在(zai)(zai)世界眾多(duo)怪(guai)雨中(zhong),要數魚雨為數最多(duo)。魚雨在(zai)(zai)英國(guo)、美國(guo)和澳(ao)大利(li)亞(ya)(ya)屢見不(bu)鮮,尤其(qi)是(shi)澳(ao)大利(li)亞(ya)(ya),魚雨經常出(chu)現,以至報紙已不(bu)愿再刊登這類令(ling)人乏(fa)味(wei)的消(xiao)息。
魚(yu)(yu)雨(yu)一直發生在(zai)拉丁美(mei)洲(zhou),成為很多國(guo)家(jia)的民間傳說。據說在(zai)魚(yu)(yu)雨(yu)到來之前,天(tian)上烏(wu)云滾滾,大風呼嘯,強風暴雨(yu)大約持續2到3小時之后,數百條活(huo)魚(yu)(yu)在(zai)地面上。人們把(ba)這(zhe)些地上的新鮮(xian)活(huo)魚(yu)(yu)拿(na)回家(jia)烹飪,看(kan)似多可笑的事(shi)情啊,可是它卻真實存在(zai)著。自從(cong)1998年(nian)的一場魚(yu)(yu)雨(yu)后,洪都拉斯(si)國(guo)家(jia)的Yoro城(cheng)市在(zai)每年(nian)都會(hui)過(guo)這(zhe)個“魚(yu)(yu)雨(yu)”節。
從加(jia)利福尼亞到(dao)英國再(zai)到(dao)印(yin)度,也(ye)不(bu)斷(duan)有(you)關多(duo)魚形式的(de)(de)降(jiang)雨的(de)(de)報(bao)道(dao):一些(xie)小(xiao)(xiao)動物,例如魚、青蛙和(he)蛇偶爾會(hui)出人(ren)意(yi)(yi)料地(di)從空(kong)中落下,有(you)時(shi)(shi)候是(shi)在(zai)離水域(yu)數英里(li)(li)遠的(de)(de)地(di)方。這是(shi)因(yin)為在(zai)湖泊(bo)或海洋上(shang)方急速旋(xuan)轉的(de)(de)海龍(long)卷(juan)可(ke)能(neng)(neng)會(hui)把(ba)水以及水里(li)(li)的(de)(de)一切東(dong)西帶進云層中,然后通過強風(feng)(feng)攜帶、可(ke)能(neng)(neng)遠途“旅行”降(jiang)落到(dao)其他地(di)方,形成規(gui)模不(bu)等、形式各(ge)異的(de)(de)“雨”。龍(long)卷(juan)風(feng)(feng)根據它發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)在(zai)陸(lu)地(di)還是(shi)海上(shang),可(ke)分(fen)為陸(lu)龍(long)卷(juan)和(he)海龍(long)卷(juan),海龍(long)卷(juan)的(de)(de)直(zhi)徑(jing)一般比(bi)陸(lu)龍(long)卷(juan)略小(xiao)(xiao),其強度較大,維持時(shi)(shi)間較長,在(zai)海上(shang)往往是(shi)集群(qun)出現(xian)。在(zai)大洋上(shang)易發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)臺風(feng)(feng)或颶風(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)海區,也(ye)容易發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)海龍(long)卷(juan),值得注意(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)是(shi)當(dang)出現(xian)厄爾尼諾(nuo)(nuo)現(xian)象時(shi)(shi),海龍(long)卷(juan)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)的(de)(de)次數就(jiu)會(hui)增多(duo),顯而易見,厄爾尼諾(nuo)(nuo)現(xian)象的(de)(de)出現(xian),反映(ying)著太平洋東(dong)部赤道(dao)海區附近及其以南海域(yu)的(de)(de)大規(gui)模增溫現(xian)象。
從海龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)群發生成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)長(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)過程,可以(yi)把其(qi)(qi)分(fen)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)多(duo)(duo)個成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)長(chang)階段。