一.產品介紹
筠(yun)連(lian)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)種植(zhi)歷史悠(you)久,據《中(zhong)國茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)通史》記(ji)載:“筠(yun)連(lian)產(chan)(chan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)(de)悠(you)久歷史可上溯至兩(liang)千多年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)秦漢,早在(zai)(zai)唐代就是四川的(de)(de)(de)重點產(chan)(chan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)區之一”;另據《筠(yun)連(lian)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)志》記(ji)載:“清道光30年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1850年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))派引征收(shou)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)稅。民(min)國元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1912年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))至25年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)最(zui)高(gao)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)350噸,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)色(se)味(wei)俱佳,冠于四川省南路各縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),銷售陜滇黔諸省。36年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)產(chan)(chan)值9.79億元(yuan)(法幣),為農(nong)村經濟最(zui)大(da)收(shou)入(ru)(ru)之一”。 筠(yun)連(lian)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)品(pin)(pin)質上乘,上世紀(ji)50年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代即在(zai)(zai)全(quan)(quan)國享(xiang)有(you)盛名,在(zai)(zai)國際市(shi)場(chang)享(xiang)有(you)“賽祁紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)”的(de)(de)(de)美譽。1955年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),上海茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)公(gong)(gong)司(si)對筠(yun)連(lian)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)(de)評(ping)(ping)價是“外(wai)形(xing)秀麗,條索緊(jin)細(xi),毫鋒顯露,色(se)澤烏潤,湯色(se)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)艷,葉(xie)(xie)底紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)勻,香高(gao)味(wei)醇(chun)”。1956年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),國家(jia)投(tou)資20萬(wan)元(yuan)在(zai)(zai)筠(yun)連(lian)建電動紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)初(chu)(chu)制廠,加(jia)工(gong)精制紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)。1957年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)春,蘇聯駐華茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)專(zhuan)家(jia)專(zhuan)程(cheng)來(lai)筠(yun)連(lian)參(can)觀紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)(de)制作(zuo)過程(cheng),對紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)(de)品(pin)(pin)質相當滿(man)意。1959年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)9月,筠(yun)連(lian)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)工(gong)作(zuo)者(zhe)采(cai)制白露芽茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)1.5公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)獻(xian)給毛主席品(pin)(pin)嘗(chang),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此向國慶十周年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)獻(xian)禮(li),中(zhong)央辦公(gong)(gong)廳復函致謝。至1959年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)種植(zhi)規模11000畝,比建國初(chu)(chu)期增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)八倍有(you)余,共(gong)出口紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)2000噸,暢銷蘇聯、波蘭(lan)、聯邦德國、英(ying)國等(deng)國家(jia)。1974年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),筠(yun)連(lian)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)被全(quan)(quan)國茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)大(da)會(hui)列為百強茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)基(ji)地縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。 近年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)來(lai),縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)委、縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)政府面對國際國內紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)市(shi)場(chang)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)變化(hua),審(shen)時度勢,著力恢復發展紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)產(chan)(chan)業。筠(yun)連(lian)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)在(zai)(zai)保持原(yuan)有(you)色(se)、香、味(wei)的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎上,不(bu)斷(duan)創新(xin)制作(zuo)方法,使產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)外(wai)形(xing)緊(jin)細(xi)秀麗,滋味(wei)鮮醇(chun),回味(wei)悠(you)長。