)(de)脊梁,傳為(wei)古(gu)晉陽龍脈之所在(zai)。游人登臨西(xi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),會深感晉陽歷史文(wen)化內涵的(de)(de)深厚底蘊。
冽(lie)石(shi)山距(ju)市(shi)中心23公(gong)里,占地兩(liang)千余(yu)畝(mu)。冽(lie)石(shi)口(kou)山勢壯(zhuang)美雄偉,是汾河(he)的(de)(de)出(chu)口(kou),靠西為全國重點(dian)文(wen)物保(bao)護單位凈因寺(si),寺(si)內大(da)佛(fo)高9.6米,為土所雕,又稱土堂大(da)佛(fo)寺(si),寺(si)為三進院,漢所建北齊重修(xiu)(xiu)、明清又多(duo)次重修(xiu)(xiu)。東臨(lin)汾水、古(gu)柏齊天,土堂怪柏為古(gu)太原八景(jing)(jing)之一。著稱三晉的(de)(de)汾河(he)晚渡(du)名景(jing)(jing)就在寺(si)東汾河(he)處。岸東有全國重點(dian)文(wen)物保(bao)護的(de)(de)晉國竇大(da)夫(fu)祠(ci)。此處左有壁立危峰、清流(liu)潺潺,祠(ci)內古(gu)柏參天,殿宇巍峨(e),建于唐漢之前,祠(ci)左側是勝景(jing)(jing)“冽(lie)石(shi)寒泉”,右上方三里處為傅山廟。景(jing)(jing)區梧桐神(shen)木,二朗神(shen)手印,趙戴(dai)文(wen)故居,傅山先生(sheng)隱居過的(de)(de)朝陽(yang)洞、虹巢氏景(jing)(jing)中之景(jing)(jing)。放河(he)燈、天燈、沙(sha)雕等(deng)民俗文(wen)化眾采(cai)紛(fen)呈。
位于市區西北24公里處。山勢(shi)陡峻,松柏遍野(ye),春日山花競放(fang),秋來紅葉(xie)滿山。“崛圍紅葉(xie)”是太原著名風景之一(yi)。山頂(ding)有(you)全國重點(dian)文物(wu)保護單位多(duo)福寺和七(qi)級舍利塔,寺內藏(zang)有(you)寺觀壁畫和傅(fu)墨(mo)跡。
在太(tai)(tai)原(yuan)西南約(yue)20公里處(chu),晉(jin)祠以北的(de)寺底村(cun),主峰高(gao)(gao)1325米,蒙(meng)(meng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)曉月(yue)為(wei)(wei)(wei)舊太(tai)(tai)原(yuan)八景之一(yi)。公元551年(nian),北齊(qi)文宣帝高(gao)(gao)洋鑿開化寺后大巖為(wei)(wei)(wei)大佛(fo),歷五代24年(nian)始(shi)成(cheng)。稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)西山(shan)(shan)(shan)大佛(fo)。蒙(meng)(meng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)大佛(fo)以山(shan)(shan)(shan)鐫(juan)刻(ke),結跏(jia)趺定(ding)而坐,雙手施禪定(ding)印(yin),佛(fo)體厚胛(jia)肥(fei)肩,佛(fo)超山(shan)(shan)(shan)巒,高(gao)(gao)遏云(yun)天,氣勢非凡。據史稱,佛(fo)高(gao)(gao)“二(er)百(bai)尺”(約(yue)63米)略低于四川樂山(shan)(shan)(shan)大佛(fo),但早于樂山(shan)(shan)(shan)大佛(fo)162年(nian),是我(wo)國最早的(de)露天摩崖石刻(ke)大佛(fo),隋文帝時新(xin)建了庇蓋大佛(fo)的(de)殿閣,唐(tang)高(gao)(gao)宗和武則天曾來(lai)此(ci)禮佛(fo),賜宮內袈裟(sha)。是山(shan)(shan)(shan)西乃至世界(jie)(jie)佛(fo)教、建筑、雕刻(ke)史上的(de)一(yi)大奇(qi)跡,有(you)極高(gao)(gao)的(de)保護和開發價值。近年(nian)來(lai),蒙(meng)(meng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)大佛(fo)引起(qi)了國內有(you)關(guan)學界(jie)(jie)的(de)高(gao)(gao)度關(guan)注;在海外,日本(ben)、韓國及(ji)東南亞佛(fo)教界(jie)(jie)都(dou)特(te)別推崇蒙(meng)(meng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)大佛(fo),尤其日本(ben)佛(fo)教界(jie)(jie),更是推崇蒙(meng)(meng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)大佛(fo),認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)其歷史悠久(jiu)居(ju)中國佛(fo)像之首;國家有(you)關(guan)部(bu)門(men)也(ye)對此(ci)高(gao)(gao)度重視。經過各(ge)方面的(de)努(nu)力,蒙(meng)(meng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)大佛(fo)景區初具(ju)規模。
