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松(song)陽(yang)茶(cha)葉在中(zhong)國(guo)古代(dai)(dai)茶(cha)林中(zhong)獨樹(shu)一幟。早在三國(guo)時期(qi)(qi)，松(song)陽(yang)就開始出產茶(cha)葉，到了唐代(dai)(dai)已(yi)很興盛。唐朝大詩人戴叔(shu)倫任東陽(yang)縣令期(qi)(qi)間，曾(ceng)訪松(song)陽(yang)橫山寺，老僧人奉(feng)上(shang)一碗當(dang)地產的橫山茶(cha)。

歷史

戴叔倫(lun)沉醉于(yu)(yu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)香，不(bu)(bu)(bu)覺日落西(xi)(xi)山(shan)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)勝感慨，乃賦詩(shi)《橫山(shan)》：“偶入橫山(shan)寺，溪深路更(geng)幽。露涵(han)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)翠滴，風涌浪(lang)花浮。老衲供茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)碗，斜陽(yang)送(song)客舟。自緣歸思促，不(bu)(bu)(bu)得更(geng)遲留。”至宋代(dai)，松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)飲(yin)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)之(zhi)風日甚(shen)，茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)道(dao)盛(sheng)行(xing)，僧(seng)侶、文人(ren)(ren)樂(le)于(yu)(yu)“斗茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)”(即(ji)表演(yan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)道(dao))而不(bu)(bu)(bu)疲。松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)人(ren)(ren)祖(zu)謙禪師曾(ceng)居西(xi)(xi)屏(ping)(ping)山(shan)白(bai)鶴(he)殿(dian)修行(xing)，他是(shi)當(dang)時有(you)(you)(you)名的(de)“斗茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)”高手，其與大(da)詩(shi)人(ren)(ren)蘇(su)軾友善。一日，與蘇(su)東坡(po)相會(hui)敘話，并為蘇(su)東坡(po)“斗茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)”。東坡(po)先生(sheng)(sheng)欽佩祖(zu)謙茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)道(dao)精深，乃贈詩(shi)《西(xi)(xi)屏(ping)(ping)山(shan)》：“道(dao)人(ren)(ren)曉出西(xi)(xi)屏(ping)(ping)山(shan)，來施點茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)三昧手。忽(hu)驚(jing)午(wu)盞(zhan)兔毫斑(ban)，打作春甕鵝兒酒。天臺乳花世不(bu)(bu)(bu)見，玉川鳳液今(jin)何有(you)(you)(you)？東坡(po)有(you)(you)(you)意(yi)續茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)經，要(yao)(yao)使祖(zu)謙名不(bu)(bu)(bu)朽。”據說，后人(ren)(ren)在(zai)整理西(xi)(xi)屏(ping)(ping)山(shan)白(bai)鶴(he)殿(dian)地(di)基時，發現(xian)一石碑上(shang)刻有(you)(you)(you)蘇(su)軾的(de)這首詩(shi)。邑人(ren)(ren)明代(dai)貢(gong)生(sheng)(sheng)詹(zhan)嘉卿(qing)在(zai)《萬壽山(shan)》一詩(shi)中云：“空廚竹畔無(wu)煙火，細(xi)和茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)聲(sheng)有(you)(you)(you)竹雞。”描寫了(le)煮(zhu)(zhu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)聲(sheng)和雞鳴聲(sheng)相和的(de)悠閑田園生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)，可見當(dang)時飲(yin)用茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)在(zai)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)尋常百(bai)(bai)姓(xing)家(jia)已是(shi)普(pu)遍(bian)現(xian)象。清(qing)(qing)代(dai)鄉賢(xian)周(zhou)圣教在(zai)《西(xi)(xi)屏(ping)(ping)山(shan)懷古》詩(shi)中寫到(dao)(dao)：“汲水煮(zhu)(zhu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)氣味清(qing)(qing)，一飲(yin)人(ren)(ren)疑有(you)(you)(you)仙骨”。品(pin)飲(yin)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)，能(neng)令人(ren)(ren)神清(qing)(qing)氣爽，足(zu)見松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)極佳品(pin)質。松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)文化(hua)(hua)源遠流長，用茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)民(min)俗別具一格，歷(li)代(dai)相沿成(cheng)(cheng)習(xi)，形成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)獨特的(de)地(di)域文化(hua)(hua)。茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)了(le)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)人(ren)(ren)民(min)1800多(duo)年的(de)社會(hui)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)，也影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)了(le)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)1800多(duo)年的(de)傳統文化(hua)(hua)。時至今(jin)日，茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)與人(ren)(ren)們(men)的(de)關系更(geng)為緊密，人(ren)(ren)們(men)的(de)日常生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)離不(bu)(bu)(bu)開(kai)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)。松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)對(dui)當(dang)地(di)老百(bai)(bai)姓(xing)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)、生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)的(de)影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)尤(you)為深刻。到(dao)(dao)2010年，全縣已有(you)(you)(you)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)面積11.02萬畝(mu)，逾(yu)8萬多(duo)農(nong)(nong)民(min)從事茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)產(chan)業，產(chan)值近2億元，發展茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)業已成(cheng)(cheng)為松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)農(nong)(nong)民(min)增收的(de)主要(yao)(yao)渠道(dao)。松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)之(zhi)所以在(zai)今(jin)日能(neng)廣(guang)為人(ren)(ren)知，行(xing)銷(xiao)全國，不(bu)(bu)(bu)僅源于(yu)(yu)現(xian)實社會(hui)對(dui)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)的(de)大(da)量(liang)需求，更(geng)源于(yu)(yu)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)傳統茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)文化(hua)(hua)的(de)厚積薄發。