在(zai)海龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)群中最成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)熟的(de)(de)(de)(de)要推“母(mu)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)氣(qi)(qi)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)”,依次是(shi)(shi)(shi)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)氣(qi)(qi)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)族(zu)、龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)氣(qi)(qi)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)、龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)渦(wo)(wo)(wo)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)、龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)漏(lou)斗(dou)(dou)、吸管渦(wo)(wo)(wo)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan),構成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個完整(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)家族(zu)。其(qi)(qi)相互關系是(shi)(shi)(shi):母(mu)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)氣(qi)(qi)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)多(duo)(duo)個龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)氣(qi)(qi)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de),它的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用范圍在(zai)10-20公里,其(qi)(qi)威力屬海龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)之首(shou);龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)氣(qi)(qi)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)各個龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)渦(wo)(wo)(wo)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),作(zuo)(zuo)用尺(chi)度在(zai)3-10公里;龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)渦(wo)(wo)(wo)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)也(ye)稱小龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)氣(qi)(qi)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan),是(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)多(duo)(duo)個龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)漏(lou)斗(dou)(dou)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),作(zuo)(zuo)用在(zai)1-3公里范圍內;龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)漏(lou)斗(dou)(dou)也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)通常(chang)所(suo)見的(de)(de)(de)(de)漏(lou)斗(dou)(dou)云(yun)(yun),它的(de)(de)(de)(de)尺(chi)度約為300米,一(yi)(yi)(yi)根漏(lou)斗(dou)(dou)云(yun)(yun)里,有(you)兩個甚至(zhi)三個以(yi)上(shang)吸管渦(wo)(wo)(wo)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan),所(suo)以(yi)也(ye)稱母(mu)渦(wo)(wo)(wo)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan);吸管渦(wo)(wo)(wo)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)海龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)群中最年輕的(de)(de)(de)(de),它的(de)(de)(de)(de)尺(chi)度一(yi)(yi)(yi)般不超過30米,但其(qi)(qi)破壞力卻是(shi)(shi)(shi)最大的(de)(de)(de)(de),有(you)時比臺風(feng)(feng)威力還(huan)大,主(zhu)要是(shi)(shi)(shi)它那渦(wo)(wo)(wo)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)軸范圍小氣(qi)(qi)壓(ya)梯(ti)度特別大,壓(ya)力差可達20百(bai)帕(pa)以(yi)上(shang),為臺風(feng)(feng)內部平均氣(qi)(qi)壓(ya)差的(de)(de)(de)(de)幾百(bai)倍甚至