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貴(gui)州(zhou)六大貢(gong)米(mi)中歷(li)史(shi)最悠(you)久的貢(gong)米(mi)，米(mi)質(zhi)上乘，米(mi)品(pin)珍貴(gui)，有(you)云貴(gui)高(gao)原黑(hei)(hei)珍珠之稱。據(ju)《定番州(zhou)志》記載，宋朝時(shi)期(qi)，南寧州(zhou)（今惠水）土司龍(long)彥韜帶(dai)領(ling)一千(qian)余人，歷(li)時(shi)兩月專程向朝廷(ting)進(jin)貢(gong)黑(hei)(hei)糯(nuo)米(mi)，深得(de)皇(huang)帝贊賞，自此(ci)黑(hei)(hei)糯(nuo)米(mi)成為南寧州(zhou)各(ge)番向朝廷(ting)進(jin)貢(gong)的地方特產(chan)。黑(hei)(hei)糯(nuo)米(mi)米(mi)皮紫(zi)黑(hei)(hei)、內(nei)質(zhi)潔白、煮后黝黑(hei)(hei)晶瑩色澤鮮艷、濃郁芳香、口(kou)感清(qing)香自然、綿(mian)軟(ruan)而有(you)彈性，富(fu)含(han)豐富(fu)的蛋白質(zhi)、VB1、VB2以(yi)及Fe、Zn、Cu等微量元素(su)(su)，素(su)(su)有(you)“補血米(mi)”、“長壽米(mi)”、“藥米(mi)”、“神(shen)仙米(mi)”等美稱。

在惠水少數民族(zu)豐富多(duo)樣的包(bao)含(han)文化中(zhong)，糯食(shi)文化是最具(ju)特色的文化這(zhe)一，惠水黑糯米(mi)是一種地方稀有糯稻(dao)，栽培歷史源遠(yuan)流長，因其(qi)具(ju)有食(shi)味(wei)濃(nong)郁芳(fang)香(xiang)、綿軟有彈性，冷后回硬感特點(dian)以及明顯(xian)的藥用功能，在清朝(chao)時(shi)期，也在漢族(zu)和(he)其(qi)他(ta)民族(zu)中(zhong)開始大規模種植，據光(guang)緒(xu)年間(jian)《貴(gui)州通(tong)志》 記載：定番仲(zhong)家，廣(guang)值(zhi)黑稻(dao)，味(wei)香(xiang)糯彈，漢族(zu)廣(guang)植。

惠水(shui)(shui)黑(hei)(hei)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)因(yin)其品質好(hao)而稀有(you)珍貴，被譽為云(yun)貴高原的(de)“黑(hei)(hei)珍珠”。惠水(shui)(shui)黑(hei)(hei)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)富含滋(zi)(zi)補和(he)(he)藥(yao)用(yong)(yong)的(de)功(gong)效(xiao)，中(zhong)醫記(ji)載：黑(hei)(hei)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)具有(you)補血(xue)益氣、補腦健腎(shen)，使(shi)肌膚細嫩，體制增強功(gong)效(xiao)的(de)功(gong)效(xiao)。有(you)內服(fu)滋(zi)(zi)補、外(wai)用(yong)(yong)接骨(gu)生肌之效(xiao)，故(gu)又有(you)“藥(yao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)”之稱(cheng)。在舊社會時(shi)期(qi)，醫療條件差，惠水(shui)(shui)當(dang)(dang)地(di)的(de)產(chan)(chan)婦在坐月(yue)子期(qi)間都(dou)要吃黑(hei)(hei)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，俗稱(cheng)“月(yue)婆(po)飯”，因(yin)為黑(hei)(hei)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)有(you)收宮健身之功(gong)。在惠水(shui)(shui)，當(dang)(dang)媳婦有(you)身孕時(shi)，自己(ji)的(de)婆(po)婆(po)和(he)(he)丈夫都(dou)會提前(qian)準(zhun)備好(hao)上好(hao)的(de)黑(hei)(hei)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，中(zhong)醫理論有(you)黑(hei)(hei)入(ru)腎(shen)，腎(shen)強則青春煥發、精力充沛。在惠水(shui)(shui)黑(hei)(hei)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)主產(chan)(chan)區擺金鎮、雅水(shui)(shui)鎮一帶，當(dang)(dang)地(di)人個個頭發烏黑(hei)(hei)、精神(shen)抖(dou)擻，就與他(ta)們(men)長期(qi)食用(yong)(yong)惠水(shui)(shui)黑(hei)(hei)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)有(you)著(zhu)很大的(de)關系。

