芒果视频下载

一.產品介紹

石(shi)榴(liu)種植主要分(fen)布在嶧城區榴(liu)園鎮轄區內的王府山莊(zhuang)(zhuang)、魏樓、白樓、曹馬、小莊(zhuang)(zhuang)子、北孫莊(zhuang)(zhuang)、和順莊(zhuang)(zhuang)、朱村(cun)等(deng)八(ba)個行政村(cun)。地勢北高南低(di)，平均海拔185米，耕(geng)地面(mian)積 9.4萬畝，四季分(fen)明，光照充足，雨熱(re)同期(qi)，光、熱(re)、水(shui)資(zi)源時序(xu)變化與作物生長期(qi)匹配良好(hao)，水(shui)土保(bao)持(chi)良好(hao)，生態環境(jing)優異，系國家級(ji)生態示(shi)范區、省級(ji)標準化生產基(ji)地。基(ji)地遠(yuan)離(li)工礦企業，大氣、土壤、水(shui)質優良，具有發展無公害農產品(pin)(pin)、綠(lv)色食品(pin)(pin)、有機食品(pin)(pin)生產的獨特條件和優勢。

二(er).自然(ran)生態環境和人文歷史因素

1、土(tu)壤(rang)地(di)貌(mao)情(qing)況：嶧城石榴(liu)園地(di)處魯中(zhong)(zhong)南丘陵邊緣地(di)帶，地(di)貌(mao)類型(xing)多(duo)樣，山(shan)區土(tu)壤(rang)為石灰(hui)質、巖母質發育的沙(sha)土(tu)和棕(zong)壤(rang)，呈中(zhong)(zhong)性到微堿性反應。山(shan)中(zhong)(zhong)下部(bu)土(tu)層較厚(hou)，孔隙(xi)度好，水肥氣熱協調，經取(qu)土(tu)化驗，耕層土(tu)壤(rang)養分含(han)量為有機(ji)質1.46%，氮含(han)量0.08%，速(su)效磷12mg/kg，速(su)效鉀105.3mg/kg，堿解(jie)氮88mg/kg，有利(li)于石榴(liu)的生(sheng)長。

2、水文情況(kuang)：石榴(liu)園處于大(da)山(shan)深處，年(nian)(nian)均降(jiang)(jiang)水量895mm，石榴(liu)生長期間(jian)的(de)降(jiang)(jiang)水占(zhan)全(quan)年(nian)(nian)降(jiang)(jiang)水量的(de)85%以上，非常(chang)有利于石榴(liu)生長發育的(de)需要，為降(jiang)(jiang)低生產成本提供了極其便利的(de)自然條件。

