芒果视频下载

一.產品介紹

石榴(liu)種植主要分(fen)布在嶧城(cheng)區榴(liu)園鎮轄區內的王府山莊(zhuang)、魏樓(lou)、白樓(lou)、曹馬、小莊(zhuang)子、北孫(sun)莊(zhuang)、和順莊(zhuang)、朱村(cun)等(deng)八個行(xing)政村(cun)。地勢(shi)北高南低(di)，平均海拔185米，耕(geng)地面積 9.4萬畝，四季分(fen)明，光照充足，雨熱同期，光、熱、水(shui)資源時序變化(hua)與作物(wu)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)期匹配良(liang)好，水(shui)土保持(chi)良(liang)好，生(sheng)(sheng)態環境優(you)異，系國家(jia)級生(sheng)(sheng)態示范區、省級標準化(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)產基地。基地遠離工礦企業，大氣、土壤、水(shui)質優(you)良(liang)，具有(you)發(fa)展無公(gong)害農產品、綠色(se)食品、有(you)機食品生(sheng)(sheng)產的獨(du)特(te)條(tiao)件和優(you)勢(shi)。

二.自(zi)然生態環境和人文(wen)歷史因(yin)素

1、土(tu)(tu)壤地(di)貌情況：嶧城石(shi)榴園地(di)處魯中(zhong)(zhong)南(nan)丘陵(ling)邊緣地(di)帶，地(di)貌類型多樣，山區土(tu)(tu)壤為石(shi)灰質、巖母質發育的沙土(tu)(tu)和棕壤，呈(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)性到微堿性反應(ying)。山中(zhong)(zhong)下部土(tu)(tu)層(ceng)較(jiao)厚，孔隙度(du)好，水(shui)肥氣熱協調，經(jing)取土(tu)(tu)化驗，耕層(ceng)土(tu)(tu)壤養分含量為有機質1.46%，氮(dan)含量0.08%，速(su)(su)效(xiao)(xiao)磷12mg/kg，速(su)(su)效(xiao)(xiao)鉀105.3mg/kg，堿解氮(dan)88mg/kg，有利于石(shi)榴的生(sheng)長。

2、水(shui)文情況：石榴(liu)園處于(yu)大山深(shen)處，年均降水(shui)量895mm，石榴(liu)生長期間的(de)(de)降水(shui)占全年降水(shui)量的(de)(de)85%以上，非常有利(li)于(yu)石榴(liu)生長發育的(de)(de)需要，為降低生產(chan)成本提供了極其(qi)便利(li)的(de)(de)自然條(tiao)件。

