一.產品介紹
在(zai)(zai)黑龍江(jiang)民間有句話(hua)流(liu)傳(chuan):“呼蘭的(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)蔥、阿(a)(a)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)、雙城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)“菇娘(niang)”不(bu)用(yong)(yong)看!”阿(a)(a)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)區大(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)生產(chan)早在(zai)(zai)1115年,女真族首領完顏阿(a)(a)骨打建立(li)大(da)(da)(da)(da)金(jin)(jin)帝國(guo),定都(dou)今阿(a)(a)什河畔(pan)白城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)村,史稱“金(jin)(jin)上京會寧(ning)府”,歷(li)經 4 帝 38 年,種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植的(de)(de)(de)作物品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)就以大(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)為(wei)主,至今有900年的(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史。民國(guo)3年(1914年),阿(a)(a)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植面積就達1300畝。 阿(a)(a)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan),浸滿了(le)厚重的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)代文(wen)化(hua)。尤(you)其是金(jin)(jin)上京遺(yi)址中(zhong)(zhong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植的(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan),更(geng)是充滿了(le)歷(li)史的(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)奇(qi)。且不(bu)說(shuo)人(ren)們流(liu)傳(chuan)的(de)(de)(de)阿(a)(a)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)可以當殺菌藥(yao)用(yong)(yong),也不(bu)說(shuo)當年金(jin)(jin)太祖每(mei)天都(dou)要吃幾頭紫皮大(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan),更(geng)不(bu)說(shuo)當年一百姓進貢一麻袋大(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)換回來一麻袋金(jin)(jin)子。只(zhi)是在(zai)(zai)皇(huang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址里邊種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植大(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan),就足以加重阿(a)(a)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)的(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史文(wen)化(hua)氛圍。1996年阿(a)(a)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)被(bei)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)特產(chan)協會命名(ming)為(wei)“中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)北方大(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)之(zhi)鄉”
二.自然生態環(huan)境和人文歷史(shi)因素
1.土(tu)(tu)壤地貌情況:阿(a)城大(da)蒜(suan)生產地域阿(a)什(shen)河街南城村、白城村、東環(huan)(huan)村,雙(shuang)豐鎮雙(shuang)蘭(lan)村,生態環(huan)(huan)境(jing)良(liang)好,該地區(qu)(qu)土(tu)(tu)地資源豐富(fu),以黑土(tu)(tu)為主;地力肥(fei)沃(wo),土(tu)(tu)壤pH值5.5-7.0、有機質(zhi)4-6%、全(quan)氮0.2-0.3%、全(quan)磷0.044-0.065%。該地區(qu)(qu)土(tu)(tu)壤肥(fei)沃(wo),土(tu)(tu)質(zhi)疏松,耕性良(liang)好,保水(shui)保肥(fei)力強,適合(he)作物生長。且(qie)屬廣(guang)闊的農田區(qu)(qu),環(huan)(huan)境(jing)容(rong)量大(da),區(qu)(qu)域環(huan)(huan)境(jing)質(zhi)量較好。
2.水(shui)文(wen)情況:該(gai)地區范圍內的河流屬(shu)松花江(jiang)水(shui)系,汛期(qi)往往受松花江(jiang)水(shui)影響,水(shui)量集中。水(shui)源(yuan)為地下水(shui),灌(guan)溉多(duo)井灌(guan),種(zhong)植業(ye)灌(guan)溉水(shui)水(shui)質(zhi)符合(he)無(wu)公害食品相應標(biao)準的要求,水(shui)質(zhi)質(zhi)量合(he)格,適宜生產(chan)無(wu)公害農(nong)產(chan)品。
3.氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)(hou)情況:該(gai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)處中(zhong)緯度歐亞(ya)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)陸東(dong)側(ce),太平(ping)洋(yang)西(xi)岸,屬(shu)于寒(han)(han)(han)溫(wen)(wen)帶濕(shi)潤(run)季風(feng)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)(hou)區(qu)(qu)。氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)(hou)特(te)(te)征明顯(xian),冬(dong)季漫長(chang)(chang)(chang)、寒(han)(han)(han)冷干燥,常受(shou)(shou)西(xi)伯利(li)亞(ya)、貝加(jia)爾湖和(he)(he)蒙古高原的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)寒(han)(han)(han)流影響(xiang)(xiang),夏(xia)季短(duan)促、溫(wen)(wen)熱濕(shi)潤(run)。受(shou)(shou)海(hai)洋(yang)暖(nuan)濕(shi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)流影響(xiang)(xiang),春季多(duo)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)風(feng)而少雨(yu)(yu),秋夏(xia)多(duo)暴雨(yu)(yu),亦有(you)陰雨(yu)(yu)連綿之時,春秋氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)變(bian)(bian)化劇烈,四季分明。 冬(dong)季在(zai)極地(di)(di)(di)(di)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)陸氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)團(tuan)控制下(xia),盛行西(xi)北(bei)(bei)風(feng),氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)(hou)嚴寒(han)(han)(han)干燥。