3、氣(qi)候(hou)情(qing)況：石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)主(zhu)產(chan)(chan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)光(guang)照充足，熱量(liang)資源豐(feng)富，氣(qi)候(hou)溫(wen)暖，雨熱同(tong)期(qi)，有(you)利(li)于(yu)生長，光(guang)照條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)良(liang)好，雨量(liang)集中(zhong)，四季(ji)分明(ming)。光(guang)照：年(nian)(nian)日照時(shi)數(shu)2376.0小(xiao)時(shi)，日照百分率(lv)49%，年(nian)(nian)光(guang)輻射量(liang)117.5千(qian)卡/平方厘米，有(you)利(li)于(yu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)合作(zuo)用(yong)。溫(wen)度：年(nian)(nian)平均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)13.9℃，≥10℃積溫(wen)，4629.5℃，7月均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)最低(di)為(wei)-1.4℃，全(quan)年(nian)(nian)無(wu)霜期(qi)193天(tian)。有(you)利(li)于(yu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)生長發(fa)(fa)(fa)育(yu)。降(jiang)水：年(nian)(nian)均(jun)降(jiang)水量(liang)895mm，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)生長期(qi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)降(jiang)水占全(quan)年(nian)(nian)降(jiang)水量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)85%以(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，非常有(you)利(li)于(yu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)生長發(fa)(fa)(fa)育(yu)的(de)(de)(de)需要(yao)，為(wei)降(jiang)低(di)生產(chan)(chan)成本提供了(le)(le)極其便利(li)的(de)(de)(de)自然(ran)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)。榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)園(yuan)(yuan)鎮石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)生產(chan)(chan)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)優(you)越(yue)，農(nong)(nong)民具有(you)成熟的(de)(de)(de)栽(zai)培管(guan)理(li)經驗。溝、渠、路、橋、閘、水、涵、電、林網(wang)配套齊全(quan)設(she)施(shi)良(liang)好，灌溉用(yong)水無(wu)污染。 4、人(ren)文歷史情(qing)況：嶧(yi)(yi)城(cheng)舊稱嶧(yi)(yi)縣，自西漢設(she)縣以(yi)(yi)來，在(zai)歷代(dai)興替沿革(ge)中(zhong)一直是州縣治所，1962年(nian)(nian)建制為(wei)市轄區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。嶧(yi)(yi)城(cheng)歷史悠久(jiu)，文化燦爛(lan)，名(ming)人(ren)輩出，“一代(dai)鴻儒”蕭望(wang)之，“散(san)(san)金(jin)濟(ji)貧”的(de)(de)(de)疏廣、疏受(shou)，“鑿壁(bi)偷光(guang)”的(de)(de)(de)漢相(xiang)匡(kuang)(kuang)衡，“克(ke)己恭儉”的(de)(de)(de)王良(liang)及明(ming)代(dai)兵部右侍郎(lang)賈三近(jin)等皆出于(yu)嶧(yi)(yi)地。嶧(yi)(yi)城(cheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)有(you)著(zhu)悠久(jiu)的(de)(de)(de)栽(zai)培歷史。據《博(bo)物志》記(ji)載，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)原產(chan)(chan)西域，西漢武帝年(nian)(nian)間(jian)，漢使張騫從(cong)涂林安(an)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)國(guo)（現(xian)伊(yi)朗）引(yin)入(ru)中(zhong)原。丞相(xiang)匡(kuang)(kuang)衡從(cong)皇家上(shang)(shang)(shang)林苑引(yin)至家鄉（今(jin)山(shan)(shan)東省(sheng)棗莊(zhuang)市嶧(yi)(yi)城(cheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)匡(kuang)(kuang)談村(cun)(cun)）栽(zai)培，到(dao)現(xian)在(zai)已有(you)2000多年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)歷史，1987年(nian)(nian)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)花(hua)被(bei)定為(wei)棗莊(zhuang)市市花(hua)，至今(jin)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展成十萬(wan)余(yu)畝的(de)(de)(de)規模。近(jin)年(nian)(nian)來嶧(yi)(yi)城(cheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)委(wei)、區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)政府立(li)足石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)資源優(you)勢，著(zhu)重(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)標準(zhun)(zhun)化生產(chan)(chan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)下功夫(fu)，在(zai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)化上(shang)(shang)(shang)做文章，有(you)力提高了(le)(le)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)科技含量(liang)和產(chan)(chan)品的(de)(de)(de)附(fu)加值(zhi)。以(yi)(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)標準(zhun)(zhun)化生產(chan)(chan)為(wei)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)，建立(li)健全(quan)標準(zhun)(zhun)化操作(zuo)規程，加大(da)生產(chan)(chan)環節監管(guan)，2002年(nian)(nian)“榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)園(yuan)(yuan)”牌石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)被(bei)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)部認(ren)定為(wei)無(wu)公害農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品，同(tong)年(nian)(nian)“榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)園(yuan)(yuan)”石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)基地列入(ru)山(shan)(shan)東省(sheng)標準(zhun)(zhun)化基地；以(yi)(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)文化開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)為(wei)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)，組建了(le)(le)全(quan)國(guo)最大(da)的(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)園(yuan)(yuan)林，1992年(nian)(nian)嶧(yi)(yi)城(cheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)園(yuan)(yuan)被(bei)開(kai)辟為(wei)中(zhong)國(guo)友好觀光(guang)年(nian)(nian)“花(hua)之路”旅(lv)游(you)線(xian)主(zhu)要(yao)旅(lv)游(you)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)之一，年(nian)(nian)接待(dai)中(zhong)外游(you)客(ke)15萬(wan)人(ren)，2007年(nian)(nian)被(bei)國(guo)家命(ming)名(ming)為(wei)AAAA級(ji)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)生態旅(lv)游(you)示(shi)(shi)(shi)范景(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)；以(yi)(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)產(chan)(chan)品開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)為(wei)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)，全(quan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)建有(you)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)深加工企業(ye)(ye)3處(chu)，年(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)飲料(liao)2000萬(wan)聽，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)茶500噸，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)紅酒300噸；組建石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)產(chan)(chan)銷(xiao)協會1個(ge)，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)集散(san)(san)市場(chang)8處(chu)，創(chuang)造營銷(xiao)額(e)近(jin)9000余(yu)萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan)；以(yi)(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)盆(pen)(pen)藝開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)為(wei)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)，全(quan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)相(xiang)繼建立(li)了(le)(le)康居盆(pen)(pen)景(jing)園(yuan)(yuan)和生態示(shi)(shi)(shi)范園(yuan)(yuan)，年(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)盆(pen)(pen)景(jing)5萬(wan)盆(pen)(pen)，年(nian)(nian)創(chuang)效益1500余(yu)萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan)，成為(wei)全(quan)國(guo)獨一無(wu)二(er)的(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)盆(pen)(pen)景(jing)花(hua)卉市場(chang)；以(yi)(yi)庭院(yuan)經濟(ji)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)為(wei)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)，扶持石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)庭院(yuan)經濟(ji)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)村(cun)(cun)8個(ge)，發(fa)(fa)(fa)展特色經濟(ji)示(shi)(shi)(shi)范戶200余(yu)戶，年(nian)(nian)創(chuang)社(she)會效益800余(yu)萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan)。在(zai)做大(da)、做強石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)同(tong)時(shi)，嶧(yi)(yi)城(cheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)不斷加強石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)種(zhong)質(zhi)資源保護，投資8600余(yu)萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan)建設(she)了(le)(le)省(sheng)級(ji)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)科技示(shi)(shi)(shi)范園(yuan)(yuan)，規劃石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)種(zhong)質(zhi)示(shi)(shi)(shi)范園(yuan)(yuan)80畝。預計項目建成后，可引(yin)進國(guo)內外石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)品種(zhong)80余(yu)個(ge)，將成為(wei)擁有(you)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)品種(zhong)最多的(de)(de)(de)園(yuan)(yuan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。

