一.產品介紹
貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)云(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)產(chan)于(yu)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)縣(xian)云(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)鎮云(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)山(shan)(shan)(shan),云(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)在(zai)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)州(zhou)省(sheng)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)縣(xian)南(nan)(nan),為(wei)苗(miao)嶺山(shan)(shan)(shan)脈主峰(feng)(feng),海(hai)拔(ba)1583.6m,是(shi)(shi)烏、沅、盤三(san)江分水嶺,山(shan)(shan)(shan)多危峰(feng)(feng)峭壁、云(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)彌漫,故(gu)名云(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)。《康熙貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)州(zhou)通(tong)志(zhi)》記(ji)載:“黔省(sheng)各屬(shu)皆產(chan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha),貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)云(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)最(zui)有(you)(you)名。”“隋置賓化(hua)縣(xian)于(yu)大(da)(da)平伐(fa)司(si)……唐貞觀間移故(gu)賓化(hua)縣(xian)”“長官(guan)(guan)司(si)土官(guan)(guan)來(lai)朝,貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)馬(ma)及方物”。在(zai)史(shi)(shi)(shi)書記(ji)載中(zhong),貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)歷(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)上向(xiang)歷(li)(li)代皇(huang)帝進(jin)獻貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)馬(ma)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)“貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方物”的(de)(de)記(ji)載很(hen)多。到(dao)明(ming)朝就更多而詳細:《明(ming)實(shi)(shi)(shi)錄太祖洪(hong)武實(shi)(shi)(shi)錄》146、230卷中(zhong)記(ji)載:“洪(hong)武十五(wu)(wu)年(nian)(nian)六月辛卯(mao)(1382年(nian)(nian))新添、大(da)(da)平伐(fa)、小平伐(fa)土酋(qiu)俱來(lai)朝……詔賜文(wen)綺帛各五(wu)(wu)匹(pi),鈔二十錠。”“土官(guan)(guan)盧(lu)朝奉來(lai)朝,貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)馬(ma)及方物。”僅(jin)在(zai)《明(ming)實(shi)(shi)(shi)錄》所記(ji)載其276年(nian)(nian)歷(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong),貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)歷(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)上的(de)(de)“貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)馬(ma)及方物”就有(you)(you)27處記(ji)載。《乾隆貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)州(zhou)通(tong)志(zhi)》、《續遵義府志(zhi)》又記(ji)載:“云(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)為(wei)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)州(zhou)茗品(pin)之(zhi)冠,歲以充貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)”即每年(nian)(nian)都(dou)要進(jin)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)給(gei)朝廷(ting)。而每年(nian)(nian)給(gei)皇(huang)家(jia)的(de)(de)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)數(shu)量與(yu)折銀數(shu)量都(dou)記(ji)得清(qing)楚:“茶(cha)(cha)(cha)芽伍拾叁(san)斤壹拾壹兩陸(lu)錢伍厘(li)。” 清(qing)乾隆五(wu)(wu)十五(wu)(wu)年(nian)(nian)(1870年(nian)(nian))以官(guan)(guan)府批文(wen)而刻的(de)(de)《云(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)碑(bei)》,碑(bei)云(yun)(yun)(yun):“貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)定(ding)數(shu)舉茶(cha)(cha)(cha)斛及其余所派之(zhi)茶(cha)(cha)(cha),準行停止(zhi),以免采辦(ban)之(zhi)累;撥銀肆百(bai)貳兩,收后發(fa)交殷實(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)戶生(sheng)(sheng)復(fu)。再年(nian)(nian)購辦(ban)該處貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)。”碑(bei)文(wen)中(zhong)兩處有(you)(you)“貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)”二字(zi)是(shi)(shi)歷(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)物見證。