位于(yu)太(tai)原市(shi)西南23公里(li),山(shan)(shan)中有太(tai)山(shan)(shan)寺四周(zhou)叢林(lin)遍野(ye),古柏掩映,寺隱其間(jian),非登臨不(bu)得(de)(de)見(jian)。據碑文記載,始建于(yu)唐景(jing)云(yun)元年(nian)(710年(nian))。原為(wei)(wei)道教(jiao)廟宇,名昊天祠(ci),明初(chu)改(gai)為(wei)(wei)佛寺。太(tai)山(shan)(shan)自然(ran)景(jing)觀也非常秀麗,滿山(shan)(shan)的(de)灌木黃櫨更是聞名于(yu)世,與龍山(shan)(shan)紅(hong)葉、崛圍紅(hong)葉組成太(tai)原西山(shan)(shan)紅(hong)葉美(mei)景(jing),是一處(chu)不(bu)可多得(de)(de)的(de)融人文景(jing)觀與自然(ran)景(jing)觀于(yu)一體的(de)旅游勝地。2008年(nian)6月11日,山(shan)(shan)西省太(tai)原市(shi)文物(wu)(wu)局在太(tai)山(shan)(shan)龍泉寺發(fa)現一處(chu)建筑遺址,經有關專(zhuan)家(jia)發(fa)掘證實(shi)為(wei)(wei)唐武周(zhou)時期(qi)佛塔基址,基址下發(fa)掘出(chu)一座地宮,地宮內(nei)藏有一個石函(han),石函(han)內(nei)套裝有鎏金(jin)銅(tong)飾(shi)木槨(guo)(guo)(guo)、木胎(tai)鎏金(jin)銅(tong)槨(guo)(guo)(guo)、木胎(tai)銀槨(guo)(guo)(guo)、金(jin)棺,共(gong)計五重棺槨(guo)(guo)(guo)。內(nei)有聚成堆的(de)顆(ke)粒(li)狀物(wu)(wu)體,應為(wei)(wei)舍利(li)。該遺址是佛塔地宮瘞埋舍利(li)的(de)早期(qi)實(shi)例,也是現存地宮中最早的(de)一例;出(chu)土遺物(wu)(wu)等級較高,為(wei)(wei)研究唐代(dai)佛教(jiao)及金(jin)銀器等制作工藝提供了實(shi)物(wu)(wu)資(zi)料。
位(wei)于(yu)太原市西南二(er)十余公里(li)處。龍山童子寺(si)為(wei)北齊(qi)天保(bao)七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(公元556年(nian)(nian)(nian))僧(seng)宏禮(li)禪師創建(jian),相傳有二(er)童子藏(zang)于(yu)比山隱修(xiu),見山石(shi)(shi)儼似(si)世尊,遂鐫佛像,高于(yu)57米,因名童子寺(si)。北齊(qi)文宣帝高洋曾登寺(si)俯瞰(kan)并州(zhou)(今太原)城景。金天輔元年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1117年(nian)(nian)(nian))寺(si)毀于(yu)兵火,明嘉靖元年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1522年(nian)(nian)(nian))重(zhong)建(jian)。寺(si)內建(jian)筑及其石(shi)(shi)雕佛像早(zao)已不存。寺(si)前有燃燈石(shi)(shi)塔(ta),高4.12米,平面六角(jiao)形(xing),下部束腰(yao)基座(zuo)約及全(quan)高之半(ban),塔(ta)身(shen)中空,內置燈室,三面開門,頂部排(pai)煙。塔(ta)身(shen)比例適度,造(zao)形(xing)秀美(mei)。雖歷經1400多年(nian)(nian)(nian)風(feng)雨,依(yi)然如故(gu),是我國已知最古的(de)(de)(de)燃燈石(shi)(shi)塔(ta)。龍山主(zhu)(zhu)峰(feng)極頂,有元初(chu)大道人(ren)宋德芳主(zhu)(zhu)持重(zhong)建(jian)的(de)(de)(de)昊天觀,觀址東側(ce),有石(shi)(shi)窟(ku)八洞,為(wei)國內僅存的(de)(de)(de)元代道教石(shi)(shi)窟(ku)群。龍山道教石(shi)(shi)窟(ku)群為(wei)全(quan)國重(zhong)點(dian)文物保(bao)護單(dan)位(wei)。
位(wei)于(yu)太原市(shi)西(xi)(xi)南二十公(gong)里處。《山海經》中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)“懸(xuan)甕(weng)之山,晉(jin)(jin)水(shui)出焉”的(de)(de)(de)(de)記載。懸(xuan)甕(weng)山下(xia)為(wei)全國(guo)(guo)重點(dian)文(wen)(wen)物(wu)保護單位(wei)晉(jin)(jin)祠(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci),山上(shang)(shang)有(you)(you)懸(xuan)甕(weng)寺。晉(jin)(jin)祠(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)位(wei)于(yu)山西(xi)(xi)太原市(shi)西(xi)(xi)南懸(xuan)甕(weng)山麓,是(shi)集中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)古(gu)代(dai)祭(ji)祀建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)、園(yuan)林(lin)、雕塑(su)(su)、壁(bi)畫、碑刻藝(yi)術(shu)為(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)唯(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)而珍(zhen)貴的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)(shi)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)遺產,也是(shi)世(shi)界建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)、園(yuan)林(lin)、雕刻藝(yi)術(shu)中(zhong)(zhong)公(gong)元(yuan)7世(shi)紀至12世(shi)紀間(jian)極為(wei)輝(hui)煌壯美(mei)(mei)、璀璨絢爛(lan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)篇(pian)章。