三.地域范圍

嶧城(cheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)地域保護范圍為(wei)(wei)山(shan)(shan)東(dong)省(sheng)棗莊市嶧城(cheng)區境內。地理坐標(biao)為(wei)(wei)東(dong)經117°22'－49'，北(bei)緯34°35'－51'，東(dong)西長41km，南北(bei)寬30.9km，品種(zhong)43個，代(dai)表品種(zhong)有大青皮、大紅(hong)袍(pao)、大馬牙、謝花甜、冰糖籽等(deng)。嶧城(cheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)也因其面(mian)積大、品種(zhong)多、產(chan)量高而成為(wei)(wei)全國(guo)主要的(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)生(sheng)產(chan)基地之一。1996年(nian)被國(guo)家農業(ye)部(bu)命(ming)名(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)“中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)石(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)之鄉”；依托(tuo)石(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)資(zi)源開發的(de)“中(zhong)(zhong)華冠世(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)園”于2001年(nian)被上海吉尼(ni)斯大世(shi)界(jie)總部(bu)命(ming)名(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)“吉尼(ni)斯大世(shi)界(jie)之最”；也是(shi)“國(guo)家級(ji)生(sheng)態示范區”，2002年(nian)被山(shan)(shan)東(dong)省(sheng)政(zheng)府命(ming)名(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)山(shan)(shan)東(dong)省(sheng)無公害(hai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)生(sheng)產(chan)基地。

四.產(chan)品品質特(te)性(xing)特(te)征

1、外在感(gan)官特征：嶧城石榴果(guo)實(shi)呈圓球(qiu)形，成(cheng)(cheng)熟后果(guo)皮亮麗，質感(gan)厚重(zhong)，單果(guo)重(zhong)600-1000克，一般(ban)2年開花、3年結果(guo)，不僅可供鮮食，亦可加工成(cheng)(cheng)高級清(qing)涼飲。