3、氣(qi)候(hou)情(qing)況：石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)主產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)照(zhao)(zhao)充足，熱(re)(re)量(liang)(liang)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)豐富，氣(qi)候(hou)溫暖，雨(yu)熱(re)(re)同期，有(you)(you)(you)(you)利于生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)，光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)照(zhao)(zhao)條件良好，雨(yu)量(liang)(liang)集中(zhong)，四(si)季分明(ming)。光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)照(zhao)(zhao)：年(nian)(nian)(nian)日照(zhao)(zhao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)數2376.0小時(shi)(shi)(shi)，日照(zhao)(zhao)百(bai)分率49%，年(nian)(nian)(nian)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)輻(fu)射量(liang)(liang)117.5千(qian)卡/平方厘(li)米(mi)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)利于石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)合作(zuo)用。溫度：年(nian)(nian)(nian)平均氣(qi)溫13.9℃，≥10℃積溫，4629.5℃，7月均氣(qi)溫最(zui)低為(wei)-1.4℃，全(quan)(quan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)無霜期193天。有(you)(you)(you)(you)利于石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)發(fa)育。降水(shui)：年(nian)(nian)(nian)均降水(shui)量(liang)(liang)895mm，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)期間的(de)(de)(de)(de)降水(shui)占(zhan)全(quan)(quan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)降水(shui)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)85%以(yi)上(shang)，非常有(you)(you)(you)(you)利于石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)發(fa)育的(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)要，為(wei)降低生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)成本提供了(le)極(ji)其(qi)便利的(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)然條件。榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)鎮石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)條件優(you)越(yue)，農(nong)(nong)民具有(you)(you)(you)(you)成熟(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)栽培(pei)管(guan)理經驗。溝、渠、路、橋、閘、水(shui)、涵、電、林(lin)網配套齊全(quan)(quan)設(she)(she)施良好，灌溉用水(shui)無污(wu)染。 4、人(ren)文歷(li)(li)史情(qing)況：嶧(yi)(yi)城舊稱嶧(yi)(yi)縣，自(zi)西漢(han)(han)設(she)(she)縣以(yi)來(lai)，在(zai)歷(li)(li)代興替沿革中(zhong)一(yi)直是州縣治所，1962年(nian)(nian)(nian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)制為(wei)市(shi)轄區(qu)(qu)(qu)。嶧(yi)(yi)城歷(li)(li)史悠久，文化燦(can)爛，名人(ren)輩(bei)出(chu)，“一(yi)代鴻儒(ru)”蕭(xiao)望之，“散金濟貧(pin)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)疏廣、疏受(shou)，“鑿壁偷光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)漢(han)(han)相匡(kuang)衡，“克己恭儉”的(de)(de)(de)(de)王良及明(ming)代兵部右侍郎賈三近(jin)等(deng)皆出(chu)于嶧(yi)(yi)地。嶧(yi)(yi)城石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)著悠久的(de)(de)(de)(de)栽培(pei)歷(li)(li)史。據(ju)《博物志》記載，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)原產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)西域，西漢(han)(han)武帝年(nian)(nian)(nian)間，漢(han)(han)使張(zhang)騫從涂(tu)林(lin)安(an)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)國(guo)(guo)（現(xian)(xian)伊朗）引(yin)入中(zhong)原。丞相匡(kuang)衡從皇(huang)家(jia)上(shang)林(lin)苑引(yin)至家(jia)鄉（今(jin)山東省棗莊市(shi)嶧(yi)(yi)城區(qu)(qu)(qu)匡(kuang)談村）栽培(pei)，到現(xian)(xian)在(zai)已有(you)(you)(you)(you)2000多年(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)(li)史，1987年(nian)(nian)(nian)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)花(hua)被定為(wei)棗莊市(shi)市(shi)花(hua)，至今(jin)發(fa)展成十萬(wan)余(yu)(yu)(yu)畝的(de)(de)(de)(de)規模。近(jin)年(nian)(nian)(nian)來(lai)嶧(yi)(yi)城區(qu)(qu)(qu)委、區(qu)(qu)(qu)政府立(li)足石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)優(you)勢，著重在(zai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)標(biao)準(zhun)化生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)上(shang)下功夫，在(zai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)化上(shang)做(zuo)文章，有(you)(you)(you)(you)力提高了(le)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)科技含量(liang)(liang)和產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)附(fu)加(jia)(jia)值。以(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)標(biao)準(zhun)化生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)為(wei)重點，建(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)健全(quan)(quan)標(biao)準(zhun)化操作(zuo)規程(cheng)，加(jia)(jia)大(da)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)環(huan)節監(jian)管(guan)，2002年(nian)(nian)(nian)“榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”牌石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)被農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)部認(ren)定為(wei)無公害農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)，同年(nian)(nian)(nian)“榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)基(ji)地列入山東省標(biao)準(zhun)化基(ji)地；以(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)文化開(kai)發(fa)為(wei)重點，組(zu)(zu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)了(le)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)最(zui)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)，1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)嶧(yi)(yi)城石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)被開(kai)辟(pi)為(wei)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)友(you)好觀光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)“花(hua)之路”旅(lv)(lv)游線主要旅(lv)(lv)游區(qu)(qu)(qu)之一(yi)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)接待中(zhong)外(wai)游客15萬(wan)人(ren)，2007年(nian)(nian)(nian)被國(guo)(guo)家(jia)命名為(wei)AAAA級農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態旅(lv)(lv)游示范(fan)景(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)；以(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)開(kai)發(fa)為(wei)重點，全(quan)(quan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)深加(jia)(jia)工企業(ye)(ye)3處，年(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)飲料2000萬(wan)聽，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)茶500噸，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)紅酒300噸；組(zu)(zu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)銷協(xie)會1個(ge)，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)集散市(shi)場8處，創造營銷額近(jin)9000余(yu)(yu)(yu)萬(wan)元；以(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)盆藝開(kai)發(fa)為(wei)重點，全(quan)(quan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)相繼建(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)了(le)康居盆景(jing)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態示范(fan)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)盆景(jing)5萬(wan)盆，年(nian)(nian)(nian)創效益(yi)1500余(yu)(yu)(yu)萬(wan)元，成為(wei)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)獨一(yi)無二(er)的(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)盆景(jing)花(hua)卉市(shi)場；以(yi)庭院經濟開(kai)發(fa)為(wei)重點，扶持石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)庭院經濟開(kai)發(fa)村8個(ge)，發(fa)展特色經濟示范(fan)戶200余(yu)(yu)(yu)戶，年(nian)(nian)(nian)創社會效益(yi)800余(yu)(yu)(yu)萬(wan)元。在(zai)做(zuo)大(da)、做(zuo)強(qiang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)同時(shi)(shi)(shi)，嶧(yi)(yi)城區(qu)(qu)(qu)不斷加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)種質資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)保護，投資(zi)8600余(yu)(yu)(yu)萬(wan)元建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)了(le)省級農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)科技示范(fan)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，規劃石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)種質示范(fan)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)80畝。預計項(xiang)目建(jian)(jian)(jian)成后，可引(yin)進國(guo)(guo)內(nei)外(wai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種80余(yu)(yu)(yu)個(ge)，將成為(wei)擁有(you)(you)(you)(you)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種最(zui)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)。