清(qing)光緒三(san)十年(nian)(nian)、三(san)十一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(1904—1905年(nian)(nian))貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)州(zhou)巡撫(fu)林紹(shao)年(nian)(nian)向(xiang)朝廷(ting)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha):“貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)縣(xian)芽茶(cha)(cha)(cha),貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)皇(huang)上一(yi)匣,貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)老(lao)(lao)佛(fo)(fo)爺(ye)一(yi)匣。”這段文(wen)字(zi)抄自中(zhong)國第(di)一(yi)檔(dang)(dang)案館藏《清(qing)宮秘檔(dang)(dang)》。 1997年(nian)(nian),有(you)(you)關人士將明(ming)代高僧,陽寶山(shan)(shan)(shan)白云(yun)(yun)(yun)長老(lao)(lao)“采自云(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)之(zhi)巔”,而培(pei)育的(de)(de)白云(yun)(yun)(yun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)請國際名人、中(zhong)國佛(fo)(fo)教協會會長趙(zhao)樸初品(pin)嘗后,趙(zhao)老(lao)(lao)覺(jue)得“其味(wei)清(qing)香味(wei)永”而問此茶(cha)(cha)(cha)來(lai)歷(li)(li),當他得知(zhi)傳(chuan)說有(you)(you)古(gu)代高僧靈(ling)藥禪師得此茶(cha)(cha)(cha)沏泡,“揭蓋時熱氣上升幻化(hua)為(wei)佛(fo)(fo)像而拜(bai)之(zhi)”的(de)(de)故(gu)事(shi)后,親筆題寫“佛(fo)(fo)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)”兩大(da)(da)字(zi)。 同(tong)屬(shu)苗(miao)嶺山(shan)(shan)(shan)脈的(de)(de)斗蓬(peng)山(shan)(shan)(shan),是(shi)(shi)黔南(nan)(nan)原生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)保護(hu)區,在(zai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)腰海(hai)拔(ba)1400-1600米(mi)的(de)(de)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)境(jing)內(nei)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)山(shan)(shan)(shan)寨、丫口寨附(fu)近,至今仍保留有(you)(you)許多古(gu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)樹,直徑最(zui)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)有(you)(you)48cm,最(zui)小的(de)(de)19.5cm。有(you)(you)上千年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)、也有(you)(you)600多年(nian)(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)長的(de)(de)古(gu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)樹,曾經采摘到(dao)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)州(zhou)省(sheng)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)科所化(hua)驗(yan),實(shi)(shi)(shi)屬(shu)野生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)古(gu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)樹。除此之(zhi)外,貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)縣(xian)境(jing)內(nei)有(you)(you)8座大(da)(da)山(shan)(shan)(shan)名叫茶(cha)(cha)(cha)山(shan)(shan)(shan),仍有(you)(you)400多年(nian)(nian)人工栽培(pei)的(de)(de)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)樹遺存,這一(yi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)物佐證了貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)歷(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)。
二.自然(ran)生態環(huan)境(jing)和人文歷史(shi)因素(su)
(1)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao):貴(gui)定縣(xian)(xian)(xian)分布(bu)最廣的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)巖溶(rong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao),由于溶(rong)蝕作用,全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)分為(wei)(wei)(wei)六(liu)(liu)個(ge)中(zhong)(zhong)、小(xiao)型地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)類型:一是(shi)(shi)(shi)西北(bei)部(bu)、中(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)淺(qian)(qian)切(qie)割(ge)峰(feng)叢低山(shan)(shan)丘(qiu)陵(ling)(ling)區(qu)(qu)。本區(qu)(qu)總面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)約(yue)315平(ping)方公(gong)里,占(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)19.29%。海(hai)(hai)拔以(yi)(yi)(yi)1000—1200米(mi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主,1000米(mi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)下河谷有(you)25平(ping)方公(gong)里,1400米(mi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)有(you)13平(ping)方公(gong)里,合計占(zhan)(zhan)本區(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)12.06%。二(er)是(shi)(shi)(shi)東(dong)北(bei)部(bu)淺(qian)(qian)切(qie)割(ge)緩丘(qiu)高(gao)原區(qu)(qu)。