夏(xia)季受(shou)(shou)太平(ping)洋(yang)副熱帶氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)團(tuan)影響(xiang)(xiang),盛行東(dong)南風(feng),高溫(wen)(wen)多(duo)雨(yu)(yu)。具有(you)明顯(xian)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)陸性季風(feng)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)(hou)特(te)(te)征,屬(shu)半濕(shi)潤(run)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)。 該(gai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)3.3℃。一(yi)月(yue)(yue)份(fen)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)-18.8℃,七(qi)月(yue)(yue)份(fen)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)23℃,日(ri)(ri)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)溫(wen)(wen)度大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)于10℃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活動積溫(wen)(wen)為(wei)(wei)2800℃。 該(gai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)降雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)542毫米;無(wu)霜(shuang)(shuang)期(qi)短(duan),初霜(shuang)(shuang)在(zai)9月(yue)(yue)25日(ri)(ri),終霜(shuang)(shuang)5月(yue)(yue)3日(ri)(ri),約(yue)156天(tian)。全(quan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)日(ri)(ri)照總(zong)(zong)時數(shu)2700小(xiao)時。 該(gai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)(hou)雖然適合(he)于露地(di)(di)(di)(di)蔬(shu)菜一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)二熟的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作物(wu)生長(chang)(chang)(chang),但經(jing)常發(fa)生災(zai)害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)性天(tian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),連續陰雨(yu)(yu),長(chang)(chang)(chang)期(qi)干旱、早(zao)霜(shuang)(shuang)凍等常給(gei)作物(wu)生長(chang)(chang)(chang)和(he)(he)人民生產(chan)、生活帶來不(bu)同程度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)危害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)和(he)(he)損失。自(zi)然災(zai)害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)主(zhu)要(yao)是旱、澇(lao)風(feng)、低溫(wen)(wen)、雹(bao)、霜(shuang)(shuang)災(zai)害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)。 4.人文歷史(shi)情況:阿(a)(a)(a)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)種(zhong)植(zhi)歷史(shi)較(jiao)長(chang)(chang)(chang),發(fa)展也較(jiao)快,早(zao)在(zai)900年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)前金代在(zai)阿(a)(a)(a)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建都始即開始種(zhong)植(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)。民國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)3年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1914年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))阿(a)(a)(a)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)種(zhong)植(zhi)面(mian)(mian)積1300畝(mu),偽(wei)滿康德3年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1936年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))為(wei)(wei)1410畝(mu)。新中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)建立后(hou),農村實行家(jia)(jia)庭聯(lian)產(chan)承包經(jing)濟體(ti)制改(gai)革后(hou),1985年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),種(zhong)植(zhi)面(mian)(mian)積達(da)7800畝(mu),比1983年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增長(chang)(chang)(chang)7.5%;比民國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)和(he)(he)偽(wei)滿時期(qi)增長(chang)(chang)(chang)4.7倍。為(wei)(wei)提高大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)產(chan)量(liang)和(he)(he)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang),國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)和(he)(he)阿(a)(a)(a)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)政府不(bu)斷(duan)投(tou)入資金扶持阿(a)(a)(a)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)主(zhu)產(chan)區(qu)(qu),幫助農民打機電井100余眼(yan),1998年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)又為(wei)(wei)白城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)村安裝了(le)噴灌設備,使(shi)產(chan)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)耕地(di)(di)(di)(di)100%變(bian)(bian)為(wei)(wei)水澆(jiao)地(di)(di)(di)(di),再(zai)加(jia)上農民不(bu)斷(duan)增施糞肥,改(gai)進(jin)栽(zai)培技(ji)術,改(gai)原來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)65厘米寬的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)壟(long)為(wei)(wei)33厘米寬的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)壟(long),增加(jia)了(le)單位(wei