三.地域范圍

嶧(yi)城石(shi)榴(liu)的(de)(de)地(di)域(yu)保(bao)護范圍為(wei)山東省棗莊市嶧(yi)城區(qu)境(jing)內。地(di)理(li)坐(zuo)標(biao)為(wei)東經117°22'－49'，北(bei)緯34°35'－51'，東西(xi)長41km，南北(bei)寬(kuan)30.9km，品種(zhong)(zhong)43個，代表品種(zhong)(zhong)有大(da)(da)青皮、大(da)(da)紅袍、大(da)(da)馬牙、謝(xie)花甜、冰糖(tang)籽等。嶧(yi)城石(shi)榴(liu)也(ye)因(yin)其面(mian)積大(da)(da)、品種(zhong)(zhong)多、產量(liang)高而成為(wei)全國主要的(de)(de)石(shi)榴(liu)生產基地(di)之一。1996年(nian)被(bei)國家(jia)(jia)農業部(bu)命名(ming)為(wei)“中國石(shi)榴(liu)之鄉”；依托石(shi)榴(liu)資源開發的(de)(de)“中華冠(guan)世(shi)(shi)榴(liu)園”于2001年(nian)被(bei)上海吉尼斯大(da)(da)世(shi)(shi)界總(zong)部(bu)命名(ming)為(wei)“吉尼斯大(da)(da)世(shi)(shi)界之最”；也(ye)是“國家(jia)(jia)級生態示(shi)范區(qu)”，2002年(nian)被(bei)山東省政(zheng)府命名(ming)為(wei)山東省無公害石(shi)榴(liu)生產基地(di)。

四.產品品質特(te)性特(te)征

1、外在感(gan)官特征：嶧(yi)城石榴(liu)果實呈圓球(qiu)形，成(cheng)熟后果皮亮麗(li)，質感(gan)厚重，單果重600-1000克(ke)，一(yi)般2年開(kai)花、3年結果，不僅可供(gong)鮮食，亦(yi)可加工成(cheng)高級清涼飲。