本區(qu)(qu)總面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)約(yue) 200平(ping)方公(gong)里,占(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)12.06%,其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong),海(hai)(hai)拔在(zai)1400米(mi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)集中(zhong)(zhong)分布(bu)于東(dong)部(bu),寬而連片,達60平(ping)方公(gong)里以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang),成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)本區(qu)(qu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)主體。三(san)是(shi)(shi)(shi)東(dong)部(bu)夾(jia)層巖中(zhong)(zhong)切(qie)割(ge)低中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)區(qu)(qu)。本區(qu)(qu)總面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji) 250平(ping)方公(gong)里,占(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)15.31%。海(hai)(hai)拔 1400米(mi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)有(you)60平(ping)方公(gong)里左(zuo)右,1700米(mi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)在(zai)本區(qu)(qu)多處分布(bu),成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)最高(gao)峻(jun)的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)。四(si)是(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)、西南部(bu)河谷沖積(ji)(ji)槽谷區(qu)(qu)。本區(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)達430平(ping)方公(gong)里,占(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)26.33%,海(hai)(hai)拔以(yi)(yi)(yi)1000—1200米(mi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主。五是(shi)(shi)(shi)西部(bu)峰(feng)叢淺(qian)(qian)切(qie)割(ge)低中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)區(qu)(qu)。本區(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)約(yue)88平(ping)方公(gong)里,占(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)5.39%,為(wei)(wei)(wei)本縣(xian)(xian)(xian)最小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)一個(ge)地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)類型區(qu)(qu),海(hai)(hai)拔以(yi)(yi)(yi)1200—1400米(mi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主。六(liu)(liu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)南部(bu)砂(sha)頁(ye)巖中(zhong)(zhong)切(qie)割(ge)低山(shan)(shan)丘(qiu)陵(ling)(ling)區(qu)(qu)。本區(qu)(qu)總面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)約(yue)為(wei)(wei)(wei)350平(ping)方公(gong)里,占(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)21.43%,海(hai)(hai)拔以(yi)(yi)(yi)1000—1200米(mi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主,1000米(mi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)下深切(qie)河谷為(wei)(wei)(wei) 58平(ping)方公(gong)里。土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)類型主要(yao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)黃壤(rang)、水稻土(tu)(tu)(tu),成(cheng)土(tu)(tu)(tu)母質為(wei)(wei)(wei)黃灰色頁(ye)巖,砂(sha)礫質壤(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu),土(tu)(tu)(tu)層深厚(hou),一般達80cm,PH4.5—6.0,土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)有(you)機(ji)質、氮、磷、鉀(jia)含(han)量比較豐富(fu)。有(you)機(ji)質達5.63%—18.87%,含(han)氮0.3306%—0.8703%,速效磷1.75—4.5mg/千克,速效鉀(jia)121.50—180.00mg/千克。總體上(shang)(shang)(shang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)深厚(hou)、疏松肥沃,保(bao)肥能力較強。
(2)水(shui)(shui)文情況(kuang):本縣(xian)(xian)(xian)河(he)(he)流(liu)屬兩大(da)流(liu)域(yu)三(san)個水(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)(xi),以縣(xian)(xian)(xian)內(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)(de)云霧山為(wei)(wei)(wei)分(fen)水(shui)(shui)嶺,以北為(wei)(wei)(wei)長(chang)(chang)江(jiang)流(liu)域(yu),以南(nan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)珠(zhu)江(jiang)流(liu)域(yu)。