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形態特征

由(you)于平(ping)潭(tan)四面環海，獨特的(de)氣候、地理條件造就(jiu)了平(ping)潭(tan)水(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)三大特色：首先是(shi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)期相對其他地區(qu)的(de)水(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)長(chang)，據(ju)了解，平(ping)潭(tan)水(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)平(ping)均花(hua)(hua)(hua)期長(chang)達(da)18天之久；其次是(shi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)蕾數(shu)量多，香(xiang)味(wei)濃(nong)郁(yu)持(chi)久；第(di)三是(shi)平(ping)潭(tan)水(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)株型(xing)矮(ai)壯、健美，這也是(shi)它與(yu)漳州水(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)最大區(qu)別，由(you)于抗(kang)倒伏能力(li)極強，這一優(you)勢便成了平(ping)潭(tan)水(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)最大賣點。據(ju)專家考證，平(ping)潭(tan)水(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)歷經(jing)200多年的(de)野(ye)化生(sheng)存，在惡(e)劣的(de)自然(ran)環境(jing)中，遵(zun)循著生(sheng)物界優(you)勝劣汰的(de)自然(ran)規則，其優(you)良種性(xing)表現得(de)尤為突(tu)出，且(qie)人工馴化時(shi)間不長(chang)，其生(sheng)態特征更具野(ye)性(xing)。在觀(guan)賞培育方(fang)面可塑性(xing)更強，觀(guan)賞價值更高，素以花(hua)(hua)(hua)箭多、花(hua)(hua)(hua)期長(chang)、花(hua)(hua)(hua)味(wei)香(xiang)、花(hua)(hua)(hua)姿美而聞名遐(xia)邇。更是(shi)因抗(kang)逆性(xing)強、病害少、抗(kang)倒伏和不啞花(hua)(hua)(hua)等特點而獲(huo)得(de)廣大栽培者的(de)賞識。

生長環境

特(te)殊(shu)的土壤結構，暖(nuan)溫的氣候(hou)，多風的氣象條(tiao)件是(shi)形成平潭水(shui)仙特(te)殊(shu)品種的主要因(yin)素，是(shi)其它(ta)地區品種所無法(fa)替代的。

分布范圍

平(ping)(ping)潭(tan)縣簡稱(cheng)“嵐”，形似(si)神獸麒麟，位于北緯(wei)25°15′—25°45′，東(dong)經119°32′—120°10′。東(dong)臨臺(tai)(tai)灣海(hai)(hai)峽，距臺(tai)(tai)灣新(xin)竹港僅68海(hai)(hai)里(li)，是(shi)福建省以及大(da)陸(lu)與臺(tai)(tai)灣距離最近(jin)的(de)島(dao)縣，西(xi)隔海(hai)(hai)壇海(hai)(hai)峽，與長樂(le)、福清(qing)市(shi)、莆田縣為鄰(lin)，南近(jin)莆田縣的(de)南島(dao)，北望白犬(quan)列(lie)島(dao)。全縣由126個(ge)島(dao)嶼組成，陸(lu)地面積(ji)371.91平(ping)(ping)方公里(li)，灘涂64.65平(ping)(ping)方公里(li)，海(hai)(hai)域面積(ji)6000多平(ping)(ping)方公里(li)，海(hai)(hai)岸(an)(an)線長399.82公里(li)。海(hai)(hai)壇島(dao)是(shi)福建省第一大(da)島(dao)，中國第五大(da)島(dao)，陸(lu)地面積(ji)267.13平(ping)(ping)方公里(li)。全縣島(dao)嶼多，海(hai)(hai)岸(an)(an)線蜿蜒曲折，其類(lei)型有基巖侵(qin)蝕(shi)海(hai)(hai)岸(an)(an)、紅(hong)土(tu)侵(qin)蝕(shi)海(hai)(hai)岸(an)(an)、沙質塘積(ji)海(hai)(hai)岸(an)(an)、沙泥質和混沙質塘積(ji)海(hai)(hai)岸(an)(an)。