2、內在品質(zhi)(zhi)指標：嶧(yi)城石榴以(yi)(yi)其(qi)源遠(yuan)流(liu)長的(de)發展歷史，具有個大、汁多(duo)、味(wei)(wei)甜、質(zhi)(zhi)優、豐產、耐貯運等(deng)特點，獨具一格的(de)地方特色，享譽(yu)古今中(zhong)外，其(qi)果實(shi)味(wei)(wei)酸甜、性溫澀、富含(han)多(duo)種營(ying)養，經現代醫學測定(ding)（山東省農科(ke)院分析結果）石榴籽中(zhong)含(han)有較(jiao)多(duo)的(de)糖份(fen)，100g可(ke)食果含(han)可(ke)溶(rong)性果酸3.75g/100g；果糖15 g/100g；還原型VC19.27mg/100g;磷69.6m g/100g；鉀242.5mg/100g；鈣1.98m g/100g，等(deng)微量元素的(de)含(han)量比(bi)一般水果高(gao)，而脂肪、蛋白質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)含(han)量較(jiao)少(shao)，且有較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)營(ying)養保健和醫補價值。果實(shi)以(yi)(yi)鮮吃為主。

3、安全要求：石(shi)榴種(zhong)植基地(di)位于(yu)嶧城區駐地(di)西部，距城區5km，是山東(dong)省標準化(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)基地(di)（基地(di)環(huan)境已檢(jian)測，報告編號(hao)20022602）。所(suo)產(chan)石(shi)榴于(yu)2004年獲(huo)農業(ye)部無公害(hai)農產(chan)品認證（證書編號(hao):WGH-04-02214），2007年獲(huo)有機食品認證(證書編號(hao):COFCC-R-0510-0084)。

五(wu).特(te)定(ding)生產方式

1、產地(di)(di)選(xuan)擇(ze)與(yu)特(te)殊(shu)內容規定：嶧城石榴(liu)選(xuan)擇(ze)空氣清新、大氣未受污染、環境質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)符合國家大氣環境質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)標準(zhun)GB3905-82中所列的一級標準(zhun)。基地(di)(di)應選(xuan)離公路、鐵(tie)路主要(yao)交通干線及工(gong)礦區(qu)，避開工(gong)業及城市污染源影(ying)響，距離要(yao)大于5km。

2、品(pin)種選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇與特(te)定要(yao)求(qiu)：嶧城石(shi)榴品(pin)種和砧木的選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇應以區域(yu)化和良種化為基礎，遵照石(shi)榴區劃，結合當地自然(ran)條件，選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇優良品(pin)種，實行適(shi)地適(shi)栽。在我區適(shi)宜發展大紅袍(pao)、大青皮、大馬牙等石(shi)榴品(pin)種。石(shi)榴多用枝條扦插(cha)繁殖(zhi)，不需(xu)砧木。

3、生產過程管(guan)理(li)：

①栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)整地：按(an)行(xing)(xing)株距(ju)挖深(shen)寬0.8-1m的(de)(de)(de)(de)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)溝穴，溝穴底填厚30cm左(zuo)右的(de)(de)(de)(de)作物(wu)秸稈。挖出的(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)(biao)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)與足(zu)量腐熟土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)雜肥回填溝穴中。待填至低于(yu)地面20cm后灌水(shui)澆(jiao)透，使土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)沉實(shi)，然(ran)后覆上(shang)一層表(biao)(biao)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)保(bao)(bao)墑(di)。栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方式與密度(du)：平地、灘地和6度(du)以下的(de)(de)(de)(de)緩坡地為長方形栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)，6-15度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)坡地為等高(gao)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。授(shou)粉樹(shu)(shu)配(pei)(pei)置(zhi)：建(jian)園時(shi)可(ke)(ke)選用2-4個以上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)良(liang)品種(zhong)(zhong)，按(an)等量成行(xing)(xing)配(pei)(pei)置(zhi)，也可(ke)(ke)實(shi)行(xing)(xing)差(cha)量成行(xing)(xing)配(pei)(pei)置(zhi)（主(zhu)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)品種(zhong)(zhong)與授(shou)粉品種(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)比例4-4.5:1）。苗(miao)木(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)選擇與處理：選擇苗(miao)高(gao)80-100cm，具較大(da)側根(gen)3-5條，無大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)劈傷(shang)、撕傷(shang)。核實(shi)品種(zhong)(zhong)，剔除不(bu)合格苗(miao)木(mu)，修剪根(gen)系(xi)，用水(shui)浸根(gen)后，分級(ji)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)間：石榴苗(miao)木(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一般在春(chun)季進行(xing)(xing)，從土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)解凍到芽萌動，越(yue)晚越(yue)好。也可(ke)(ke)秋栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)，10月下旬(xun)到12月上(shang)旬(xun)，越(yue)早越(yue)好。雨季栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)要在陰天(tian)冒雨進行(xing)(xing)。栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)技術：在栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)溝內按(an)株距(ju)挖深(shen)寬30cm的(de)(de)(de)(de)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)穴將苗(miao)木(mu)放入穴中央，舒展根(gen)系(xi)，扶正苗(miao)木(mu)，縱橫成行(xing)(xing)，邊填土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)邊提苗(miao)、踏實(shi)。填土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)完畢(bi)在樹(shu)(shu)苗(miao)周圍做直徑1m的(de)(de)(de)(de)樹(shu)(shu)盤(pan)，立即灌水(shui)，澆(jiao)后覆蓋地膜保(bao)(bao)墑(di)。栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)深(shen)度(du)以苗(miao)木(mu)出圃時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)深(shen)度(du)為準春(chun)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)苗(miao)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后立即定干(gan)(gan)；秋栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)苗(miao)翌(yi)年春(chun)季萌芽前定干(gan)(gan)。定干(gan)(gan)后，采(cai)取適當措施(shi)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)剪口。