傳說

相傳，唐景龍(long)年(nian)間，浙西一(yi)帶(dai)遭受瘟疫(yi)之災(zai)，松(song)(song)(song)陽百姓(xing)(xing)染(ran)疫(yi)者(zhe)甚多(duo)(duo)，許多(duo)(duo)百姓(xing)(xing)家庭因此(ci)人(ren)(ren)亡家破(po)。眾多(duo)(duo)患(huan)者(zhe)求治于民間郎中，郎中們無(wu)術可施。松(song)(song)(song)陽百姓(xing)(xing)人(ren)(ren)心(xin)惶惶，只見患(huan)者(zhe)日(ri)漸增(zeng)多(duo)(duo)，疫(yi)情日(ri)益(yi)嚴(yan)重。在武當山(shan)游訪的(de)(de)葉(xie)(xie)法(fa)(fa)善(shan)聞知故土松(song)(song)(song)陽遭受瘟疫(yi)，立即趕回松(song)(song)(song)陽卯(mao)(mao)(mao)山(shan)，召集眾多(duo)(duo)道士采制(zhi)卯(mao)(mao)(mao)山(shan)仙(xian)茶，煮卯(mao)(mao)(mao)山(shan)仙(xian)泉泡茶，并開觀施茶七七四十九(jiu)天(tian)。當地(di)百姓(xing)(xing)聞迅紛(fen)紛(fen)前往討(tao)取卯(mao)(mao)(mao)山(shan)仙(xian)茶水，許多(duo)(duo)患(huan)者(zhe)飲用(yong)數次后，漸有(you)好轉終至痊(quan)愈。一(yi)度肆虐蔓延的(de)(de)瘟疫(yi)終被降服。葉(xie)(xie)法(fa)(fa)善(shan)因此(ci)被松(song)(song)(song)陽百姓(xing)(xing)奉(feng)為濟(ji)世救俗(su)的(de)(de)“葉(xie)(xie)天(tian)師”，后來各地(di)紛(fen)紛(fen)建立“天(tian)師殿(dian)”，供人(ren)(ren)們敬奉(feng)。截至2010年(nian)松(song)(song)(song)陽縣境(jing)內仍有(you)多(duo)(duo)處“天(tian)師殿(dian)”及其遺(yi)跡，在當地(di)依然流傳著葉(xie)(xie)天(tian)師施茶消災(zai)的(de)(de)傳說。這(zhe)些“天(tian)師殿(dian)”弘揚(yang)了葉(xie)(xie)法(fa)(fa)善(shan)助人(ren)(ren)救世的(de)(de)松(song)(song)(song)陽茶道精(jing)神。

發展

據(ju)當今(jin)《松(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)縣志》記載(zai)，1929年(nian)(nian)松(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉在(zai)西湖國際博覽會上獲一等獎(jiang)，從此，松(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉在(zai)國際上名(ming)(ming)聲遠揚。抗日(ri)戰(zhan)爭時(shi)期，為(wei)避戰(zhan)亂，浙江省農業改進(jin)所曾遷松(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，并在(zai)松(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)建立過橫山試(shi)驗茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)場和(he)橫山制(zhi)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)廠(chang)，以(yi)作改良(liang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種、提高茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質之示范，提高松(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)農的(de)(de)栽培、采摘、制(zhi)作等技術水平，推(tui)動松(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質的(de)(de)改良(liang)。20世紀60年(nian)(nian)代，赤壽公社紅連(lian)大(da)隊開墾(ken)出(chu)百余(yu)畝(mu)“紅連(lian)示范茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)”，在(zai)其(qi)帶動下(xia)，幾(ji)年(nian)(nian)間全縣規(gui)范茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)面(mian)積達到近萬畝(mu)。在(zai)松(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)傳(chuan)統制(zhi)作工(gong)藝(yi)的(de)(de)基(ji)礎(chu)上，松(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)縣農業局于20世紀80年(nian)(nian)代初(chu)組(zu)織研制(zhi)生產(chan)(chan)出(chu)了(le)“松(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)銀猴(hou)”新品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)。從2002年(nian)(nian)以(yi)來，“松(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)銀猴(hou)”的(de)(de)知名(ming)(ming)度(du)、美譽度(du)不斷(duan)提高，2003年(nian)(nian)被評為(wei)省名(ming)(ming)牌產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)，2004年(nian)(nian)被評為(wei)浙江十(shi)大(da)名(ming)(ming)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)。松(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)人對松(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)不斷(duan)研究開發，傳(chuan)承了(le)傳(chuan)統松(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)制(zhi)作工(gong)藝(yi)，弘揚了(le)松(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)道精神(shen)，促進(jin)了(le)松(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)產(chan)(chan)業的(de)(de)不斷(duan)發展壯(zhuang)大(da)。