營養價值

黑(hei)(hei)糯(nuo)米以其具有豐富(fu)的營養價值(zhi)和藥用價值(zhi)而(er)被(bei)譽為“黑(hei)(hei)珍珠”。

中醫理論上，“有(you)黑(hei)(hei)入腎，腎強(qiang)則青春(chun)煥發，精力充(chong)沛(pei)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)說(shuo)；民(min)間(jian)則視為(wei)(wei)具有(you)滋補(bu)健身和(he)藥用功效。根據貴州農學(xue)院對十(shi)(shi)(shi)七個(ge)黑(hei)(hei)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)品種和(he)五(wu)個(ge)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)品種進行分析化驗對比(bi)(bi)的(de)結果，黑(hei)(hei)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)比(bi)(bi)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)蛋(dan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)質、賴(lai)氨(an)酸和(he)核黃素(su)含量都高(gao)。黑(hei)(hei)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)粗蛋(dan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)含量在百(bai)(bai)(bai)分之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)八(ba)點(dian)(dian)八(ba)至十(shi)(shi)(shi)四點(dian)(dian)一(yi)五(wu)，平(ping)均為(wei)(wei)百(bai)(bai)(bai)分之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)點(dian)(dian)四八(ba)，而(er)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)僅為(wei)(wei)百(bai)(bai)(bai)分之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)七點(dian)(dian)五(wu)三(san)至十(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)點(dian)(dian)一(yi)八(ba)，平(ping)均為(wei)(wei)百(bai)(bai)(bai)分之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)九點(dian)(dian)五(wu)二(er)；黑(hei)(hei)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)賴(lai)氨(an)酸含量在百(bai)(bai)(bai)分之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)點(dian)(dian)三(san)二(er)至一(yi)點(dian)(dian)五(wu)二(er)，平(ping)均為(wei)(wei)百(bai)(bai)(bai)分之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)點(dian)(dian)四一(yi)，而(er)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)僅百(bai)(bai)(bai)分之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)點(dian)(dian)二(er)八(ba)至零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)點(dian)(dian)三(san)七，乎均為(wei)(wei)百(bai)(bai)(bai)分之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)點(dian)(dian)三(san)二(er)；黑(hei)(hei)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)每百(bai)(bai)(bai)克(ke)含核黃素(su)在零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)點(dian)(dian)一(yi)二(er)至零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)點(dian)(dian)三(san)一(yi)毫(hao)克(ke)，平(ping)均為(wei)(wei)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)點(dian)(dian)一(yi)九毫(hao)克(ke)，而(er)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)僅為(wei)(wei)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)點(dian)(dian)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)八(ba)至零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)點(dian)(dian)一(yi)五(wu)毫(hao)克(ke)，平(ping)均為(wei)(wei)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)點(dian)(dian)一(yi)毫(hao)克(ke)。根據民(min)食(shi)(shi)習慣，黑(hei)(hei)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)以糙米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)進食(shi)(shi)，白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)以精白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)進食(shi)(shi)。因此，一(yi)般地說(shuo)來，黑(hei)(hei)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)營養價值比(bi)(bi)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)高(gao)得多。產(chan)(chan)婦(fu)食(shi)(shi)用黑(hei)(hei)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)較(jiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)有(you)助于(yu)(yu)滋補(bu)產(chan)(chan)后造成的(de)身體虛(xu)弱，有(you)利于(yu)(yu)增(zeng)加乳汁，哺(bu)乳嬰兒。黑(hei)(hei)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)不僅對產(chan)(chan)婦(fu)有(you)良好(hao)的(de)滋補(bu)作用，而(er)且對于(yu)(yu)慢(man)性病患者(zhe)、恢復期(qi)病人和(he)體虛(xu)者(zhe)，都是一(yi)種很好(hao)的(de)營養滋補(bu)品。

因此，多少(shao)年來，即成為(wei)當地農(nong)民群眾(zhong)，特別是少(shao)數民族逢年過節和待客送禮(li)的珍品(pin)。