②土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)水(shui)管理(li)(li)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤管理(li)(li)深翻(fan)改(gai)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)：分為擴(kuo)穴(xue)深翻(fan)和(he)全(quan)園(yuan)深翻(fan)，每年秋(qiu)(qiu)季(ji)(ji)果(guo)實采(cai)收后(hou)結合(he)秋(qiu)(qiu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)進(jin)行。擴(kuo)穴(xue)深翻(fan)為在(zai)(zai)定植(zhi)穴(xue)外挖環(huan)(huan)狀溝(gou)(gou)，溝(gou)(gou)寬(kuan)80cm，深60cm左右。全(quan)園(yuan)深翻(fan)為將(jiang)栽植(zhi)穴(xue)外的土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤全(quan)部(bu)深翻(fan)，深度(du)30cm-40cm。土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤回填(tian)時混以(yi)(yi)(yi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)雜肥(fei)(fei)(fei)，表土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)放(fang)在(zai)(zai)底(di)層(ceng)，底(di)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)放(fang)在(zai)(zai)上層(ceng)，使根土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)密接。清耕(geng)制果(guo)園(yuan)生(sheng)長(chang)季(ji)(ji)降雨(yu)后(hou)，及時中耕(geng)松(song)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)，保(bao)持土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤疏(shu)松(song)無雜草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)。中耕(geng)深度(du)5cm-10cm，以(yi)(yi)(yi)利調溫保(bao)墑(di)。覆(fu)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)和(he)埋草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)：覆(fu)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)在(zai)(zai)春(chun)季(ji)(ji)進(jin)行。覆(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)材料可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)用麥秸、麥糠(kang)、玉米秸、干(gan)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)等。把(ba)覆(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)物(wu)覆(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)在(zai)(zai)樹(shu)(shu)冠(guan)下，厚度(du)10cm-15cm，上面壓少量(liang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、連(lian)覆(fu)3-4年后(hou)淺翻(fan)1次。也可(ke)結合(he)深翻(fan)開(kai)大溝(gou)(gou)埋草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)，提(ti)高土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤肥(fei)(fei)(fei)力(li)和(he)蓄水(shui)能力(li)。種(zhong)植(zhi)綠(lv)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)和(he)行間(jian)生(sheng)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao):行間(jian)提(ti)倡(chang)間(jian)作三葉(xie)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)、毛葉(xie)苕子、扁葉(xie)黃芪(qi)等綠(lv)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)作物(wu)，通過翻(fan)壓，覆(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)和(he)漚制等方(fang)法(fa)將(jiang)其轉變(bian)為石榴園(yuan)有機肥(fei)(fei)(fei)。有灌(guan)溉條件的石榴園(yuan)提(ti)倡(chang)行間(jian)生(sheng)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)制。施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)原(yuan)則(ze)：追施(shi)(shi)(shi)腐(fu)熟土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)雜肥(fei)(fei)(fei)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)保(bao)持或增加(jia)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤肥(fei)(fei)(fei)力(li)及土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤微生(sheng)物(wu)活性。所施(shi)(shi)(shi)用的肥(fei)(fei)(fei)料不(bu)應對果(guo)園(yuan)環(huan)(huan)境和(he)果(guo)實品質產生(sheng)不(bu)良影(ying)響(xiang)。施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)方(fang)法(fa)和(he)數量(liang)：秋(qiu)(qiu)季(ji)(ji)果(guo)實采(cai)收后(hou)到落葉(xie)前施(shi)(shi)(shi)入，施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)量(liang)按(an)生(sheng)產1kg石榴2kg優質農家肥(fei)(fei)(fei)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上計算。施(shi)(shi)(shi)用方(fang)法(fa)以(yi)(yi)(yi)溝(gou)(gou)施(shi)(shi)(shi)或撒(sa)施(shi)(shi)(shi)為主，施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)部(bu)位在(zai)(zai)樹(shu)(shu)冠(guan)投影(ying)范(fan)圍(wei)內。溝(gou)(gou)施(shi)(shi)(shi)為挖放(fang)射狀溝(gou)(gou)或樹(shu)(shu)冠(guan)外圍(wei)控環(huan)(huan)狀溝(gou)(gou)，溝(gou)(gou)深60cm-80cm；撒(sa)施(shi)(shi)(shi)為將(jiang)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)料均勻(yun)地撒(sa)于樹(shu)(shu)冠(guan)下，并(bing)翻(fan)深20cm。