平(ping)潭屬(shu)南亞熱(re)(re)帶海洋性季(ji)風(feng)氣候(hou)。夏(xia)長冬(dong)短，溫(wen)(wen)熱(re)(re)濕(shi)潤，夏(xia)涼冬(dong)暖、霜雪罕見。春溫(wen)(wen)低于秋溫(wen)(wen)。多(duo)(duo)年(nian)平(ping)均氣溫(wen)(wen)19.6℃，最(zui)冷日(ri)平(ping)均氣溫(wen)(wen)10.2℃；最(zui)熱(re)(re)日(ri)平(ping)均氣溫(wen)(wen)27.9℃，全(quan)(quan)年(nian)≥10℃的活動積(ji)溫(wen)(wen)有6563度日(ri)，多(duo)(duo)年(nian)平(ping)均日(ri)照1919.7小時。雨熱(re)(re)同季(ji)，旱雨季(ji)節(jie)分明，多(duo)(duo)年(nian)平(ping)均降水量(liang)1172毫(hao)米，蒸發量(liang)1300毫(hao)米，為福建(jian)省少雨區(qu)之(zhi)一。季(ji)風(feng)明顯，夏(xia)季(ji)以偏南風(feng)為主，其余季(ji)節(jie)多(duo)(duo)為東(dong)北風(feng)。風(feng)力年(nian)平(ping)均風(feng)速6.9米/秒(miao)，灣海地區(qu)全(quan)(quan)年(nian)大風(feng)（7級以上）日(ri)數(shu)為125天，是福建(jian)省強(qiang)風(feng)區(qu)之(zhi)一。

生產情況

1978年(nian)(nian)，時任平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)縣(xian)企業(ye)(ye)局局長的(de)馮立朝先生(sheng)，把家(jia)鄉的(de)野(ye)生(sheng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)球(qiu)(qiu)莖(jing)送往(wang)廈門市園林部(bu)門，經鑒定確認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中國水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)一，平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)從(cong)此(ci)得到(dao)人(ren)們的(de)高度(du)重(zhong)視并加以繼(ji)(ji)續(xu)培育。1978年(nian)(nian)8月(yue)(yue)(yue)，君(jun)山村(cun)野(ye)生(sheng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)經福建(jian)省(sheng)(sheng)亞熱帶作物研(yan)究所(suo)檢驗(yan)(yan)鑒定為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“單(dan)瓣玉玲瓏”，與漳州水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)同(tong)種(zhong)(zhong)。同(tong)年(nian)(nian)10月(yue)(yue)(yue)，平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)縣(xian)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)委、縣(xian)企業(ye)(ye)局、縣(xian)外(wai)貿公(gong)司聯(lian)合撥款，在(zai)(zai)君(jun)山村(cun)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)馴(xun)化(hua)試(shi)種(zhong)(zhong)初獲成功(gong)(gong)。1979年(nian)(nian)擴種(zhong)(zhong)3.8畝(mu)，并列入福建(jian)省(sheng)(sheng)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)委和莆田地(di)(di)(di)區科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)委“人(ren)工(gong)(gong)馴(xun)化(hua)”科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)計劃(hua)項目。次(ci)年(nian)(nian)6月(yue)(yue)(yue)，經福建(jian)省(sheng)(sheng)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)委核心組(zu)驗(yan)(yan)收，商(shang)(shang)品(pin)率(lv)達90%以上，出口合格率(lv)達65%以上，命名(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)”。當年(nian)(nian)，在(zai)(zai)君(jun)山村(cun)繼(ji)(ji)續(xu)擴種(zhong)(zhong)，同(tong)時在(zai)(zai)潭(tan)城(cheng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)培育場，對(dui)大練公(gong)社(she)月(yue)(yue)(yue)舉(ju)村(cun)的(de)野(ye)生(sheng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)種(zhong)(zhong)球(qiu)(qiu)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)異(yi)地(di)(di)(di)試(shi)種(zhong)(zhong)，獲得成功(gong)(gong)。1981年(nian)(nian)福建(jian)省(sheng)(sheng)農業(ye)(ye)廳把平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)縣(xian)列為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)良種(zhong)(zhong)繁殖基地(di)(di)(di)，進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)高產(chan)(chan)優質試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)。1984年(nian)(nian)，平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)縣(xian)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)委組(zu)織實施(shi)“野(ye)化(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)復壯培育研(yan)究”。1987年(nian)(nian)12月(yue)(yue)(yue)25～26日，經市科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)委組(zu)織專家(jia)鑒定，平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)具有抗逆性(xing)強(qiang)、花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)箭多、花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)期長、氣味清(qing)香等(deng)特點。1989年(nian)(nian)，平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)被(bei)國家(jia)計委、農業(ye)(ye)部(bu)列為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)商(shang)(shang)品(pin)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)基地(di)(di)(di)。1992年(nian)(nian)3月(yue)(yue)(yue)，在(zai)(zai)香港舉(ju)行(xing)(xing)的(de)國際花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)上，平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)獲“最佳展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)品(pin)獎”。1995年(nian)(nian)，種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)積(ji)達75畝(mu)。2003年(nian)(nian)，平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)積(ji)有1000多畝(mu)。2008年(nian)(nian)，平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)縣(xian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)積(ji)達30多公(gong)頃，產(chan)(chan)球(qiu)(qiu)量達150萬粒(li)，產(chan)(chan)值達1000萬元。但是產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)總體發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)還是比較慢，主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)是投(tou)資主(zhu)(zhu)體單(dan)一、投(tou)資能力(li)較弱。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)規模(mo)不夠強(qiang)大，也(ye)導致對(dui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技投(tou)入不足，宣傳力(li)度(du)不夠大，企業(ye)(ye)未能形成自己的(de)優質品(pin)牌產(chan)(chan)品(pin)。到(dao)2010年(nian)(nian)，平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)積(ji)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)300多畝(mu)，主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)分布在(zai)(zai)敖東(dong)、中樓和潭(tan)城(cheng)的(de)海(hai)灘地(di)(di)(di)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)了重(zhong)振(zhen)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，該(gai)縣(xian)除(chu)了推動(dong)注冊(ce)“平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)”地(di)(di)(di)理標(biao)志證(zheng)明商(shang)(shang)標(biao)工(gong)(gong)作，平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)工(gong)(gong)商(shang)(shang)局和縣(xian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)開發總公(gong)司還通過“商(shang)(shang)標(biao)+公(gong)司+農戶”模(mo)式，帶動(dong)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)，提升平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)知名(ming)度(du)、競爭力(li)和價格水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。

