與土(tu)壤環境關(guan)系:長白(bai)山五(wu)味(wei)子(zi)喜(xi)濕(shi)潤、肥沃、腐質(zhi)層(ceng)深厚、微酸性的(de)暗(an)棕色森(sen)林土(tu)壤或砂質(zhi)土(tu)壤,通氣透水性好,養(yang)分供應充足。
據考(kao)證,長(chang)白山(shan)五味(wei)子(zi)開發利(li)用(yong)已有(you)百余(yu)年歷史。《長(chang)白山(shan)匯征(zheng)錄(lu)》(宣統元年)卷六(liu)藥(yao)品(pin)篇詳細記(ji)(ji)述五味(wei)子(zi)的性味(wei)、功效、采收時(shi)間及加(jia)工(gong)方法,并(bing)記(ji)(ji)載(zai)了當時(shi)“行銷(xiao)內地(di),每(mei)歲(sui)所得價值次(ci)于人參”的暢銷(xiao)景象。《臨(lin)江縣(xian)志(zhi)》(1902~1934)記(ji)(ji)載(zai),“五味(wei)子(zi):其形如珠(zhu),其色最紅,善備(bei)五味(wei),故有(you)五味(wei)子(zi)之稱,能止(zhi)痰補(bu)腎,亦為出口藥(yao)材之大宗。”當時(shi)全市有(you)十家(jia)山(shan)貨(huo)莊經營長(chang)白山(shan)五味(wei)子(zi)。《撫松(song)(song)縣(xian)人參志(zhi)》記(ji)(ji)載(zai),撫松(song)(song)縣(xian)制(zhi)(zhi)藥(yao)廠和原撫松(song)(song)國營第二(er)參場(chang)1985年研制(zhi)(zhi)五味(wei)子(zi)沖劑、五味(wei)子(zi)濃(nong)縮汁、五味(wei)子(zi)香檳原漿等精深加(jia)工(gong)制(zhi)(zhi)品(pin),早在(zai)30多年前就(jiu)已經行銷(xiao)各(ge)地(di)。
長(chang)(chang)白山(shan)五味子(zi)地理(li)標志(zhi)產(chan)品保護(hu)產(chan)地范圍為吉(ji)林省長(chang)(chang)白縣(xian)(xian)、靖(jing)宇縣(xian)(xian)、撫松縣(xian)(xian)、臨(lin)江(jiang)市(shi)(shi)、白山(shan)市(shi)(shi)江(jiang)源(yuan)區(qu)(qu)、白山(shan)市(shi)(shi)八道(dao)江(jiang)區(qu)(qu)、集安市(shi)(shi)、通(tong)化縣(xian)(xian)、輝南(nan)縣(xian)(xian)、梅河口市(shi)(shi)、柳河縣(xian)(xian),通(tong)化市(shi)(shi)東昌區(qu)(qu)、二道(dao)江(jiang)區(qu)(qu),樺甸市(shi)(shi)、蛟河市(shi)(shi)、永(yong)吉(ji)縣(xian)(xian)、舒蘭市(shi)(shi)、磐(pan)石市(shi)(shi)、汪清縣(xian)(xian)、安圖縣(xian)(xian)、敦(dun)化市(shi)(shi)、和(he)龍市(shi)(shi)、琿(hun)春市(shi)(shi)、延吉(ji)市(shi)(shi)、龍井市(shi)(shi)及(ji)長(chang)(chang)白山(shan)保護(hu)開發(fa)區(qu)(qu)管理(li)委員會(hui)池北區(qu)(qu)、池西(xi)區(qu)(qu)、池南(nan)區(qu)(qu)28個市(shi)(shi)區(qu)(qu)縣(xian)(xian)現轄行政區(qu)(qu)域。
感官特征
長白山五味子呈球狀顆粒,直徑5~8mm,表面紫紅(hong)色(se)或暗紅(hong)色(se),皺(zhou)縮,顯油(you)性。果(guo)肉柔軟,肉厚。內含(han)種子2粒。種子腎形,長4~5mm,寬3~4mm,表面棕黃色(se),有光澤,種皮(pi)脆硬(ying),種仁黃白色(se),富(fu)油(you)性。果(guo)肉氣微,味酸甘(gan);種子破(po)碎后有清香氣,味辛、微苦。