屬于長(chang)(chang)江(jiang)流(liu)域(yu)的(de)(de)(de)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)為(wei)(wei)(wei)1229.8平(ping)方(fang)(fang)公(gong)里(li)(li),其中屬于烏江(jiang)水(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)為(wei)(wei)(wei)1179平(ping)方(fang)(fang)公(gong)里(li)(li),屬于沅江(jiang)水(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)為(wei)(wei)(wei) 50.8平(ping)方(fang)(fang)公(gong)里(li)(li),分(fen)別占全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)總面(mian)(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)(de)72.28%和3.12%;屬于珠(zhu)江(jiang)流(liu)域(yu)紅水(shui)(shui)河(he)(he)水(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)401.2平(ping)方(fang)(fang)公(gong)里(li)(li),占全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)總面(mian)(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)(de)24.6%。全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)有中、小(xiao)河(he)(he)流(liu)144條,總長(chang)(chang)728.4公(gong)里(li)(li)。河(he)(he)網(wang)密(mi)度平(ping)均每平(ping)方(fang)(fang)公(gong)里(li)(li)0.446公(gong)里(li)(li)。縣(xian)(xian)(xian)內(nei)(nei)河(he)(he)流(liu)長(chang)(chang)度10公(gong)里(li)(li)以上、集雨(yu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)20平(ping)方(fang)(fang)公(gong)里(li)(li)以上的(de)(de)(de)有24條,總長(chang)(chang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)419.1公(gong)里(li)(li),占河(he)(he)流(liu)總長(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)57.54%。地(di)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)水(shui)(shui):縣(xian)(xian)(xian)境內(nei)(nei)地(di)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)水(shui)(shui)較豐富,估算全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)年產地(di)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)水(shui)(shui)共0.89億(yi)(yi)立(li)方(fang)(fang)米。全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)年總水(shui)(shui)量達19.15億(yi)(yi)立(li)方(fang)(fang)米。縣(xian)(xian)(xian)境內(nei)(nei)無(wu)污染型工業企業,小(xiao)型企業污染物(wu)做(zuo)到了(le)達標(biao)排放,因而水(shui)(shui)體(ti)質量狀況(kuang)穩(wen)定(ding)。 水(shui)(shui)是(shi)貴定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)精靈、是(shi)貴定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)氣質,是(shi)在(zai)完好的(de)(de)(de)植(zhi)被狀況(kuang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)經過無(wu)數植(zhi)物(wu)和地(di)墁浸透和過濾出來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)天(tian)然礦泉(quan)水(shui)(shui),非(fei)常適(shi)合(he)人(ren)、畜引用。水(shui)(shui)質清澈、純凈。是(shi)理(li)想的(de)(de)(de)工農業生(sheng)產和生(sheng)活(huo)用水(shui)(shui),
(3)氣(qi)(qi)候情況:氣(qi)(qi)候溫和、雨量充(chong)沛(pei),是典型的亞熱帶氣(qi)(qi)候,年(nian)(nian)均溫度15℃。光能資源(yuan):年(nian)(nian)日(ri)(ri)照數在677.4一1067.6小時,日(ri)(ri)照率為15—24%。降(jiang)水(shui)量:年(nian)(nian)降(jiang)雨量多(duo)在1100—1200毫米之間。季節(jie)的分布(bu)是,春季占(zhan)(zhan)30.8%,夏季占(zhan)(zhan)42.4%,秋季占(zhan)(zhan)21.22%,冬(dong)季占(zhan)(zhan)5.6%。年(nian)(nian)均相對濕度80%,無霜期300—340天,基本無霜凍(dong)危害。生物資源(yuan)種類較多(duo),獨特(te)的寡日(ri)(ri)照和多(duo)霧(wu)氣(qi)(qi)候資源(yuan)非常適(shi)合于貴定云霧(wu)貢(gong)茶(cha)的種植。
(4)人(ren)文(wen)歷(li)史(shi)情況:貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)產(chan)(chan)于(yu)(yu)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)縣(xian)(xian)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)鎮云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)山(shan)(shan)(見(jian)附(fu)(fu)(fu)件(jian)3),云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)山(shan)(shan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)州(zhou)省(sheng)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)縣(xian)(xian)南,為(wei)苗嶺(ling)山(shan)(shan)脈主峰,海拔(ba)1583.6m,是(shi)烏、沅、盤三(san)(san)江分水嶺(ling),山(shan)(shan)多危峰峭壁、云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)彌(mi)漫(man),故名云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)山(shan)(shan)。山(shan)(shan)中(zhong)(zhong)有一(yi)村(cun)名為(wei)鳥王村(cun),鳥王村(cun)由十(shi)八個山(shan)(shan)寨聚居的(de)(de)(de)苗族(海葩(pa)苗)組(zu)成(cheng),他們世(shi)(shi)世(shi)(shi)代代生(sheng)(sheng)息在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)大(da)(da)山(shan)(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong),并茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)創制出(chu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(見(jian)附(fu)(fu)(fu)件(jian)3)。 