芒果视频下载

一.產品介紹

猴(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)是一(yi)種珍貴的食(shi)用(yong)菌，明(ming)、清(qing)時皆以(yi)“山(shan)(shan)(shan)珍”被列(lie)為(wei)貢品(pin)。1979年(nian)(nian)，常(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)縣(xian)利用(yong)金(jin)(jin)剛刺釀酒殘渣(zha)培育出猴(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)，而后經紫外(wai)線誘變選(xuan)育出“常(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)猴(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)99號”菌株，至(zhi)此常(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)猴(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)正式面世。1984年(nian)(nian)，常(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)猴(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)在(zai)北(bei)京人民大會(hui)堂舉行品(pin)嘗會(hui)，全國人大常(chang)(chang)委會(hui)副委員(yuan)長(chang)嚴(yan)濟慈(ci)(ci)，全國政(zheng)協副主席費孝通等大批領(ling)導及知名(ming)人士參加，會(hui)上嚴(yan)濟慈(ci)(ci)題詞：“常(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)猴(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)、浙江一(yi)寶(bao)”。1985年(nian)(nian)，清(qing)宣(xuan)統帝(di)溥儀(yi)之弟溥杰為(wei)常(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)猴(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)題字：“山(shan)(shan)(shan)珍猴(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)、海味(wei)燕窩”。 2006年(nian)(nian)，常(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)猴(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)被浙江省農(nong)業廳評定為(wei)“浙江名(ming)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)”。2014年(nian)(nian)，常(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)縣(xian)政(zheng)府將常(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)猴(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)提升到“常(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)三寶(bao)”高(gao)度，進一(yi)步(bu)打造金(jin)(jin)名(ming)片。1987年(nian)(nian)，常(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)縣(xian)微生物總廠生產(chan)的“常(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)江牌(pai)(pai)”猴(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)罐(guan)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)、猴(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)干品(pin)榮獲“商(shang)業部優(you)質產(chan)品(pin)”；2006年(nian)(nian)，常(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)猴(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)被評為(wei)“浙江名(ming)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)”；2015年(nian)(nian)，常(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)猴(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)獲得(de)國家農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)地理標志登(deng)記，“森力(li)牌(pai)(pai)”猴(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)榮獲第十三屆中國國際(ji)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)交易(yi)會(hui)金(jin)(jin)獎。

二.自然生態(tai)環境和人文(wen)歷史因(yin)素

1、地(di)(di)形地(di)(di)貌：常(chang)山(shan)(shan)縣位于(yu)(yu)浙(zhe)江(jiang)西部，錢塘江(jiang)上游，自古有(you)“四(si)省(sheng)通衢，兩(liang)浙(zhe)首站”之(zhi)(zhi)稱(cheng)。常(chang)山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)貌屬低(di)山(shan)(shan)丘陵型，地(di)(di)勢南北高，中(zhong)間(jian)低(di)，由西北向東南傾(qing)斜，境(jing)域(yu)面(mian)積(ji)1099.07平(ping)(ping)方公(gong)里(li)。境(jing)內多(duo)山(shan)(shan)，中(zhong)部為(wei)山(shan)(shan)間(jian)盆地(di)(di)，最(zui)高海拔1395米，最(zui)低(di)海拔72米，山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)面(mian)積(ji)占(zhan)全(quan)縣總面(mian)積(ji)的(de)74.57%，素有(you)“八山(shan)(shan)半水(shui)分半田”之(zhi)(zhi)說(shuo)。 2、生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)：常(chang)山(shan)(shan)縣位于(yu)(yu)中(zhong)亞熱(re)(re)帶(dai)北緣地(di)(di)帶(dai)，生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)優越，是國家級生(sheng)態(tai)示(shi)范區和(he)浙(zhe)江(jiang)省(sheng)重要的(de)生(sheng)態(tai)屏障(zhang)，全(quan)縣森林面(mian)積(ji)120.64萬畝，森林覆蓋率達73.2%，出境(jing)水(shui)質達到三類(lei)水(shui)標準，常(chang)年空氣(qi)質量保(bao)持在二級以上，享有(you)“綠色常(chang)山(shan)(shan)、天(tian)然氧吧(ba)”的(de)美(mei)譽。 3、氣(qi)候特征(zheng)：常(chang)山(shan)(shan)縣屬亞熱(re)(re)帶(dai)季風氣(qi)候，四(si)季分明，氣(qi)溫適中(zhong)，熱(re)(re)資源較豐富；雨量充沛(pei)，雨熱(re)(re)同季，空氣(qi)濕潤。年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)溫17.4℃，極(ji)端最(zui)低(di)氣(qi)溫-7.8℃，極(ji)端最(zui)高氣(qi)溫41.8℃；年降水(shui)量在1500～1900毫米左(zuo)右，年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)濕度在73%～78%之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)，年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)無霜(shuang)期238天(tian)。