2、內在品質指標：嶧(yi)城石(shi)榴以其(qi)源(yuan)遠流長的(de)發(fa)展歷史，具有(you)個(ge)大、汁多(duo)(duo)、味甜、質優、豐產、耐貯運等(deng)特(te)點，獨具一格的(de)地(di)方特(te)色，享譽古今中(zhong)外，其(qi)果實味酸甜、性溫澀(se)、富含多(duo)(duo)種營養，經現代(dai)醫學(xue)測(ce)定（山東省農科院分(fen)析(xi)結(jie)果）石(shi)榴籽中(zhong)含有(you)較多(duo)(duo)的(de)糖份，100g可食(shi)果含可溶性果酸3.75g/100g；果糖15 g/100g；還原型VC19.27mg/100g;磷69.6m g/100g；鉀242.5mg/100g；鈣1.98m g/100g，等(deng)微(wei)量元素的(de)含量比一般水果高，而(er)脂肪、蛋白質的(de)含量較少，且有(you)較高的(de)營養保健和醫補(bu)價值(zhi)。果實以鮮吃(chi)為主。

3、安全要求：石榴(liu)種植基地位于嶧城區駐地西(xi)部(bu)，距城區5km，是山東省標準化生產基地（基地環境已檢測，報(bao)告編(bian)號20022602）。所產石榴(liu)于2004年(nian)獲農業部(bu)無公害農產品(pin)認證（證書(shu)編(bian)號:WGH-04-02214），2007年(nian)獲有機食品(pin)認證(證書(shu)編(bian)號:COFCC-R-0510-0084)。

五.特(te)定生產(chan)方式

1、產地選擇(ze)與特(te)殊內容規定：嶧城石榴選擇(ze)空氣清新、大(da)氣未受(shou)污(wu)染、環(huan)境質(zhi)量符合國(guo)家大(da)氣環(huan)境質(zhi)量標準GB3905-82中所列的(de)一級標準。基地應選離公路(lu)、鐵(tie)路(lu)主要交通干線及(ji)工(gong)礦區，避(bi)開工(gong)業及(ji)城市(shi)污(wu)染源(yuan)影響，距離要大(da)于5km。

2、品(pin)種選(xuan)擇與特定(ding)要求(qiu)：嶧城(cheng)石(shi)榴品(pin)種和砧木(mu)的選(xuan)擇應(ying)以區域化和良種化為(wei)基礎(chu)，遵(zun)照(zhao)石(shi)榴區劃，結(jie)合當地(di)自然條件，選(xuan)擇優良品(pin)種，實行適(shi)地(di)適(shi)栽(zai)。在我區適(shi)宜發展大紅袍、大青皮、大馬牙等(deng)石(shi)榴品(pin)種。石(shi)榴多用枝條扦插繁殖(zhi)，不需(xu)砧木(mu)。