《康熙(xi)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)州(zhou)通志(zhi)》記(ji)(ji)載(zai)(zai):“黔省(sheng)各屬(shu)皆(jie)產(chan)(chan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha),貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)山(shan)(shan)最(zui)有名。”“隋(sui)置(zhi)賓化(hua)縣(xian)(xian)于(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)平(ping)伐(fa)司(si)……唐貞觀(guan)間移故賓化(hua)縣(xian)(xian)”“長官(guan)(guan)司(si)土(tu)官(guan)(guan)來朝(chao),貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)馬及方(fang)物(wu)(wu)”。指(zhi)隋(sui)朝(chao)開皇(huang)(huang)元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(公元(yuan)581年(nian)(nian)(nian))貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)歷(li)史(shi)上最(zui)早建賓化(hua)縣(xian)(xian)(賓化(hua)訛為(wei)平(ping)伐(fa)有注釋(shi))土(tu)官(guan)(guan)向皇(huang)(huang)帝“貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)物(wu)(wu)”指(zhi)地方(fang)特產(chan)(chan)物(wu)(wu)品即云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)。 在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)史(shi)書記(ji)(ji)載(zai)(zai)中(zhong)(zhong),貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)歷(li)史(shi)上向歷(li)代皇(huang)(huang)帝進獻貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)馬貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)(de)“貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)物(wu)(wu)”的(de)(de)(de)記(ji)(ji)載(zai)(zai)很多。到明朝(chao)就更(geng)多而(er)(er)(er)詳細:《明實(shi)(shi)(shi)錄(lu)(lu)太祖洪(hong)武實(shi)(shi)(shi)錄(lu)(lu)》146、230卷(juan)中(zhong)(zhong)記(ji)(ji)載(zai)(zai):“洪(hong)武十(shi)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)六(liu)月辛卯(mao)(1382年(nian)(nian)(nian))新添、大(da)(da)平(ping)伐(fa)、小(xiao)平(ping)伐(fa)土(tu)酋俱來朝(chao)……詔賜文(wen)綺帛各五匹(pi),鈔二十(shi)錠。”“土(tu)官(guan)(guan)盧朝(chao)奉來朝(chao),貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)馬及方(fang)物(wu)(wu)。”僅(jin)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)《明實(shi)(shi)(shi)錄(lu)(lu)》所(suo)記(ji)(ji)載(zai)(zai)其(qi)276年(nian)(nian)(nian)歷(li)史(shi)中(zhong)(zhong),貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)歷(li)史(shi)上的(de)(de)(de)“貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)馬及方(fang)物(wu)(wu)”就有27處(chu)記(ji)(ji)載(zai)(zai)。《乾(qian)隆貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)州(zhou)通志(zhi)》、《續遵義府志(zhi)》又(you)記(ji)(ji)載(zai)(zai):“云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)為(wei)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)州(zhou)茗品之(zhi)(zhi)冠(guan),歲以充貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)”即每年(nian)(nian)(nian)都(dou)要進貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)給朝(chao)廷。而(er)(er)(er)每年(nian)(nian)(nian)給皇(huang)(huang)家(jia)的(de)(de)(de)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)數量與折銀數量都(dou)記(ji)(ji)得(de)清(qing)楚(chu):“茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)芽伍拾叁斤壹拾壹兩陸錢伍厘。” 清(qing)乾(qian)隆五十(shi)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1870年(nian)(nian)(nian))以官(guan)(guan)府批(pi)文(wen)而(er)(er)(er)刻的(de)(de)(de)《云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)碑(bei)(bei)》,碑(bei)(bei)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)定(ding)數舉(ju)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)斛(hu)及其(qi)余所(suo)派(pai)之(zhi)(zhi)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha),準行停止,以免采辦(ban)(ban)之(zhi)(zhi)累;撥銀肆百(bai)貳(er)兩,收(shou)后發交殷實(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)戶生(sheng)(sheng)復(fu)。再年(nian)(nian)(nian)購辦(ban)(ban)該(gai)處(chu)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)。”碑(bei)(bei)文(wen)中(zhong)(zhong)兩處(chu)有“貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)”二字是(shi)歷(li)史(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)物(wu)(wu)見(jian)證(zheng)(見(jian)附(fu)(fu)(fu)件(jian)4)。