③整(zheng)形(xing)修(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)適(shi)宜(yi)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)形(xing)：定(ding)植后即根(gen)(gen)據(ju)栽培(pei)(pei)密度(du)選定(ding)適(shi)宜(yi)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)形(xing)。800左右樹(shu)(shu)(shu)高3.0-3.5m，無主(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)，具(ju)有3個(ge)方(fang)位角120度(du)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，每個(ge)主(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與地面水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)夾角40-45度(du)，每個(ge)主(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)分(fen)別(bie)分(fen)配生(sheng)(sheng)3-4個(ge)側(ce)(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。修(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)幼樹(shu)(shu)(shu)期：根(gen)(gen)據(ju)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)冠結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構，選擇培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)好(hao)骨(gu)(gu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，擴大樹(shu)(shu)(shu)冠。除(chu)競爭枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和近地枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梢外，保留(liu)(liu)定(ding)干(gan)(gan)(gan)后發(fa)出的(de)(de)(de)所有枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)條。第2-3個(ge)冬(dong)季時蔬(shu)除(chu)整(zheng)形(xing)帶以(yi)(yi)(yi)下的(de)(de)(de)多余枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)條。對主(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)或側(ce)(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)采用(yong)(yong)回(hui)縮到旺(wang)長(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)二(er)次枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上的(de)(de)(de)促(cu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)方(fang)法，不在原頭短(duan)截(jie)。生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)季拉枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)開角。對輔(fu)養(yang)(yang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甩放、開角和疏(shu)除(chu)其上旺(wang)稍，控(kong)制生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)，環割(ge)促(cu)進座果(guo)(guo)(guo)。初果(guo)(guo)(guo)期：繼續培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)各主(zhu)(zhu)、側(ce)(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，逐步(bu)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)各類枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組(zu)(zu)。疏(shu)除(chu)無用(yong)(yong)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、徒長(chang)(chang)(chang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和纖細枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)中小枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組(zu)(zu)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組(zu)(zu)，長(chang)(chang)(chang)勢中庸(yong)、二(er)次枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)較(jiao)多的(de)(de)(de)營(ying)養(yang)(yang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)緩放，促(cu)進花結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)；細弱(ruo)(ruo)的(de)(de)(de)多年生(sheng)(sheng)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)輕度(du)短(duan)截(jie)，更(geng)新(xin)復(fu)(fu)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)輕剪(jian)(jian)(jian)、疏(shu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)，去(qu)強(qiang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，留(liu)(liu)中庸(yong)偏弱(ruo)(ruo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；去(qu)直立枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，留(liu)(liu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)斜(xie)生(sheng)(sheng)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；去(qu)病(bing)蟲枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，保健(jian)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；多疏(shu)少截(jie)或不截(jie)，變向、緩剪(jian)(jian)(jian)，樹(shu)(shu)(shu)冠中庸(yong)開張結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)好(hao)。加強(qiang)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)季節(jie)修(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)。盛果(guo)(guo)(guo)期：以(yi)(yi)(yi)疏(shu)除(chu)無用(yong)(yong)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、徒長(chang)(chang)(chang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和纖細枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、病(bing)蟲枯(ku)(ku)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)，培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)中小為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)健(jian)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組(zu)(zu)，調(diao)節(jie)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)量，合理負載。結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組(zu)(zu)及(ji)時更(geng)新(xin)復(fu)(fu)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)，掌握(wo)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)母枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)筷子粗細，結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)母枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之間要(yao)保持一定(ding)距離，防止交叉、重(zhong)疊。強(qiang)旺(wang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)、弱(ruo)(ruo)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)和中庸(yong)健(jian)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)分(fen)別(bie)采取(qu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)“控(kong)”、“促(cu)”和“保”為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)措施，使樹(shu)(shu)(shu)體穩定(ding)健(jian)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)。更(geng)新(xin)復(fu)(fu)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)：以(yi)(yi)(yi)縮剪(jian)(jian)(jian)更(geng)新(xin)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)，對衰弱(ruo)(ruo)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)側(ce)(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)重(zhong)回(hui)縮1/3-1/2，剪(jian)(jian)(jian)口保留(liu)(liu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組(zu)(zu)。新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)、側(ce)(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)長(chang)(chang)(chang)出后，根(gen)(gen)據(ju)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)形(xing)要(yao)求(qiu)整(zheng)形(xing)修(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)。如果(guo)(guo)(guo)骨(gu)(gu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)已干(gan)(gan)(gan)枯(ku)(ku)死亡，地面有健(jian)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)萌蘗枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時，也可將原骨(gu)(gu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)從(cong)基(ji)部(bu)鋸除(chu)，利用(yong)(yong)根(gen)(gen)際(ji)萌蘗整(zheng)形(xing)，培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)冠。對衰老樹(shu)(shu)(shu)采用(yong)(yong)“去(qu)舊枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、留(liu)(liu)新(xin)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、去(qu)弱(ruo)(ruo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、留(liu)(liu)強(qiang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，去(qu)遠枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、留(liu)(liu)近枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，去(qu)斜(xie)生(sheng)(sheng)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、留(liu)(liu)直立強(qiang)旺(wang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”的(de)(de)(de)復(fu)(fu)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)措施。