)面(mian)(mian)積的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保苗數(shu),加(jia)強田間(jian)管理,大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)產(chan)量(liang)和(he)(he)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)有(you)了(le)顯(xian)著提高,從而增加(jia)了(le)單位(wei)面(mian)(mian)積的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)出,使(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)面(mian)(mian)積不(bu)斷(duan)擴大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da),到2006年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),阿(a)(a)(a)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)栽(zai)培面(mian)(mian)積1000公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃,年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)苔2250噸,產(chan)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)頭7500噸。阿(a)(a)(a)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認證(zheng)發(fa)展:阿(a)(a)(a)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)以(yi)其獨特(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)贏得了(le)廣(guang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)消費者的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)喜愛(ai),1995年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)阿(a)(a)(a)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)被(bei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)綠(lv)(lv)色食品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)發(fa)展中(zhong)心認證(zheng)為(wei)(wei)綠(lv)(lv)色食品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin),1998年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)阿(a)(a)(a)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)被(bei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)命名(ming)為(wei)(wei)“中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)北(bei)(bei)方(fang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)之鄉”,2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),阿(a)(a)(a)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)被(bei)農業部農產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)安全(quan)中(zhong)心認證(zheng)為(wei)(wei)無(wu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)農產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin),2005年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)取(qu)得國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)環保總(zong)(zong)局(ju)有(you)機食品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)轉(zhuan)換認證(zheng)證(zheng)書,2007年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),哈爾濱市阿(a)(a)(a)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)金源綠(lv)(lv)色農畜產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)協會按照無(wu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)農產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)一(yi)體(ti)化申報要(yao)求(qiu),申請認證(zheng)無(wu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)產(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)1814公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃,申請認證(zheng)無(wu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)系(xi)列(lie)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)認證(zheng),檢測完全(quan)合(he)格;阿(a)(a)(a)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標準化生產(chan),阿(a)(a)(a)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)生產(chan),嚴格按照大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)標準化生產(chan)技(ji)術要(yao)求(qiu)進(jin)行,在(zai)阿(a)(a)(a)什(shen)河白城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)村建立了(le)無(wu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)標準化生產(chan)示范區(qu)(qu)和(he)(he)有(you)機大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)標準化生產(chan)示范區(qu)(qu);阿(a)(a)(a)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)聲(sheng)譽(yu),阿(a)(a)(a)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)以(yi)其獨特(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)風(feng)味和(he)(he)極佳的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)享譽(yu)全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo),被(bei)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)特(te)(te)產(chan)學會命名(ming)為(wei)(wei)“中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)北(bei)(bei)方(fang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)之鄉”。阿(a)(a)(a)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)在(zai)當地(di)(di)(di)(di)深(shen)受(shou)(shou)廣(guang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)消費者的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)喜愛(ai),現已遠銷到日(ri)(ri)本、韓(han)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)等地(di)(di)(di)(di)。