晉(jin)(jin)祠(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)是(shi)祭(ji)祀西(xi)(xi)周唐(tang)國(guo)(guo)諸(zhu)侯姬虞的(de)(de)(de)(de)祠(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)堂,創建(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)西(xi)(xi)周(公(gong)元(yuan)前(qian)11世(shi)紀)。1500年前(qian),在(zai)(zai)(zai)北魏酈道元(yuan)《水(shui)經注(zhu)》中(zhong)(zhong)記載晉(jin)(jin)祠(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)已有(you)(you)相當規模。后經北齊、隋(sui)、唐(tang)、五代(dai)、宋(song)(song)(song)、金、元(yuan)、明、清及民國(guo)(guo)諸(zhu)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi),歷經2000多(duo)年的(de)(de)(de)(de)擘劃營(ying)造和修葺擴充,遂成(cheng)當今規模。其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)于(yu)公(gong)元(yuan)7世(shi)紀至12世(shi)紀間(jian)最(zui)(zui)為(wei)興盛(sheng),是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)唐(tang)、宋(song)(song)(song)古(gu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)園(yuan)林(lin)、雕刻藝(yi)術(shu)之典范。保存至今的(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)盛(sheng)唐(tang)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)碑刻,宋(song)(song)(song)、元(yuan)、明、清不同時(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)古(gu)代(dai)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)100余座(zuo),特別是(shi)主(zhu)體(ti)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)圣母(mu)(mu)殿被譽(yu)為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)古(gu)代(dai)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)史(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang)唯(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)具(ju)有(you)(you)典型性的(de)(de)(de)(de)北宋(song)(song)(song)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)代(dai)表性建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)實(shi)例(li)。保存在(zai)(zai)(zai)圣母(mu)(mu)殿內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)宋(song)(song)(song)塑(su)(su)群像(xiang)突破了宋(song)(song)(song)以前(qian)宗教造像(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)模式,而成(cheng)為(wei)當時(shi)(shi)社會(hui)上(shang)(shang)真實(shi)人(ren)物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)寫照,開創了雕塑(su)(su)藝(yi)術(shu)寫實(shi)作品的(de)(de)(de)(de)先河(he),它不僅(jin)是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)雕塑(su)(su)史(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang)唯(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)反映(ying)宮廷人(ren)物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)造像(xiang),而且是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)雕塑(su)(su)史(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang)藝(yi)術(shu)高超的(de)(de)(de)(de)罕見精品。