3、生產(chan)過程管理：

①栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)整地(di)：按行(xing)(xing)株距挖深寬(kuan)(kuan)0.8-1m的(de)(de)(de)栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)溝穴(xue)(xue)(xue)，溝穴(xue)(xue)(xue)底填厚30cm左(zuo)右的(de)(de)(de)作物秸稈。挖出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)表土與(yu)足量(liang)(liang)腐熟土雜肥回填溝穴(xue)(xue)(xue)中(zhong)。待填至(zhi)低(di)于地(di)面(mian)20cm后灌(guan)水澆(jiao)透，使土沉(chen)實(shi)(shi)，然后覆上(shang)一(yi)層表土保(bao)墑。栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方式(shi)與(yu)密(mi)度：平地(di)、灘地(di)和(he)6度以下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)緩坡地(di)為長方形栽(zai)(zai)栽(zai)(zai)，6-15度的(de)(de)(de)坡地(di)為等高(gao)栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。授粉樹配置(zhi)(zhi)：建(jian)園時(shi)可選用2-4個以上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)優良品(pin)(pin)種，按等量(liang)(liang)成(cheng)行(xing)(xing)配置(zhi)(zhi)，也可實(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)差量(liang)(liang)成(cheng)行(xing)(xing)配置(zhi)(zhi)（主(zhu)栽(zai)(zai)品(pin)(pin)種與(yu)授粉品(pin)(pin)種的(de)(de)(de)栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)比例4-4.5:1）。苗(miao)(miao)(miao)木的(de)(de)(de)選擇與(yu)處理：選擇苗(miao)(miao)(miao)高(gao)80-100cm，具較大側根(gen)3-5條(tiao)，無大的(de)(de)(de)劈(pi)傷、撕(si)傷。核實(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)種，剔除不(bu)合格苗(miao)(miao)(miao)木，修剪(jian)根(gen)系，用水浸根(gen)后，分級栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)間：石榴(liu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)木的(de)(de)(de)栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)般在(zai)(zai)春季(ji)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)，從土壤解凍到芽萌動(dong)，越(yue)晚越(yue)好(hao)。也可秋栽(zai)(zai)，10月(yue)下(xia)旬到12月(yue)上(shang)旬，越(yue)早越(yue)好(hao)。雨(yu)季(ji)栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)要在(zai)(zai)陰(yin)天冒雨(yu)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)。栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)技術(shu)：在(zai)(zai)栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)溝內(nei)按株距挖深寬(kuan)(kuan)30cm的(de)(de)(de)栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)將(jiang)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)木放(fang)入穴(xue)(xue)(xue)中(zhong)央，舒展根(gen)系，扶正苗(miao)(miao)(miao)木，縱橫成(cheng)行(xing)(xing)，邊填土邊提苗(miao)(miao)(miao)、踏實(shi)(shi)。填土完(wan)畢(bi)在(zai)(zai)樹苗(miao)(miao)(miao)周圍(wei)做直徑(jing)1m的(de)(de)(de)樹盤，立即(ji)灌(guan)水，澆(jiao)后覆蓋地(di)膜保(bao)墑。栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)深度以苗(miao)(miao)(miao)木出(chu)圃時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)深度為準春栽(zai)(zai)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后立即(ji)定(ding)(ding)干(gan)；秋栽(zai)(zai)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)翌年春季(ji)萌芽前定(ding)(ding)干(gan)。定(ding)(ding)干(gan)后，采取適當措施(shi)保(bao)護剪(jian)口。

②土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)水(shui)管(guan)理土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)管(guan)理深(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)改土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)：分(fen)為(wei)(wei)擴(kuo)(kuo)穴(xue)深(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)和全園(yuan)深(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)，每(mei)年秋(qiu)季(ji)(ji)果(guo)實(shi)采收后結合秋(qiu)施(shi)(shi)基(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)進行。擴(kuo)(kuo)穴(xue)深(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)為(wei)(wei)在(zai)(zai)定植(zhi)穴(xue)外(wai)挖環(huan)狀溝(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)，溝(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)寬(kuan)80cm，深(shen)(shen)(shen)60cm左右。全園(yuan)深(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)為(wei)(wei)將(jiang)栽植(zhi)穴(xue)外(wai)的土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)全部深(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)，深(shen)(shen)(shen)度30cm-40cm。土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)回(hui)填時混以(yi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)雜(za)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，表土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)放(fang)(fang)在(zai)(zai)底(di)層(ceng)，底(di)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)放(fang)(fang)在(zai)(zai)上層(ceng)，使根土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)密接。清耕制(zhi)(zhi)果(guo)園(yuan)生(sheng)長(chang)季(ji)(ji)降(jiang)雨后，及時中耕松土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)，保持(chi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)疏松無雜(za)草(cao)(cao)。中耕深(shen)(shen)(shen)度5cm-10cm，以(yi)利調溫保墑。覆(fu)(fu)草(cao)(cao)和埋草(cao)(cao)：覆(fu)(fu)草(cao)(cao)在(zai)(zai)春季(ji)(ji)進行。覆(fu)(fu)蓋材料可以(yi)用麥秸、麥糠、玉米秸、干草(cao)(cao)等。把覆(fu)(fu)蓋物覆(fu)(fu)蓋在(zai)(zai)樹(shu)(shu)冠(guan)下，厚度10cm-15cm，上面壓少量(liang)(liang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、連覆(fu)(fu)3-4年后淺翻(fan)1次。也可結合深(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)開大溝(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)埋草(cao)(cao)，提(ti)高土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)力(li)和蓄水(shui)能力(li)。種植(zhi)綠(lv)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)和行間生(sheng)草(cao)(cao):行間提(ti)倡(chang)間作三葉(xie)(xie)草(cao)(cao)、毛葉(xie)(xie)苕子、扁葉(xie)(xie)黃芪等綠(lv)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)作物，通過翻(fan)壓，覆(fu)(fu)蓋和漚制(zhi)(zhi)等方(fang)法(fa)(fa)將(jiang)其(qi)轉變(bian)為(wei)(wei)石(shi)(shi)榴(liu)園(yuan)有機肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。有灌溉條件(jian)的石(shi)(shi)榴(liu)園(yuan)提(ti)倡(chang)行間生(sheng)草(cao)(cao)制(zhi)(zhi)。施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)原(yuan)則：追施(shi)(shi)腐熟土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)雜(za)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，以(yi)保持(chi)或增加土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)力(li)及土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)微生(sheng)物活(huo)性。所施(shi)(shi)用的肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料不應(ying)對(dui)果(guo)園(yuan)環(huan)境(jing)和果(guo)實(shi)品質產生(sheng)不良影響。施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)和數量(liang)(liang)：秋(qiu)季(ji)(ji)果(guo)實(shi)采收后到(dao)落葉(xie)(xie)前施(shi)(shi)入，施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)量(liang)(liang)按生(sheng)產1kg石(shi)(shi)榴(liu)2kg優質農家肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)以(yi)上計算。施(shi)(shi)用方(fang)法(fa)(fa)以(yi)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)施(shi)(shi)或撒(sa)施(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)，施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)部位在(zai)(zai)樹(shu)(shu)冠(guan)投影范(fan)圍(wei)內。溝(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)施(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)挖放(fang)(fang)射狀溝(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)或樹(shu)(shu)冠(guan)外(wai)圍(wei)控環(huan)狀溝(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)，溝(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)深(shen)(shen)(shen)60cm-80cm；撒(sa)施(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)將(jiang)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料均勻地(di)撒(sa)于樹(shu)(shu)冠(guan)下，并(bing)翻(fan)深(shen)(shen)(shen)20cm。