④疏花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)疏果(guo)(guo)(guo)授(shou)粉：采(cai)用人工授(shou)粉，蜜(mi)蜂或(huo)壁峰(feng)傳粉等方法提高座果(guo)(guo)(guo)率(lv)和果(guo)(guo)(guo)實整齊度。疏花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)疏果(guo)(guo)(guo)：疏花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)：石(shi)榴的(de)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)量大(da)，不完(wan)全(quan)(quan)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)占極大(da)比例，開(kai)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)對營養消耗甚多，及時疏去不完(wan)全(quan)(quan)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，在花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)蕾能分辨(bian)完(wan)全(quan)(quan)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)時進行，越(yue)早(zao)越(yue)好。第三茬的(de)完(wan)全(quan)(quan)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)在一、二茬坐(zuo)果(guo)(guo)(guo)已達(da)負(fu)荷(he)量時也疏掉(diao)。從可識別花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)時開(kai)始每(mei)10天疏1次(ci)(ci)(ci)。疏果(guo)(guo)(guo)：疏果(guo)(guo)(guo)采(cai)用多留(liu)頭花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)果(guo)(guo)(guo)，選留(liu)二次(ci)(ci)(ci)果(guo)(guo)(guo)，疏去三次(ci)(ci)(ci)果(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)方法，強樹、強枝(zhi)應(ying)多留(liu)，弱樹弱枝(zhi)少留(liu)。弱樹骨干(gan)(gan)枝(zhi)頭部不留(liu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)。上層多疏少留(liu)，內、下層少疏多留(liu)。花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)前環割和花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)果(guo)(guo)(guo)期(qi)摘除旺梢：花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)前（5月(yue)初(chu)）在旺樹主干(gan)(gan)或(huo)主枝(zhi)，大(da)輔養枝(zhi)上環割兩道，提高座果(guo)(guo)(guo)率(lv)。在花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)期(qi)和幼果(guo)(guo)(guo)期(qi)多次(ci)(ci)(ci)抹除背上旺梢，提高座果(guo)(guo)(guo)率(lv)和減輕落花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)落果(guo)(guo)(guo)。