晉(jin)(jin)祠(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)以其(qi)獨具(ju)匠心的(de)(de)(de)(de)總體(ti)布局,使建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)伴之以奔流不息的(de)(de)(de)(de)難老泉水(shui)、古(gu)樹名(ming)(ming)木(mu),將建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)空間(jian)和自然(ran)景色融為(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)體(ti),人(ren)工美(mei)(mei)與(yu)自然(ran)美(mei)(mei)巧妙地(di)糅和在(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)起,集中(zhong)(zhong)體(ti)現(xian)了中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)傳統建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)“天人(ren)合(he)一(yi)(yi)(yi),物(wu)我(wo)相融”的(de)(de)(de)(de)理念。晉(jin)(jin)祠(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)創建(jian)(jian)(jian)年代(dai)久(jiu)遠(yuan),跨越時(shi)(shi)空漫(man)長(chang),所處地(di)理位(wei)置優(you)越,自然(ran)景色幽美(mei)(mei),是(shi)許多(duo)祠(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)廟建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)難以比擬的(de)(de)(de)(de)。晉(jin)(jin)祠(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)以大量的(de)(de)(de)(de)古(gu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)、雕塑(su)(su)、碑刻、壁(bi)畫、古(gu)樹名(ming)(ming)木(mu),從不同的(de)(de)(de)(de)側面反映(ying)了中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)古(gu)代(dai)政治(zhi)、經濟、建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)、園(yuan)林(lin)、雕塑(su)(su)、宗教、文(wen)(wen)化(hua)等(deng)諸(zhu)多(duo)領域的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展變化(hua),晉(jin)(jin)祠(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)(shi)、藝(yi)術(shu)、科學和鑒(jian)賞價值(zhi),使其(qi)成(cheng)為(wei)古(gu)代(dai)宗祠(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)與(yu)園(yuan)林(lin)藝(yi)術(shu)相結合(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)且跨越的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)(shi)最(zui)(zui)長(chang)又最(zui)(zui)具(ju)代(dai)表性的(de)(de)(de)(de)唯(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)實(shi)例(li),也是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)古(gu)代(dai)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)和人(ren)類建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)藝(yi)術(shu)寶庫中(zhong)(zhong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)份最(zui)(zui)珍(zhen)貴的(de)(de)(de)(de)遺產。
原名(ming)(ming)方山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),位于(yu)太(tai)原市西南(nan)36公里(li),距晉(jin)(jin)祠(ci)景(jing)區(qu)14公里(li)。有專用公路(lu)相連。天龍(long)(long)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)屏峰(feng)黛立,松(song)柏成蔭(yin),溪泉鳴澗,氣(qi)候涼(liang)爽。早在東魏時高歡(huan)建(jian)了(le)避暑宮,北(bei)齊(qi)高洋(yang)建(jian)了(le)天龍(long)(long)寺,并都(dou)開(kai)鑿(zao)(zao)了(le)石(shi)(shi)窟(ku)(ku)。山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)因(yin)寺而(er)得名(ming)(ming),寺因(yin)窟(ku)(ku)而(er)著(zhu)(zhu)稱,從此,天龍(long)(long)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)聲名(ming)(ming)大(da)振。