(zhi)上(shang)千(qian)倍,因(yin)此其(qi)(qi)內部風(feng)(feng)速極大,多(duo)(duo)在(zai)每秒100米以(yi)上(shang),要比臺風(feng)(feng)大幾倍,所(suo)經之處常(chang)能造成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)極嚴重的(de)(de)(de)(de)災害(hai),海龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)能把海上(shang)船只(zhi)和水以(yi)及水里的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)切東西帶進(jin)云(yun)(yun)層中,這些暴風(feng)(feng)云(yun)(yun)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)強風(feng)(feng)則攜帶著卷(juan)進(jin)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)東西長(chang)途穿行,然后(hou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)股(gu)腦兒(er)的(de)(de)(de)(de)將它們傾倒在(zai)毫無準備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)人或建筑物(wu)之上(shang)。魚(yu)從天而(er)降,這就是(shi)(shi)(shi)海龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用,即是(shi)(shi)(shi)“魚(yu)雨(yu)”形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原因(yin)。
除了(le)魚雨(yu)(yu)(yu)外,據有關資(zi)料記載,1881年英國(guo)伍斯(si)特城下(xia)過(guo)一(yi)(yi)(yi)場(chang)螃蟹雨(yu)(yu)(yu)和蝸牛雨(yu)(yu)(yu)。1979年在維(wei)多利亞城附近的(de)卡里希地(di)區,下(xia)過(guo)蝦(xia)(xia)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)和淡水魚雨(yu)(yu)(yu)。19世紀初,在丹麥下(xia)的(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)場(chang)蝦(xia)(xia)雨(yu)(yu)(yu),足(zu)足(zu)有20分鐘時間(jian),1933年,前蘇聯遠東科瓦利托活下(xia)了(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)場(chang)罕見的(de)海蜇雨(yu)(yu)(yu)。
據(ju)澳大利亞(ya)媒體(ti)2010年(nian)3月2日報道,天(tian)(tian)(tian)上下(xia)雨不(bu)是新(xin)聞(wen),但天(tian)(tian)(tian)上“下(xia)魚”大概是許(xu)多人聞(wen)所未聞(wen)的(de)奇聞(wen)。澳大利亞(ya)北(bei)部地(di)區的(de)拉加(jia)馬(ma)奴鎮(zhen)日前竟連續下(xia)了(le)(le)2天(tian)(tian)(tian)“魚雨”,成(cheng)千上萬條小魚竟從天(tian)(tian)(tian)而(er)降,而(er)這些(xie)魚落(luo)到地(di)面(mian)時居(ju)然仍是活著(zhu)的(de)!專家(jia)推測,這些(xie)小魚很可能是在(zai)一(yi)場龍(long)卷(juan)風(feng)(feng)中,隨著(zhu)河水一(yi)起被(bei)狂(kuang)風(feng)(feng)卷(juan)入到數(shu)萬英(ying)尺空中,繼而(er)隨風(feng)(feng)在(zai)空中“飛行(xing)”了(le)(le)數(shu)百公(gong)里,最終在(zai)拉加(jia)馬(ma)奴鎮(zhen)上空落(luo)下(xia),從而(er)形(xing)成(cheng)了(le)(le)天(tian)(tian)(tian)降“魚雨”的(de)奇觀(guan)。
魚(yu)雨在(zai)拉(la)丁美洲(zhou),成為很多(duo)國(guo)家的民(min)間傳說。據說在(zai)魚(yu)雨到(dao)來之(zhi)前,天上(shang)烏云滾(gun)滾(gun),大風(feng)呼(hu)嘯,強風(feng)暴雨大約持續2到(dao)3小(xiao)時之(zhi)后,數百條活魚(yu)在(zai)地(di)面上(shang)。人(ren)們把(ba)這(zhe)些(xie)地(di)上(shang)的新鮮活魚(yu)拿(na)回家烹(peng)飪,看似多(duo)可笑的事情啊,可是它卻真實存在(zai)著(zhu)。自從1998年的一場魚(yu)雨后,洪(hong)都拉(la)斯(si)國(guo)家的Yoro城(cheng)市在(zai)每年都會過這(zhe)個“魚(yu)雨”節(jie)。