三.地域范圍
阿(a)(a)城(cheng)(cheng)大(da)蒜的(de)地理標志保護的(de)區域范圍為阿(a)(a)城(cheng)(cheng)區的(de)阿(a)(a)什河街南城(cheng)(cheng)村、白城(cheng)(cheng)村、東環村,雙(shuang)豐鎮(zhen)雙(shuang)蘭(lan)村,地域保護范圍面積為10607公頃,生產面積為1000公頃,年總產量7250噸。黑龍江省哈爾濱市阿(a)(a)城(cheng)(cheng)區地處東經(jing)126°40′-127°40′,北緯45°10′-46°之間,東部(bu)、東北部(bu)與(yu)尚(shang)志縣、賓縣接(jie)壤,北與(yu)呼蘭(lan)縣為鄰,南部(bu)五常市相(xiang)望。阿(a)(a)什街和(he)雙(shuang)豐鎮(zhen)位于阿(a)(a)城(cheng)(cheng)區政府所(suo)在(zai)地南部(bu)。海拔(ba)高(gao)度(du)400米(mi)。
四.產品品質特性特征(zheng)
1.外(wai)在感官特征:阿城大(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)為(wei)紫皮(pi)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)和白(bai)(bai)皮(pi)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)兩種(zhong)。紫皮(pi)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)鱗莖外(wai)皮(pi)紫色,大(da)瓣(ban)種(zhong),瓣(ban)少(shao)而個(ge)體肥大(da),蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)頭有5-7個(ge)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)瓣(ban),單頭重25克左(zuo)右。蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)瓣(ban)圍(wei)繞蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)苔(tai)座生(sheng)在莖盤上,外(wai)包(bao)3-4 層蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)皮(pi),莖盤下面連帶干(gan)枯須(xu)根,包(bao)裹(guo)整(zheng)個(ge)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)頭的(de)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)皮(pi)為(wei)紫色,是由(you)葉鞘基部膨大(da)形(xing)成的(de);白(bai)(bai)皮(pi)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)鱗莖外(wai)皮(pi)白(bai)(bai)色,小瓣(ban)種(zhong),蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)瓣(ban)2-7室(shi),每頭6-22瓣(ban)。
2.內在品質(zhi)指標(biao):阿城(cheng)大(da)(da)蒜(suan)有(you)紫(zi)(zi)皮(pi)和白皮(pi)兩種,以紫(zi)(zi)蒜(suan)著稱。紫(zi)(zi)皮(pi)蒜(suan)蒜(suan)汁稠粘,蒜(suan)味辛辣,品質(zhi)好,宜久存。紫(zi)(zi)皮(pi)蒜(suan)所(suo)產(chan)蒜(suan)苔也是蔬菜中(zhong)的佳(jia)品。阿城(cheng)大(da)(da)蒜(suan)富含(han)蛋白質(zhi)和碳(tan)水化合物(wu),產(chan)生的熱量很高。大(da)(da)蒜(suan)中(zhong)含(han)有(you)抗壞血酸、尼克酸、硫胺(an)素等營養物(wu)質(zhi)及人體所(suo)需要(yao)的鈉、磷、鈣、鐵等礦質(zhi)元素,阿城(cheng)大(da)(da)蒜(suan)含(han)的大(da)(da)蒜(suan)素具有(you)抗癌、抗菌和解毒殺菌、健(jian)脾開胃、消食去(qu)積和預防(fang)疾(ji)病(bing)的作用(yong)。阿城(cheng)大(da)(da)蒜(suan)對預防(fang)心(xin)臟病(bing)及血液循環(huan)系(xi)統疾(ji)病(bing)亦有(you)良好效果。
3.安(an)全(quan)要求:阿城大蒜(suan)在生產(chan)(chan)過程中嚴格執行NY 5001-2007 無(wu)公害(hai)食(shi)品(pin) 蔥(cong)蒜(suan)類蔬(shu)菜(cai)(cai),GB 4285 農(nong)(nong)藥安(an)全(quan)使用標(biao)(biao)準(zhun),GB/T 8321 農(nong)(nong)藥合理(li)使用標(biao)(biao)準(zhun),NY 5010-2001 無(wu)公害(hai)食(shi)品(pin) 蔬(shu)菜(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)地環境(jing)條(tiao)件(jian)等國(guo)家強(qiang)制性技(ji)術(shu)規范。
五.特定生產方式
本部分內容主要表述(shu)影(ying)響(xiang)阿(a)城(cheng)(cheng)大(da)(da)蒜品質(zhi)、特(te)色形成和保(bao)持的(de)(de)特(te)定生(sheng)產方式: 1.產地(di)(di)(di)選(xuan)擇與(yu)特(te)殊(shu)內容規定:阿(a)城(cheng)(cheng)大(da)(da)蒜產地(di)(di)(di)選(xuan)擇在阿(a)什(shen)河(he)(he)街(jie)南城(cheng)(cheng)村(cun)、白城(cheng)(cheng)村(cun)、東(dong)環村(cun),雙(shuang)豐鎮雙(shuang)蘭村(cun),該地(di)(di)(di)域遠離區中心,不受城(cheng)(cheng)區各種(zhong)污染源的(de)(de)污染,且生(sheng)態環境良好,空氣清晰,土質(zhi)肥沃,降(jiang)水(shui)均(jun)勻,年降(jiang)水(shui)量(liang)在600mm左右(you)。無(wu)霜期135天左右(you),年有效積溫3000度左右(you),日(ri)照充足,阿(a)什(shen)河(he)(he)水(shui)川流(liu)而過,是個天造地(di)(di)(di)設的(de)(de)生(sheng)產大(da)(da)蒜的(de)(de)好地(di)(di)(di)方。經過幾(ji)年來區、街(jie)兩級(ji)科技、資金的(de)(de)投入,擁有一流(liu)噴灌(guan)設備和優良品種(zhong),我區阿(a)什(shen)河(he)(he)人(ren)民(min)一定能按照無(wu)公(gong)害食品操作規程(cheng)來組織生(sheng)產出合格的(de)(de)無(wu)公(gong)害大(da)(da)蒜。
2.品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)選擇與特定(ding)要求(qiu):阿城(cheng)大蒜(suan)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)以阿城(cheng)紫皮蒜(suan)為(wei)主,因為(wei)大蒜(suan)在(zai)生產(chan)中(zhong)退化嚴(yan)重,所以,每年(nian)都(dou)到(dao)高我省高緯度地區進行串(chuan)換種(zhong)(zhong)子。