天龍(long)(long)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)景(jing)區(qu)包括晉(jin)(jin)祠(ci)鎮(zhen)的(de)(de)武坡、南(nan)坪、窯頭(tou)三(san)個自然(ran)村和柳子溝源(yuan)(yuan)頭(tou)的(de)(de)南(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、北(bei)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(即天龍(long)(long)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)),占地約185公頃。山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)中(zhong)多砂頁巖,呈(cheng)現出(chu)奇(qi)特的(de)(de)地質地貌(mao);山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)上(shang)多山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)泉,有豐富的(de)(de)泉源(yuan)(yuan);山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)內(nei)多林木,森林覆蓋率(lv)達70%;山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)間多鳥(niao)獸(shou),屬國(guo)家(jia)一、二(er)類保護動物有二(er)十多種(zhong)。景(jing)區(qu)風光秀(xiu)麗,山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)不(bu)(bu)高而(er)挺拔(ba),清(qing)幽涼(liang)爽;樹不(bu)(bu)大(da)而(er)茂密,萬木崢嶸(rong)。古(gu)有“天龍(long)(long)八(ba)景(jing)”,是(shi)著(zhu)(zhu)名(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)旅(lv)游(you)勝地。現今(jin),它是(shi)晉(jin)(jin)祠(ci)——天龍(long)(long)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)風景(jing)名(ming)(ming)勝區(qu)的(de)(de)組成部分(fen),天龍(long)(long)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)國(guo)家(jia)森林公園(yuan)的(de)(de)主體。全(quan)國(guo)重(zhong)點文物保護單位天龍(long)(long)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)石(shi)(shi)窟(ku)(ku)創建(jian)于(yu)東魏(公元534—550年),高歡(huan)在天龍(long)(long)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)開(kai)鑿(zao)(zao)石(shi)(shi)窟(ku)(ku),高歡(huan)之子高洋(yang)建(jian)立北(bei)齊(qi)的(de)(de)晉(jin)(jin)陽(yang)為(wei)別都(dou),繼(ji)續在天龍(long)(long)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)開(kai)鑿(zao)(zao)石(shi)(shi)窟(ku)(ku)。隋代楊廣為(wei)晉(jin)(jin)王,繼(ji)續開(kai)鑿(zao)(zao)石(shi)(shi)窟(ku)(ku),唐代李淵父子起家(jia)于(yu)晉(jin)(jin)陽(yang),建(jian)造石(shi)(shi)窟(ku)(ku)達到高峰(feng)。石(shi)(shi)窟(ku)(ku)分(fen)布在天龍(long)(long)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東西兩峰(feng)的(de)(de)懸崖腰部,有東魏,北(bei)齊(qi)、隋、唐開(kai)鑿(zao)(zao)的(de)(de)24個洞窟(ku)(ku),東峰(feng)八(ba)窟(ku)(ku),西峰(feng)十三(san)窟(ku)(ku),山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)北(bei)3窟(ku)(ku)。現存石(shi)(shi)窟(ku)(ku)造像1500余(yu)尊,浮(fu)雕、藻井、畫像1144幅。天龍(long)(long)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)上(shang),還有遍山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)松(song)柏,尤以(yi)盤龍(long)(long)古(gu)松(song)龍(long)(long)游(you)神(shen)盤,縱(zong)橫纏繞,為(wei)天龍(long)(long)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)上(shang)又一奇(qi)觀。
為天主教圣地。自然風光(guang)優美,通(tong)過(guo)“之”字形山路通(tong)向山頂(ding),過(guo)14處“耶穌(su)受難(nan)”點,進入(ru)“上天之門”,再(zai)登39級(ji)臺階,展(zhan)現(xian)在眼前的(de)是(shi)中西合璧(bi)的(de)祭壇和主殿。七苦山在天主教歷史上占有重要地位,是(shi)省內外天主教友重要活動場所之一。每年的(de)9月15日(ri)有數萬天主教徒到此朝拜(bai)。