③整(zheng)形(xing)(xing)修剪(jian)(jian)適宜樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)形(xing)(xing)：定植后即根(gen)據栽(zai)培(pei)密度選定適宜樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)形(xing)(xing)。800左(zuo)右樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)高3.0-3.5m，無(wu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)，具有3個方(fang)位角(jiao)120度的(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，每(mei)個主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與地面水(shui)平夾角(jiao)40-45度，每(mei)個主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)分(fen)別分(fen)配生3-4個側(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。修剪(jian)(jian)幼樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)期(qi)：根(gen)據樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)冠結(jie)(jie)構(gou)，選擇培(pei)養(yang)好骨干(gan)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，擴大(da)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)冠。除競爭枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)近(jin)地枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梢(shao)外，保(bao)留(liu)定干(gan)后發出的(de)(de)所有枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)條。第2-3個冬季(ji)時蔬除整(zheng)形(xing)(xing)帶以(yi)下的(de)(de)多余枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)條。對主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)或側(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)采用(yong)回縮(suo)到旺長(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)二次(ci)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上的(de)(de)促(cu)長(chang)(chang)方(fang)法，不在原頭(tou)短截(jie)。生長(chang)(chang)季(ji)拉枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)開角(jiao)。對輔養(yang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甩放、開角(jiao)和(he)疏(shu)除其(qi)上旺稍，控(kong)制生長(chang)(chang)，環(huan)割促(cu)進(jin)座果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。初果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)期(qi)：繼續培(pei)養(yang)各(ge)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、側(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，逐步培(pei)養(yang)各(ge)類(lei)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組。疏(shu)除無(wu)用(yong)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、徒(tu)長(chang)(chang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)纖細(xi)(xi)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，培(pei)養(yang)以(yi)中小枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)結(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組，長(chang)(chang)勢中庸、二次(ci)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)較多的(de)(de)營養(yang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)緩放，促(cu)進(jin)花結(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)；細(xi)(xi)弱的(de)(de)多年生枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)輕(qing)度短截(jie)，更新(xin)(xin)復(fu)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)。以(yi)輕(qing)剪(jian)(jian)、疏(shu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，去強枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，留(liu)中庸偏弱枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；去直立枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，留(liu)水(shui)平斜生枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；去病(bing)蟲枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，保(bao)健(jian)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；多疏(shu)少截(jie)或不截(jie)，變向、緩剪(jian)(jian)，樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)冠中庸開張結(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)好。加強生長(chang)(chang)季(ji)節修剪(jian)(jian)。盛果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)期(qi)：以(yi)疏(shu)除無(wu)用(yong)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、徒(tu)長(chang)(chang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)纖細(xi)(xi)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、病(bing)蟲枯枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，培(pei)養(yang)以(yi)中小為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)健(jian)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)結(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組，調(diao)節結(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)量(liang)，合理負載(zai)。結(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組及時更新(xin)(xin)復(fu)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)，掌握(wo)結(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)母枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)筷(kuai)子(zi)粗細(xi)(xi)，結(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)母枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)間要保(bao)持一定距離，防止交叉、重疊。強旺樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、弱樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)和(he)中庸健(jian)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)分(fen)別采取(qu)以(yi)“控(kong)”、“促(cu)”和(he)“保(bao)”為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)修剪(jian)(jian)措(cuo)施(shi)，使(shi)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)體(ti)穩定健(jian)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)。更新(xin)(xin)復(fu)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)：以(yi)縮(suo)剪(jian)(jian)更新(xin)(xin)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，對衰(shuai)弱的(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)側(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)重回縮(suo)1/3-1/2，剪(jian)(jian)口(kou)保(bao)留(liu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組。新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、側(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)長(chang)(chang)出后，根(gen)據樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)形(xing)(xing)要求(qiu)整(zheng)形(xing)(xing)修剪(jian)(jian)。如果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)骨干(gan)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)已干(gan)枯死(si)亡，地面有健(jian)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)萌(meng)蘗枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時，也可(ke)將原骨干(gan)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)從基部鋸除，利用(yong)根(gen)際萌(meng)蘗整(zheng)形(xing)(xing)，培(pei)養(yang)新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)冠。對衰(shuai)老樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)采用(yong)“去舊枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、留(liu)新(xin)(xin)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、去弱枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、留(liu)強枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，去遠(yuan)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、留(liu)近(jin)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，去斜生、水(shui)平枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、留(liu)直立強旺枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”的(de)(de)復(fu)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)措(cuo)施(shi)。

④疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)花(hua)(hua)(hua)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)果(guo)授粉(fen)：采用人工授粉(fen)，蜜蜂或壁(bi)峰傳粉(fen)等方(fang)法(fa)提高座(zuo)果(guo)率和(he)果(guo)實整齊度。疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)花(hua)(hua)(hua)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)果(guo)：疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)花(hua)(hua)(hua)：石(shi)榴的(de)花(hua)(hua)(hua)量(liang)大，不(bu)完(wan)全花(hua)(hua)(hua)占極大比例，開花(hua)(hua)(hua)對營養(yang)消耗甚多，及時疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)去不(bu)完(wan)全花(hua)(hua)(hua)，在花(hua)(hua)(hua)蕾能分辨完(wan)全花(hua)(hua)(hua)時進行，越(yue)早越(yue)好。第三茬(cha)的(de)完(wan)全花(hua)(hua)(hua)在一、二茬(cha)坐果(guo)已(yi)達負荷(he)量(liang)時也疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)掉(diao)。從可識別(bie)花(hua)(hua)(hua)時開始每10天疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)1次。疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)果(guo)：疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)果(guo)采用多留(liu)頭(tou)花(hua)(hua)(hua)果(guo)，選留(liu)二次果(guo)，疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)去三次果(guo)的(de)方(fang)法(fa)，強樹、強枝(zhi)應多留(liu)，弱樹弱枝(zhi)少留(liu)。弱樹骨干枝(zhi)頭(tou)部不(bu)留(liu)果(guo)。上層(ceng)多疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)少留(liu)，內、下層(ceng)少疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)多留(liu)。花(hua)(hua)(hua)前(qian)環割(ge)和(he)花(hua)(hua)(hua)果(guo)期摘(zhai)除旺梢(shao)：花(hua)(hua)(hua)前(qian)（5月(yue)初(chu)）在旺樹主(zhu)干或主(zhu)枝(zhi)，大輔(fu)養(yang)枝(zhi)上環割(ge)兩(liang)道，提高座(zuo)果(guo)率。在花(hua)(hua)(hua)期和(he)幼果(guo)期多次抹(mo)除背上旺梢(shao)，提高座(zuo)果(guo)率和(he)減(jian)輕(qing)落(luo)花(hua)(hua)(hua)落(luo)果(guo)。