產品榮譽

1992年(nian)在(zai)(zai)“香港(gang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際花(hua)(hua)(hua)展”盛會(hui)(hui)上(shang)，十多個(ge)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)和地區，以數(shu)千(qian)種(zhong)的(de)名花(hua)(hua)(hua)異草(cao)參(can)展競秀，“平潭水(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)”作為(wei)中國(guo)(guo)(guo)獨一(yi)無二的(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代表參(can)展，榮獲“最(zui)佳展品獎(jiang)”；接著參(can)加中國(guo)(guo)(guo)花(hua)(hua)(hua)展協會(hui)(hui)舉辦的(de)千(qian)種(zhong)花(hua)(hua)(hua)評獎(jiang)大會(hui)(hui)，又獲得一(yi)等獎(jiang)。而在(zai)(zai)中南海(hai)、人民大會(hui)(hui)堂等重要場所(suo)，平潭水(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)也(ye)爭奇(qi)斗艷(yan)，成(cheng)為(wei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)大型慶(qing)典(dian)活動(dong)、國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)領導人接見外賓的(de)迎春(chun)(chun)花(hua)(hua)(hua)、迎賓花(hua)(hua)(hua)。2003年(nian)在(zai)(zai)美國(guo)(guo)(guo)春(chun)(chun)季花(hua)(hua)(hua)卉展銷會(hui)(hui)上(shang)，平潭水(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)開發總(zong)公司帶去的(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)得到(dao)很(hen)高評價(jia)，平潭水(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)自此走出國(guo)(guo)(guo)門，在(zai)(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際花(hua)(hua)(hua)卉市場上(shang)凸顯其獨特(te)魅力。2007年(nian)底，平潭水(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)被納入地理標(biao)志(zhi)保(bao)護產品目(mu)錄，也(ye)是中國(guo)(guo)(guo)唯一(yi)獲得國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)地理標(biao)志(zhi)保(bao)護的(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)。