2009-2013年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),筠(yun)連(lian)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)連(lian)續5次榮獲國際茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)博(bo)會(hui)金(jin)(jin)獎;2012年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)來(lai),筠(yun)連(lian)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)先后(hou)榮獲第1-3屆中(zhong)國(四川)國際茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)博(bo)會(hui)金(jin)(jin)獎。2013年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園總(zong)面積17.69萬(wan)畝(其中(zhong)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)9萬(wan)畝),茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)總(zong)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)5413噸(其中(zhong)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)2017噸),茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)總(zong)產(chan)(chan)值2億元(yuan)(其中(zhong)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)0.97億元(yuan))。全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)18個鄉鎮中(zhong),面積1萬(wan)畝以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上的(de)(de)(de)5個,茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)100噸以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上的(de)(de)(de)4個,200噸以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上的(de)(de)(de)9個。共(gong)有(you)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)初(chu)(chu)精制加(jia)工(gong)企業68個,其中(zhong)省級(ji)龍頭企業2個、市(shi)級(ji)龍頭企業3個、省級(ji)示(shi)范(fan)合作(zuo)社(she)2個(1個正在(zai)(zai)申(shen)報國家(jia)級(ji)示(shi)范(fan)合作(zuo)社(she))、市(shi)級(ji)示(shi)范(fan)合作(zuo)社(she)3個,擁有(you)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)加(jia)工(gong)機械(xie)1250余臺套。浙(zhe)江大(da)學農(nong)業品(pin)(pin)牌(pai)研究中(zhong)心(xin)對筠(yun)連(lian)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)區域(yu)品(pin)(pin)牌(pai)價值評(ping)(ping)估為3.81億元(yuan)。茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)農(nong)人均收(shou)入(ru)(ru)1058元(yuan),茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)對農(nong)民(min)純收(shou)入(ru)(ru)的(de)(de)(de)貢獻(xian)率達(da)13.5%,筠(yun)連(lian)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)已成為全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)農(nong)業增(zeng)(zeng)效、農(nong)民(min)增(zeng)(zeng)收(shou)的(de)(de)(de)支柱產(chan)(chan)業之一。
二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因素
筠連(lian)紅茶(cha)(cha)產(chan)區(qu)位于四川盆(pen)地(di)南緣烏(wu)蒙(meng)山區(qu),地(di)勢南高北低(di)(di),屬(shu)低(di)(di)中山峽谷帶(dai)壩地(di)貌,地(di)形以低(di)(di)山槽壩為主,海拔368-1777m。產(chan)區(qu)土(tu)壤(rang)以黃壤(rang)、紫色土(tu)為主,pH值(zhi)5.5-6.5,土(tu)地(di)多偏弱酸(suan),屬(shu)富硒茶(cha)(cha)區(qu)域,土(tu)壤(rang)肥(fei)沃,土(tu)質疏松(song),非常適合(he)茶(cha)(cha)樹生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)。 筠連(lian)紅茶(cha)(cha)產(chan)區(qu)屬(shu)亞熱(re)帶(dai)濕潤(run)季風氣(qi)候區(qu),熱(re)量豐富,雨量充沛,無霜期長(chang),四季分明,具有春早(zao)、夏熱(re)、秋短、冬暖、無持(chi)續性冰凍天氣(qi)等特點。產(chan)區(qu)年均(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)17.6℃,最(zui)高年均(jun)(jun)(jun)溫(wen)度18.1℃,絕對最(zui)高溫(wen)40℃,極端(duan)最(zui)低(di)(di)溫(wen)-8.8℃,年均(jun)(jun)(jun)積溫(wen)5839.9℃,≥10℃的(de)(de)(de)年平均(jun)(jun)(jun)積溫(wen)5580.2℃,年均(jun)(jun)(jun)日照1064.4小時,年均(jun)(jun)(jun)降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)量1200.9mm,平均(jun)(jun)(jun)降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)日數(shu)204天,無霜期344天,平均(jun)(jun)(jun)相對濕度81%,是茶(cha)(cha)樹的(de)(de)(de)最(zui)佳生(sheng)(sheng)態區(qu)。筠連(lian)縣(xian)是四川省優勢茶(cha)(cha)葉生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)基(ji)地(di)建設縣(xian)和(he)宜賓市早(zao)茶(cha)(cha)重(zhong)點生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)縣(xian),得天獨厚的(de)(de)(de)自然生(sheng)(sheng)態環境造就了筠連(lian)紅茶(cha)(cha)色澤烏(wu)潤(run)、香高味醇的(de)(de)(de)獨特品質。
三.地域范圍
筠連(lian)(lian)紅茶農產(chan)品地理標志地域保護范圍包(bao)括筠連(lian)(lian)縣境(jing)內的(de)筠連(lian)(lian)鎮(zhen)、騰(teng)達鎮(zhen)、巡司鎮(zhen)、蒿(hao)壩鎮(zhen)、雙騰(teng)鎮(zhen)、沐愛(ai)鎮(zhen)、維新鎮(zhen)、鎮(zhen)舟鎮(zhen)、大(da)雪(xue)山鎮(zhen)、武德(de)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、塘壩鄉(xiang)(xiang)、龍(long)鎮(zhen)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、孔雀鄉(xiang)(xiang)、樂義鄉(xiang)(xiang)、高坎(kan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、團(tuan)林(lin)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、聯合鄉(xiang)(xiang)、高坪鄉(xiang)(xiang)18個鄉(xiang)(xiang)(鎮(zhen))、243個村。東經104°17′45〞-104°47′20〞,北緯27°50′37〞-28°14′8〞。保護面積9200公(gong)頃,年產(chan)量(liang)5000噸。
四.產品品質特性特征
(1)感官品(pin)質(zhi)特征:筠(yun)連(lian)紅茶外形(xing)緊結烏潤、勻整,香氣甜香濃(nong)郁、持久,湯色紅亮清澈帶金邊,滋味鮮醇回甘,葉底(di)紅勻亮。
(2)內在品質指(zhi)標:筠連(lian)紅茶茶多酚(fen)≥9%,水浸(jin)出物≥35%。
(3)安(an)全要求:筠(yun)連(lian)紅(hong)茶執(zhi)行符合國家法律法規的有關標準(zhun)要求。