⑤病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)石榴樹(shu)(shu)為多年生(sheng)高大植(zhi)物，病(bing)害(hai)(hai)(hai)較少發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)。防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)原則：遵(zun)照植(zhi)保方(fang)針，預(yu)防(fang)為主(zhu)，綜合防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)措(cuo)施以農業和(he)(he)物理防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為主(zhu)，生(sheng)物防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為核心，按照病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)規律和(he)(he)經(jing)濟閾值，有效控制(zhi)病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)危害(hai)(hai)(hai)。農業防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)：采(cai)取剪除(chu)病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)枝(zhi)、消除(chu)枯(ku)枝(zhi)落葉、刮除(chu)樹(shu)(shu)干翹(qiao)裂皮(pi)(pi)、翻樹(shu)(shu)盤、科學施肥等措(cuo)施抑制(zhi)病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)。將剪除(chu)的(de)(de)病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)枝(zhi)和(he)(he)消除(chu)的(de)(de)枯(ku)枝(zhi)落葉、刮除(chu)的(de)(de)樹(shu)(shu)干翹(qiao)裂皮(pi)(pi)運出果園并焚燒(shao)(shao)，燒(shao)(shao)凈、燒(shao)(shao)透。物理防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)：根據害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)生(sheng)物學特性(xing)，采(cai)取糖(tang)醋液、樹(shu)(shu)干纏(chan)草(cao)繩和(he)(he)黑光(guang)燈等方(fang)法誘殺(sha)害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)。生(sheng)物防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)：人(ren)工釋放(fang)赤眼蜂，助(zhu)遷(qian)和(he)(he)保護瓢蟲(chong)(chong)、草(cao)蛉、捕食螨等天(tian)敵，利用(yong)昆(kun)蟲(chong)(chong)性(xing)外激素誘殺(sha)或(huo)干擾成蟲(chong)(chong)交(jiao)配。

4、產(chan)品收(shou)獲(huo)：根據果實成熟度、用途和市場需求(qiu)綜合確(que)定采收(shou)適期。成熟期不一致的品種，應分期采收(shou)。

5、生(sheng)產記(ji)錄要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)：嶧城(cheng)石榴的(de)生(sheng)產環(huan)節要(yao)(yao)規(gui)范操作(zuo)，要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)嚴(yan)格記(ji)錄，并建檔保存。

六.包裝標識(shi)相關規定

1、分級：對交售的產品進(jin)行挑選，清(qing)除觀感較差的果(guo)子，去除果(guo)蒂(di)。

2、包裝：包裝物為(wei)專用紙箱。裝箱前認真填寫品名、規格(ge)、凈重、產地、檢驗(yan)員(yuan)、日期、收貨人、批號。用膠袋封(feng)口機封(feng)箱。

3、標識：原料收(shou)獲專用包(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)標簽填寫(xie)：品名、規(gui)格(ge)、數量(liang)、產(chan)地、檢驗(yan)員、日(ri)期、收(shou)貨(huo)人、批號。裝(zhuang)(zhuang)箱時填寫(xie)生產(chan)記錄，認真記錄:品名、生產(chan)日(ri)期、數量(liang)、生產(chan)負責人、檢驗(yan)員、原料批號等(deng)。

4、貯藏(zang)：分級包裝號(hao)的產品應(ying)存(cun)放在指定的倉庫(ku)或恒溫庫(ku)(5℃)，以(yi)防(fang)損壞，并加以(yi)標識。貯存(cun)區域要清(qing)潔，環境適宜，物(wu)品擺放整齊有序，定期檢(jian)查(cha)庫(ku)存(cun)情況，貫(guan)徹先進先出的原則。