天(tian)(tian)龍山(shan)(shan)(shan)天(tian)(tian)龍寺(si)(si),龍山(shan)(shan)(shan)童(tong)子寺(si)(si),蒙(meng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)開(kai)化(hua)(hua)寺(si)(si)三處(chu)(chu)都有(you)(you)(you)大佛(fo)(fo)(fo),哪(na)處(chu)(chu)是(shi)“西(xi)(xi)(xi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)大佛(fo)(fo)(fo)”呢!史學家說(shuo)法不(bu)一,有(you)(you)(you)說(shuo)“即天(tian)(tian)龍山(shan)(shan)(shan)造(zao)(zao)像”,有(you)(you)(you)說(shuo)“在(zai)(zai)蒙(meng)山(shan)(shan)(shan),但(dan)已(yi)不(bu)存在(zai)(zai)了”。《北齊(qi)書》載(zai):“鑿(zao)晉(jin)陽(yang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)為大佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像,一夜(ye)燃油萬(wan)盆(pen),光(guang)照宮內(nei)”。“宮”指歷史上(shang)著名的(de)晉(jin)陽(yang)宮,遺址(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)晉(jin)源鎮古(gu)(gu)城(cheng)營(ying)村九龍廟一帶,看來哪(na)尊(zun)大佛(fo)(fo)(fo)處(chu)(chu)“燃油萬(wan)盆(pen)”光(guang)能照到古(gu)(gu)城(cheng)營(ying)村,便是(shi)那(nei)尊(zun)大佛(fo)(fo)(fo)。天(tian)(tian)龍山(shan)(shan)(shan)大佛(fo)(fo)(fo)在(zai)(zai)古(gu)(gu)城(cheng)營(ying)村西(xi)(xi)(xi)南三十(shi)余里(li)(li),中間(jian)有(you)(you)(you)龍山(shan)(shan)(shan)阻隔,光(guang)照不(bu)到古(gu)(gu)城(cheng)營(ying)村,可見“天(tian)(tian)龍山(shan)(shan)(shan)造(zao)(zao)像”并(bing)非“西(xi)(xi)(xi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)大佛(fo)(fo)(fo)”。至于(yu)龍山(shan)(shan)(shan)童(tong)于(yu)寺(si)(si)大佛(fo)(fo)(fo),碑刻方志都載(zai)有(you)(you)(you)這(zhe)尊(zun)大佛(fo)(fo)(fo)鑿(zao)于(yu)北齊(qi)天(tian)(tian)保七年(556),其事在(zai)(zai)高緯鑿(zao)成大佛(fo)(fo)(fo)之(zhi)前,說(shuo)明這(zhe)也不(bu)是(shi)“西(xi)(xi)(xi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)大佛(fo)(fo)(fo)”,那(nei)就(jiu)只(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)蒙(meng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)開(kai)化(hua)(hua)寺(si)(si)大佛(fo)(fo)(fo)了。蒙(meng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)開(kai)化(hua)(hua)寺(si)(si)在(zai)(zai)“文革’中已(yi)毀,現寺(si)(si)發(fa)現殘(can)存斷碑中有(you)(you)(you)五代劉智遠《重修蒙(meng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)開(kai)化(hua)(hua)莊(zhuang)嚴閣記(ji)》碑,碑載(zai)“西(xi)(xi)(xi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)大佛(fo)(fo)(fo)”就(jiu)在(zai)(zai)這(zhe)里(li)(li)。并(bing)且記(ji)載(zai):像在(zai)(zai)“寺(si)(si)后一里(li)(li)”。后寺(si)(si)已(yi)不(bu)存在(zai)(zai),地稱“大肚崖”。近觀石(shi)(shi)巖(yan)如大肚,遙望,胸(xiong)、臂分明,無頭(tou),原是(shi)一座山(shan)(shan)(shan)巖(yan)鑿(zao)成。一個石(shi)(shi)刻巨人胸(xiong)頸兀突現于(yu)群山(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)間(jian),爬上(shang)巨人頸上(shang)東(dong)南眺望,山(shan)(shan)(shan)豁間(jian)可見二十(shi)里(li)(li)外古(gu)(gu)城(cheng)營(ying)村,晉(jin)陽(yang)宮遺址(zhi)(zhi)處(chu)(chu)就(jiu)在(zai)(zai)眼前,確是(shi)可以“燃油萬(wan)盆(pen),光(guang)照宮內(nei)”的(de),這(zhe)一石(shi)(shi)刻巨人,就(jiu)是(shi)“晉(jin)陽(yang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)大佛(fo)(fo)(fo)”。