瀕臨加(jia)勒比(bi)海的(de)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)都(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)拉(la)斯(si)人(ren)很喜歡吃魚(yu)(yu)。有(you)趣的(de)是(shi)在(zai)每(mei)年(nian)的(de)5月至7月間(jian),洪(hong)(hong)(hong)都(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)拉(la)斯(si)的(de)一(yi)些地(di)區都(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)會下(xia)魚(yu)(yu)雨(yu)。這種現(xian)象已經有(you)些年(nian)頭(tou)了(le),如今(jin)更被(bei)寫進許多民(min)俗(su)故(gu)事中。記者沒(mei)有(you)親(qin)眼見(jian)過(guo)(guo)天(tian)上(shang)掉魚(yu)(yu)的(de)奇(qi)觀。據(ju)說魚(yu)(yu)雨(yu)來臨之前(qian),天(tian)上(shang)烏云滾滾,大(da)風(feng)呼嘯,強風(feng)暴雨(yu)大(da)約持續(xu)兩(liang)三個(ge)小時(shi)之后,數百條活魚(yu)(yu),便落在(zai)地(di)上(shang)。從1989年(nian)開(kai)始,洪(hong)(hong)(hong)都(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)拉(la)斯(si)人(ren)每(mei)年(nian)都(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)慶祝魚(yu)(yu)雨(yu)節。2006年(nian),洪(hong)(hong)(hong)都(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)拉(la)斯(si)電視(shi)臺曾(ceng)(ceng)報道(dao)過(guo)(guo)魚(yu)(yu)雨(yu)出(chu)(chu)現(xian)過(guo)(guo)兩(liang)次。記者曾(ceng)(ceng)打聽過(guo)(guo)魚(yu)(yu)雨(yu)的(de)成因(yin),不過(guo)(guo)得到(dao)的(de)回(hui)答(da)都(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)是(shi)“民(min)間(jian)傳說”版:1856年(nian),一(yi)個(ge)叫(jiao)蘇比(bi)讓拿的(de)西班(ban)牙神父來到(dao)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)都(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)拉(la)斯(si)。為了(le)幫助窮人(ren),他連續(xu)三天(tian)祈禱(dao),請神賜予食物。自那(nei)時(shi)起就(jiu)開(kai)始下(xia)魚(yu)(yu)雨(yu)了(le)。其(qi)實魚(yu)(yu)雨(yu)在(zai)世界其(qi)它地(di)方也(ye)出(chu)(chu)現(xian)過(guo)(guo),大(da)多時(shi)候(hou)和龍卷風(feng)等天(tian)氣現(xian)象有(you)關。不過(guo)(guo)像洪(hong)(hong)(hong)都(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)拉(la)斯(si)這樣集中,還真是(shi)罕見(jian)。
1949年8月,在(zai)新西蘭沿岸地(di)(di)區(qu)下(xia)了一場(chang)(chang)魚(yu)(yu)雨(yu)(yu),成千(qian)上萬尾魚(yu)(yu)撒滿一地(di)(di),有(you)鱈(xue)魚(yu)(yu)、銀槍魚(yu)(yu)、黑魚(yu)(yu)等等,無奇不(bu)有(you)。雨(yu)(yu)過(guo)天(tian)晴,人(ren)(ren)們紛紛拾(shi)魚(yu)(yu),大(da)飽了口(kou)福。1949年10月23日上午,美(mei)國路易斯安那州馬克斯維下(xia)了一場(chang)(chang)魚(yu)(yu)雨(yu)(yu),生物學家巴伊科夫親自收集了一大(da)瓶制作標本。美(mei)國圣(sheng)迭戈(ge)下(xia)了一場(chang)(chang)魚(yu)(yu)雨(yu)(yu),有(you)沙丁(ding)魚(yu)(yu)和鱈(xue)魚(yu)(yu),居民十分驚奇。1974年2月,澳大(da)利亞(ya)的(de)一個村子里,降下(xia)了150多條(tiao)河鱸似的(de)銀漢魚(yu)(yu)。1975年,英國電臺記者(zhe)羅(luo)納·薩班斯爾講述了他親身經歷的(de)那次魚(yu)(yu)雨(yu)(yu)趣事:那是第二次世界大(da)戰期間(jian),羅(luo)納在(zai)駐緬甸的(de)英軍(jun)中服(fu)役,部隊來(lai)(lai)到緬甸巴基斯坦(tan)相連的(de)庫(ku)米拉(la)城。這里淡水奇缺,每人(ren)(ren)每天(tian)只能(neng)喝上幾口(kou)水。一天(tian),天(tian)上烏云(yun)滾(gun)滾(gun),大(da)風呼嘯(xiao),眼見(jian)一場(chang)(chang)暴雨(yu)(yu)即將來(lai)(lai)臨。羅(luo)納立刻脫去衣服(fu),身上涂上肥(fei)皂,站在(zai)空地(di)(di)上想痛(tong)快地(di)(di)洗個澡。雨(yu)(yu)下(xia)來(lai)(lai)了,可那不(bu)是雨(yu)(yu)水,而是一條(tiao)條(tiao)沙丁(ding)魚(yu)(yu),打得他身上很痛(tong)很痛(tong),不(bu)一會(hui)羅(luo)納已(yi)被埋在(zai)幾萬條(tiao)沙丁(ding)魚(yu)(yu)堆中,他掙扎了很久,才從(cong)魚(yu)(yu)堆中爬出逃回房間(jian)。