清(qing)光緒三(san)(san)十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)、三(san)(san)十(shi)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1904—1905年(nian)(nian)(nian))貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)州(zhou)巡撫林紹年(nian)(nian)(nian)向朝(chao)廷貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha):“貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)縣(xian)(xian)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)芽,貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)皇(huang)(huang)上一(yi)匣,貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)老佛爺一(yi)匣。”這(zhe)段文(wen)字抄自(zi)中(zhong)(zhong)國第一(yi)檔案(an)館藏《清(qing)宮秘檔》(見(jian)附(fu)(fu)(fu)件(jian)5)。 1997年(nian)(nian)(nian),有關人(ren)士將明代高僧,陽寶山(shan)(shan)白云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)長老“采自(zi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)巔”,而(er)(er)(er)培育的(de)(de)(de)白云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)請(qing)國際(ji)名人(ren)、中(zhong)(zhong)國佛教協會會長趙樸初(chu)品嘗后,趙老覺得(de)“其(qi)味清(qing)香味永”而(er)(er)(er)問此(ci)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)來歷(li),當他得(de)知傳(chuan)說(shuo)有古代高僧靈藥(yao)禪師(shi)得(de)此(ci)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)沏(qi)泡,“揭蓋時熱氣(qi)上升幻化(hua)為(wei)佛像而(er)(er)(er)拜之(zhi)(zhi)”的(de)(de)(de)故事(shi)后,親筆題寫“佛茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)”兩大(da)(da)字(見(jian)附(fu)(fu)(fu)件(jian)6)。 同屬(shu)苗嶺(ling)山(shan)(shan)脈的(de)(de)(de)斗(dou)蓬山(shan)(shan),是(shi)黔南原生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境保護區,在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)山(shan)(shan)腰(yao)海拔(ba)1400-1600米(mi)的(de)(de)(de)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)境內茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)山(shan)(shan)寨、丫口寨附(fu)(fu)(fu)近,至今仍保留有許多古茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)(附(fu)(fu)(fu)件(jian)7),直徑最(zui)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)有48cm,最(zui)小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)19.5cm。,有上千年(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)、也(ye)有600多年(nian)(nian)(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)長的(de)(de)(de)古茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu),曾經采摘到貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)州(zhou)省(sheng)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)科所(suo)化(hua)驗,實(shi)(shi)(shi)屬(shu)野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)古茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)。除此(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)外,貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)縣(xian)(xian)境內有8座大(da)(da)山(shan)(shan)名叫茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)山(shan)(shan),仍有400多年(nian)(nian)(nian)人(ren)工栽培的(de)(de)(de)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)遺存(cun),這(zhe)一(yi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)物(wu)(wu)佐證(zheng)了貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)歷(li)史(shi)。
三.地域范圍
貴(gui)定云(yun)霧(wu)貢茶分布于(yu)貴(gui)定縣所轄行政區內的二十個鄉鎮(zhen),貴(gui)定縣位于(yu)貴(gui)州省中部。地(di)理坐標為地(di)處東(dong)(dong)經106°59′-107°22′,北(bei)緯(wei)26°05′-26°47′,包括(kuo):云(yun)霧(wu)鎮(zhen)、鐵廠鄉、抱(bao)管鄉、昌明鎮(zhen)、猴場(chang)堡鄉、巖(yan)下鄉、鞏固鄉、都六(liu)鄉、定南(nan)鄉、舊治鎮(zhen)、沿山鎮(zhen)、盤(pan)江鎮(zhen)、城關鎮(zhen)、定東(dong)(dong)鄉、德新鎮(zhen)、新鋪鄉、新巴鎮(zhen)、落北(bei)河(he)鄉、馬場(chang)河(he)鄉,云(yun)霧(wu)貢茶生產面(mian)積共3000公頃(qing),年(nian)總產量1800噸。
四.產品(pin)品(pin)質(zhi)特性特征
(1)外(wai)在感官(guan)特(te)征:芽(ya)葉(xie)肥大壯實,葉(xie)色(se)翠綠(lv)(lv),茸(rong)毛特(te)多(duo),芽(ya)形秀麗,內含物質豐(feng)富。條索(suo)緊卷變曲,白毫充分(fen)顯露,外(wai)形美觀,形若魚鉤;茶湯(tang)濃釅,湯(tang)色(se)碧綠(lv)(lv);滋味醇厚(hou),香氣(qi)濃烈,具有獨特(te)濃厚(hou)的蜂蜜香,飲后回味無窮。