3.生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)過(guo)程管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li):阿(a)城(cheng)大(da)蒜在(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)過(guo)程中嚴格執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)阿(a)城(cheng)區(qu)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)公(gong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)六項管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)(zhi)度,即:無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)公(gong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)投(tou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)品(pin)(pin)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)(zhi)度,無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)公(gong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)質量追溯制(zhi)(zhi)度,無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)公(gong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)技術(shu)(shu)服(fu)務(wu)體系(xi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)(zhi)度,無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)公(gong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)培訓制(zhi)(zhi)度,無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)公(gong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)檔案(an)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)(zhi)度,無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)公(gong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)“十戶聯保”制(zhi)(zhi)度。在(zai)(zai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)投(tou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)品(pin)(pin)方面(mian)采取了四(si)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan):一是(shi)市場監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。進(jin)一步(bu)加大(da)對(dui)(dui)(dui)投(tou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)品(pin)(pin)的(de)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)力度 搞好源頭控制(zhi)(zhi),在(zai)(zai)投(tou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)品(pin)(pin)的(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)上,堅(jian)持經營許可證制(zhi)(zhi)度,禁(jin)限用(yong)投(tou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)品(pin)(pin)定(ding)期公(gong)開制(zhi)(zhi)度(電視公(gong)告、信息(xi)發布投(tou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)品(pin)(pin)禁(jin)限用(yong)清單(dan)(dan)),綠辦與農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)執(zhi)法大(da)隊配合給經營生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)資(zi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)戶把禁(jin)限用(yong)投(tou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)品(pin)(pin)清單(dan)(dan)張(zhang)貼上墻(qiang),讓生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)者明明白白的(de)使用(yong)。二是(shi)執(zhi)法監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。由(you)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)執(zhi)法大(da)隊對(dui)(dui)(dui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)資(zi)市場、龍頭企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、基(ji)地農(nong)(nong)戶進(jin)行(xing)(xing)全(quan)面(mian)檢查(cha)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。三是(shi)技術(shu)(shu)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。由(you)技術(shu)(shu)部(bu)門對(dui)(dui)(dui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)者進(jin)行(xing)(xing)培訓,對(dui)(dui)(dui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)投(tou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)具體指導(dao)和服(fu)務(wu)。四(si)是(shi)網絡監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。由(you)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)質量安(an)全(quan)辦公(gong)室(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)過(guo)程、基(ji)地、企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)資(zi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)戶、投(tou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)品(pin)(pin)清單(dan)(dan)等建(jian)立電子(zi)檔案(an),實行(xing)(xing)數字(zi)化管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)。
4.生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)記錄要求(qiu):阿城(cheng)大蒜(suan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)要求(qiu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)建立嚴格(ge)的農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)記錄檔(dang)案,按(an)農(nong)(nong)(nong)時操作填寫(xie)由阿城(cheng)區(qu)綠色食品辦(ban)公室統一制作的農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)記錄,鄉(xiang)鎮農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)品質(zhi)量安(an)全管理員(yuan)及區(qu)綠辦(ban)工作人員(yuan)定期對(dui)農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)記錄進行檢查和(he)指導(dao),發現填寫(xie)不合格(ge)的及時糾正。