⑤病(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)石榴樹(shu)為多年生(sheng)高大植物(wu)(wu)，病(bing)害(hai)較少(shao)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)。防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)原則：遵照(zhao)植保方(fang)針，預防(fang)為主，綜合防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)。防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)措施以農業(ye)和物(wu)(wu)理(li)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)為主，生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)為核心，按照(zhao)病(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)的發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)規律(lv)和經濟閾(yu)值，有效控制病(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)危害(hai)。農業(ye)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)：采(cai)(cai)取剪除(chu)病(bing)蟲(chong)枝(zhi)、消(xiao)除(chu)枯枝(zhi)落葉、刮(gua)除(chu)樹(shu)干(gan)(gan)翹裂(lie)皮、翻(fan)樹(shu)盤、科學(xue)(xue)施肥等措施抑制病(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)。將剪除(chu)的病(bing)蟲(chong)枝(zhi)和消(xiao)除(chu)的枯枝(zhi)落葉、刮(gua)除(chu)的樹(shu)干(gan)(gan)翹裂(lie)皮運出果園并焚燒(shao)(shao)，燒(shao)(shao)凈、燒(shao)(shao)透。物(wu)(wu)理(li)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)：根據害(hai)蟲(chong)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)學(xue)(xue)特(te)性(xing)，采(cai)(cai)取糖(tang)醋液(ye)、樹(shu)干(gan)(gan)纏草(cao)繩和黑光燈等方(fang)法(fa)誘(you)殺(sha)害(hai)蟲(chong)。生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)：人工釋放赤(chi)眼蜂，助遷和保護瓢蟲(chong)、草(cao)蛉、捕食螨等天敵(di)，利用(yong)昆蟲(chong)性(xing)外激(ji)素誘(you)殺(sha)或干(gan)(gan)擾成蟲(chong)交配(pei)。

4、產(chan)品收獲：根據果實成(cheng)熟度、用途和市場需求綜合(he)確(que)定采(cai)收適期(qi)。成(cheng)熟期(qi)不一致的品種，應分期(qi)采(cai)收。

5、生產(chan)記錄要求：嶧城石榴的生產(chan)環節要規范操作，要求嚴格記錄，并建檔保(bao)存。

六.包裝標識相關規定

1、分級：對交售的(de)(de)產品進行挑(tiao)選，清除(chu)(chu)觀感較差的(de)(de)果子，去除(chu)(chu)果蒂。

2、包(bao)裝(zhuang)：包(bao)裝(zhuang)物為(wei)專用(yong)紙箱。裝(zhuang)箱前認真填(tian)寫品名、規格、凈重、產地、檢驗員、日期、收(shou)貨人、批號(hao)。用(yong)膠袋封口機封箱。

3、標識：原料收獲專用包裝(zhuang)(zhuang)標簽填寫(xie)：品名、規(gui)格、數(shu)量(liang)、產地、檢(jian)驗員(yuan)、日期(qi)、收貨人、批(pi)號(hao)。裝(zhuang)(zhuang)箱時填寫(xie)生(sheng)產記錄，認真記錄:品名、生(sheng)產日期(qi)、數(shu)量(liang)、生(sheng)產負責人、檢(jian)驗員(yuan)、原料批(pi)號(hao)等(deng)。

4、貯藏：分級包裝號的產品(pin)應存放(fang)在指定的倉(cang)庫(ku)或(huo)恒(heng)溫庫(ku)(5℃)，以(yi)防損壞，并加以(yi)標識。貯存區域(yu)要清潔，環境適(shi)宜，物品(pin)擺(bai)放(fang)整齊有序，定期檢查(cha)庫(ku)存情況，貫徹先進先出的原則。