(2)內在品質指標:貴(gui)定云(yun)霧茶以內質特征著稱,傳統(tong)云(yun)霧茶據專(zhuan)家測定氨(an)基酸(suan)每(mei)(mei)毫克總量(一芽二(er)(er)葉(xie))占(zhan)1916.81%,茶多酚(fen)占(zhan)33.81%,咖啡堿占(zhan)2.89%,兒茶素(su)每(mei)(mei)毫克總量占(zhan)125.21mg/%,水浸出物(wu)占(zhan)41.69%。云(yun)霧茶沖泡后(hou)有蘭花(hua)香味(wei)、栗香味(wei)、蜂蜜香味(wei),有“一杯(bei)香、二(er)(er)杯(bei)濃、三(san)杯(bei)甘又醇、四杯(bei)、五(wu)杯(bei)韻(yun)猶存的特點。飲用(yong)貴(gui)定云(yun)霧茶,不僅能生津止渴、退熱解暑、醒腦提(ti)神、消炎殺(sha)菌(jun),而且有降脂降壓、防(fang)癌抗輻射及保持美容、抗衰老等(deng)多種功效。
(3)貴定(ding)云(yun)霧(wu)貢茶種植(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)產嚴格按無公(gong)害農產品(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)產規范(fan)和標(biao)準生(sheng)(sheng)產。產品(pin)安全(quan)質量應符(fu)合DB52/T547—2008《貴定(ding)云(yun)霧(wu)貢茶地方(fang)標(biao)準》。
五(wu).特(te)定(ding)生產方式
重(zhong)點選(xuan)(xuan)擇茶園(yuan)(yuan)及其周圍(wei)不得有大氣污(wu)染(ran)(ran)源(yuan),特別是上風口不得有污(wu)染(ran)(ran)源(yuan),如化(hua)(hua)工廠(chang),水(shui)泥廠(chang)等。大氣中(zhong)二氧化(hua)(hua)硫、氮氧化(hua)(hua)合物(wu)、總懸浮微粒、氟的濃度(du)必須(xu)在標準限值(zhi)內。 對(dui)水(shui)的要求須(xu)滿(man)足生產(chan)過(guo)程中(zhong)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)的需要,茶園(yuan)(yuan)灌溉用(yong)(yong)水(shui)不能含(han)有污(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu),特別是重(zhong)金(jin)屬(shu)和有毒有害(hai)物(wu)質(zhi),例(li)如汞、鉛、鉻、鎘、酚、苯、氰等。 對(dui)土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)要求茶園(yuan)(yuan)位于(yu)土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)元素背(bei)景(jing)值(zhi)正常(chang)區(qu)域,茶園(yuan)(yuan)及其周圍(wei)沒有金(jin)屬(shu)或非金(jin)屬(shu)礦山(shan),并未(wei)受到人為(wei)污(wu)染(ran)(ran),土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)中(zhong)無(wu)農藥殘留,同時(shi)選(xuan)(xuan)擇土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)有機質(zhi)含(han)量(liang)較(jiao)高的地區(qu)作為(wei)綠色食品茶葉產(chan)地。 產(chan)地環境(jing)(jing)應符合NY/T391綠色食品產(chan)地環境(jing)(jing)技術(shu)條件
(2)品種選擇(ze) 云霧地(di)方茶(cha)(cha)(cha)樹做(zuo)母本源培育;(采(cai)取“集(ji)中育苗(miao),按(an)群建系,統一茶(cha)(cha)(cha)苗(miao)供(gong)應,分場(戶)生(sheng)產經營(ying)”的(de)方法(fa)。選擇(ze)品系純正、植株健(jian)壯(zhuang)的(de)本地(di)云霧茶(cha)(cha)(cha)苗(miao)進行推廣生(sheng)產。
(3)生產過程管理(li)
3.1茶(cha)樹種植 扦(qian)插前將苗床(廂(xiang)面)充分澆透水(shui),經2—3小時水(shui)分下(xia)滲后,土(tu)壤呈“濕(shi)而不粘”的松軟(ruan)狀態,即可扦(qian)插。這樣(yang)即防止因土(tu)壤過干造(zao)成扦(qian)插過種中損傷插穗,又使插穗下(xia)端(duan)與泥土(tu)緊密接觸,有利于吸收(shou)水(shui)分。
3.2插穗(sui)葉片朝向(xiang)一(yi)致,一(yi)般按常年(nian)最多的風(feng)向(xiang)順風(feng)排列(lie),這樣可以避免插穗(sui)被(bei)風(feng)吹動。
3.3扦插(cha)(cha)時,先按行(xing)距要求劃好(hao)行(xing)線,然后(hou)沿(yan)行(xing)線,按株距將插(cha)(cha)穗(sui)垂直或稍斜插(cha)(cha)入土中,深度以葉(xie)柄與廂(xiang)面平齊為好(hao)。邊插(cha)(cha)邊用手稍用力(li)提不起為宜(yi),使插(cha)(cha)穗(sui)與土壤緊密(mi)接觸。
3.4插完一定(ding)的(de)面積后立(li)即澆(jiao)水(shui),并用遮(zhe)陽物覆蓋。如果在(zai)高溫(wen)烈日下扦插,需要邊(bian)插邊(bian)澆(jiao)水(shui)、達遮(zhe)陽,以防灼(zhuo)傷。
3.5茶(cha)園施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei) 幼(you)齡(ling)茶(cha)園施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)量(liang)(liang)(liang)。氮(dan)(dan)(dan)磷(lin)鉀(jia)(jia)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)年用量(liang)(liang)(liang)按(an)3:1:1。一(yi)二齡(ling)樹茶(cha)園畝施(shi)(shi)(shi)純(chun)(chun)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)3—5公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤。三四齡(ling)樹茶(cha)園畝施(shi)(shi)(shi)純(chun)(chun)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)4—6公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤。五六齡(ling)樹茶(cha)園畝施(shi)(shi)(shi)純(chun)(chun)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)6—9公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤。成齡(ling)茶(cha)園施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei) 施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)量(liang)(liang)(liang)以(yi)產定(ding)肥(fei)(fei)(fei),一(yi)般每采摘100公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤鮮葉施(shi)(shi)(shi)入純(chun)(chun)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)4—5公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤,過磷(lin)酸鈣或鈣鎂磷(lin)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)7—8公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤,硫酸鉀(jia)(jia)2—2.5公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤。基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)每畝農家肥(fei)(fei)(fei)1—2噸,茶(cha)樹專用復合肥(fei)(fei)(fei)或磷(lin)鉀(jia)(jia)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)50—60公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤。