六.包裝標識相關規定
阿城大(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(紫皮(pi)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan))生育期90-93天,一般在(zai)七月上(shang)中(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun)(xun)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)熟。蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)頭(tou)收(shou)獲應(ying)(ying)及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)。按蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)頭(tou)大(da)小進(jin)行分級,然后編辮(bian)。大(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)在(zai)收(shou)獲晾(liang)(liang)干(gan)前,營養物質仍在(zai)繼續(xu)運轉(zhuan),外(wai)(wai)(wai)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)皮(pi)和(he)內(nei)(nei)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)皮(pi)繼續(xu)變薄,呈現過熟現象(xiang)。蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)皮(pi)太薄易破,不能保護蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)瓣,蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)瓣易受機械創傷(shang),感染霉菌腐(fu)爛。因此,收(shou)獲后立即(ji)晾(liang)(liang)曬蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)頭(tou),使須(xu)根和(he)內(nei)(nei)外(wai)(wai)(wai)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)皮(pi)失水干(gan)縮(suo),終斷(duan)營養物質的運轉(zhuan)。起蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)時(shi)(shi)上(shang)午(wu)(wu)起蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)攤曬,下(xia)午(wu)(wu)綁(bang)扎成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)捆。在(zai)晾(liang)(liang)曬過程中(zhong)(zhong)要避(bi)免遭受雨淋,堆(dui)(dui)集時(shi)(shi)要避(bi)免捂垛(duo),假莖干(gan)透后即(ji)可(ke)編成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)辮(bian)。蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)辮(bian)后不要碼(ma)堆(dui)(dui)或(huo)碼(ma)垛(duo),要進(jin)行掛貯,防止蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)頭(tou)擠(ji)壓受傷(shang)。商品蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)自七月中(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun)(xun)收(shou)獲到十月上(shang)旬(xun)(xun)在(zai)室(shi)外(wai)(wai)(wai)涼棚暫(zan)貯。涼棚搭(da)在(zai)高(gao)爽不存水的地(di)方,棚內(nei)(nei)搭(da)圓(yuan)木(mu)(mu)架(jia)(jia)掛蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)。也可(ke)以碼(ma)堆(dui)(dui)存放,在(zai)30厘米(mi)高(gao)墊木(mu)(mu)上(shang)擺蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan),每層(ceng)(ceng)5-6辮(bian),第(di)一層(ceng)(ceng)辮(bian)頭(tou)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)東,第(di)二層(ceng)(ceng)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)南,第(di)三層(ceng)(ceng)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)西,第(di)四(si)層(ceng)(ceng)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)北;第(di)一層(ceng)(ceng)也可(ke)以朝(chao)(chao)(chao)南或(huo)其它方向(xiang),第(di)2-4層(ceng)(ceng)依次變更方向(xiang)。辮(bian)與辮(bian)之間留(liu)3厘米(mi)距離(li),蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)頭(tou)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)下(xia);垛(duo)高(gao)20-25層(ceng)(ceng),垛(duo)與垛(duo)之間留(liu)30厘米(mi)距離(li),以利通(tong)(tong)風。于10月上(shang)旬(xun)(xun)入(ru)(ru)窖或(huo)庫(ku)(ku)貯藏,掛架(jia)(jia)碼(ma)堆(dui)(dui)均(jun)可(ke)。蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)庫(ku)(ku)應(ying)(ying)為半(ban)地(di)下(xia)式,庫(ku)(ku)內(nei)(nei)搭(da)圓(yuan)木(mu)(mu)架(jia)(jia)掛蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan),并(bing)設火炕(kang)保持(chi)一定溫度。蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)入(ru)(ru)庫(ku)(ku)前要清掃庫(ku)(ku),用硫(liu)磺熏蒸(zheng),殺蟲滅(mie)菌。地(di)面撒生石灰吸潮,同時(shi)(shi)燒(shao)炕(kang)2-3天,排(pai)除(chu)潮氣。大(da)蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)入(ru)(ru)庫(ku)(ku)掛架(jia)(jia),應(ying)(ying)先掛上(shang)層(ceng)(ceng),后掛中(zhong)(zhong)、下(xia)層(ceng)(ceng);先掛遠(yuan)處,后掛近(jin)處。四(si)壁靠(kao)墻不應(ying)(ying)掛蒜(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan),并(bing)且庫(ku)(ku)中(zhong)(zhong)應(ying)(ying)留(liu)通(tong)(tong)道,供通(tong)(tong)風和(he)檢查溫度用。庫(ku)(ku)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)及(ji)(ji)四(si)角(jiao)、上(shang)下(xia)都(dou)應(ying)(ying)設溫度表,干(gan)濕球(qiu)溫度表設在(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)央,冬(dong)貯溫度保持(chi)在(zai)零下(xia)5-7度,3-5天檢查一次溫度變化,防止傷(shang)熱或(huo)受凍。碼(ma)堆(dui)(dui)貯藏與室(shi)外(wai)(wai)(wai)涼棚暫(zan)貯相同。銷售時(shi)(shi)裝箱(xiang),粘貼無公害農產品標志。包裝箱(xiang)為紙箱(xiang),每箱(xiang)2kg。