(4)土壤管理
4.1中耕鋤(chu)草(cao)。幼齡茶(cha)園,視(shi)其(qi)茶(cha)園雜草(cao)生長情(qing)況(kuang),宜淺耕,最好是采用(yong)徒手拔草(cao)或(huo)者(zhe)鏟鋤(chu)鏟草(cao)的方法,深(shen)(shen)耕易傷根,影(ying)響茶(cha)苗(miao)生長。成齡茶(cha)園視(shi)雜草(cao)生產情(qing)況(kuang),每年進(jin)行(xing)3次-4次淺中耕,深(shen)(shen)度為5厘(li)米(mi)-10厘(li)米(mi),在秋茶(cha)封(feng)園后,及早(zao)進(jin)行(xing)一(yi)次深(shen)(shen)耕,深(shen)(shen)度為15厘(li)米(mi)-20厘(li)米(mi)。
4.2間(jian)種作物(wu)(wu)。幼齡茶園頭(tou)兩(liang)年可(ke)在行間(jian)中央(yang)間(jian)作1行-2行綠肥作物(wu)(wu)或其它適(shi)宜的(de)矮稈、短蔓作物(wu)(wu),如黃豆(dou)、綠豆(dou)、蠶(can)豆(dou)、花(hua)生、白菜等。
4.3茶園(yuan)覆蓋。幼齡茶園(yuan)樹封行后(hou),行間可用(yong)山草或作物秸(jie)稈(gan)覆蓋,每(mei)1畝鋪干(gan)草重(zhong)1噸左右(you),實施茶園(yuan)免(mian)(少)耕。
(5)水分管理
5.1蓄(xu)水。雨季注(zhu)意給水池(chi)蓄(xu)水,供(gong)早(zao)期(qi)使(shi)用。搞好茶園(yuan)耕鋤、覆蓋和 幼齡茶園(yuan)的(de)作物間種(zhong),增強土壤涵養水分(fen)的(de)能力(li)。
5.2灌(guan)(guan)溉(gai)。幼齡茶園在夏秋干(gan)旱持(chi)續5天-7天時就進行(xing)一(yi)次灌(guan)(guan)溉(gai)。產量(liang)(liang)較高的(de)茶園夏秋干(gan)旱持(chi)續5天-7天時應(ying)進行(xing)一(yi)次灌(guan)(guan)溉(gai)。產量(liang)(liang)較高的(de)茶園夏秋干(gan)旱時也應(ying)當進行(xing)灌(guan)(guan)溉(gai),以噴灌(guan)(guan)最佳,無噴灌(guan)(guan)條(tiao)件時,可(ke)進行(xing)溝灌(guan)(guan)。
(6)茶樹修剪
6.1幼齡茶樹的修(xiu)剪。第(di)(di)1次(ci)(ci)修(xiu)剪距地面20厘(li)米剪去茶苗主枝上部。第(di)(di)2次(ci)(ci)距地面30—35厘(li)米施剪。第(di)(di)3次(ci)(ci)距地面45厘(li)米施剪。
6.2成齡茶樹(shu)修剪。投(tou)采(cai)后的茶樹(shu)每(mei)(mei)年(nian)或隔年(nian)進(jin)行(xing)輕修剪,每(mei)(mei)次將樹(shu)冠面(mian)剪低(di)3—5厘(li)米(mi),投(tou)采(cai)5—6年(nian)進(jin)行(xing)一次深修剪,將采(cai)摘冠面(mian)剪低(di)15—20厘(li)米(mi)。
6.3衰老茶樹(shu)更新修剪。距地面30—50厘米(mi)剪去樹(shu)冠上部。
(7)病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)害防治(zhi) 加(jia)強茶(cha)園培(pei)管,增強樹體(ti)抗(kang)病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)能力,結合采茶(cha)、修剪(jian)、耕(geng)鋤,清除或深埋結繭蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)蛹(yong)(苞),或于(yu)危害初期(qi)及時(shi)摘(剪(jian))除害蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)卵(luan)塊、護囊與群集蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)葉(枝),點燈誘(you)蛾及利用(yong)性激(ji)素誘(you)殺雄蛾,應盡量(liang)少(shao)用(yong)或不用(yong)化(hua)學農(nong)藥(yao),選擇(ze)高(gao)效低毒農(nong)藥(yao),以減(jian)少(shao)有毒物(wu)質的殘存量(liang),使茶(cha)葉的品質少(shao)受影(ying)響。
(8)加工。按《貴定(ding)云霧(wu)貢茶地方(fang)標準》(DB52/547—2008)執行
(9)生(sheng)產(chan)記錄(lu)。根據農(nong)業部有關檔(dang)案管理辦法規定,種(zhong)植場(chang)及一(yi)般種(zhong)植戶(hu)都應(ying)當建立(li)養(yang)殖檔(dang)案,載明以下內容:品種(zhong)、面積、種(zhong)植記錄(lu)、標識情況、;投入品和農(nong)藥的來(lai)源、名稱、使用對象(xiang)、時間(jian)和用量等(deng)有關情況;檢疫、病蟲害防(fang)治情況。資料應(ying)盡可(ke)能長期(qi)保(bao)存,最少保(bao)留2年。
六.包裝標(biao)識(shi)相(xiang)關(guan)規定
(1)分(fen)(fen)級(ji):分(fen)(fen)為(wei)特級(ji)、一級(ji)和二級(ji)三個等級(ji)。
(2)包(bao)(bao)裝:包(bao)(bao)裝容(rong)器和包(bao)(bao)裝材料按SB/T10035的規(gui)定。直接接觸(chu)茶葉(xie)的紙質包(bao)(bao)裝材料按GB11680規(gui)定,用500g/包(bao)(bao)。
(3)標(biao)(biao)識(shi):產(chan)品(pin)(pin)應有明確(que)標(biao)(biao)簽,內容包括:產(chan)品(pin)(pin)名稱(cheng)、產(chan)品(pin)(pin)的執行標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)、生產(chan)者及詳細地(di)(di)址、產(chan)地(di)(di)、凈(jing)含量和包裝(zhuang)日(ri)期等,要(yao)求(qiu)字跡清晰(xi)、完整(zheng)、準(zhun)確(que)。標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)使用(yong)人應在其產(chan)品(pin)(pin)或其包裝(zhuang)上統一使用(yong)農產(chan)品(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(貴定云霧貢茶名稱(cheng)和公(gong)共標(biao)(biao)識(shi)圖案組合標(biao)(biao)注(zhu)型式)。
(4)運輸(shu):裝(zhuang)(zhuang)運倉應清(qing)潔、衛生、無(wu)異(yi)味。運輸(shu)時應快裝(zhuang)(zhuang)、快運、快卸,嚴禁日曬雨淋,裝(zhuang)(zhuang)卸、搬(ban)運時要輕(qing)(qing)拿輕(qing)(qing)放(fang),嚴禁亂丟亂扔,嚴禁與(yu)有毒有害物(wu)質接觸。運輸(shu)必須(xu)符合SB/T10037。 (5)貯藏(zang):按SB/T10095。的規定執行。