三.地域范圍

常山猴(hou)頭(tou)菇(gu)地理(li)標(biao)志地域保護范圍(wei)為：地理(li)坐標(biao)為東經118°15′～118°45′，北(bei)緯28°46′～29°13′之間。包括(kuo)球(qiu)川鎮(zhen)(zhen)、白石鎮(zhen)(zhen)、青(qing)石鎮(zhen)(zhen)、招賢鎮(zhen)(zhen)、芳村鎮(zhen)(zhen)、輝埠鎮(zhen)(zhen)、何家鄉(xiang)(xiang)、同弓鄉(xiang)(xiang)、新昌(chang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、大橋頭(tou)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、東案鄉(xiang)(xiang)、金川街(jie)(jie)道、紫(zi)港街(jie)(jie)道、天馬(ma)街(jie)(jie)道等14個鄉(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)（街(jie)(jie)道）180個行政村。現有生產規(gui)模100公(gong)頃，栽培量750萬袋，年產鮮菇(gu)4500噸。保護規(gui)模面積(ji)20000公(gong)頃。

四.產品品質特性特征

1、形態特征 常山猴(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)菇(gu)的鮮菇(gu)色(se)澤潔白(bai)或淡黃(huang)色(se)，外形頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)狀、球形至扁半球形，無柄，直徑3～15cm，肉質(zhi)細嫩(nen)，表(biao)面密布針形菌刺，菌刺長0.2～1.5cm。鮮品(pin)(pin)(pin)有猴(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)菇(gu)特有清香，口(kou)感嫩(nen)滑，成熟后(hou)味微(wei)苦；干品(pin)(pin)(pin)呈淡黃(huang)色(se)至黃(huang)褐色(se)，香味濃郁，味微(wei)苦。 2、品(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)特色(se) 常山猴(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)菇(gu)營養豐(feng)富，富含(han)蛋(dan)(dan)白(bai)質(zhi)、氨基酸(suan)、維生(sheng)(sheng)素以及鉀、鈣、鐵(tie)、鋅等(deng)微(wei)量(liang)元(yuan)素，并含(han)有猴(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)菇(gu)多(duo)糖等(deng)活性成份。每100g干品(pin)(pin)(pin)含(han)蛋(dan)(dan)白(bai)質(zhi)≥12.0克，脂(zhi)肪≥3.0克，粗(cu)多(duo)糖≥3.0克。 3、質(zhi)量(liang)安全規定 常山猴(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)菇(gu)生(sheng)(sheng)產通(tong)過嚴(yan)格(ge)控制生(sheng)(sheng)產過程，嚴(yan)禁在生(sheng)(sheng)產、加工(gong)過程中添加或使用有害(hai)有毒投入(ru)品(pin)(pin)(pin)，產品(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)安全采取嚴(yan)格(ge)對猴(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)菇(gu)產品(pin)(pin)(pin)蛋(dan)(dan)白(bai)質(zhi)、粗(cu)多(duo)糖等(deng)理化指(zhi)標(biao)以及衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)指(zhi)標(biao)檢測、監控，衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)指(zhi)標(biao)按(an)照GB 7096《食用菌衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)標(biao)準(zhun)》執行(xing)。

五.特定生產方式

（一(yi)(yi)）產(chan)(chan)地(di)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu): 常山猴(hou)頭菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)場地(di)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)生(sheng)(sheng)態環境良(liang)好(hao)、三(san)(san)(san)級(ji)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)飲用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)質(zhi)，周(zhou)(zhou)圍(wei)300米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)無(wu)各種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)污水(shui)及(ji)其它污染(ran)源(yuan)。生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)區域(yu)環境應符合(he)NY 5010《無(wu)公害(hai)(hai)食(shi)品(pin) 蔬菜產(chan)(chan)地(di)環境條件》的要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)。 （二）栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)：宜選用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong) “常山猴(hou)頭99號(hao)”等(deng)優良(liang)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。 （三(san)(san)(san)）生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)技術： 1、栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)季節。9月下(xia)(xia)旬(xun)至(zhi)10月中(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)袋(dai)，當年10月下(xia)(xia)旬(xun)至(zhi)翌年4月出(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)。 2、栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)基(ji)質(zhi)。栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)基(ji)質(zhi)應符合(he)NY 5099《無(wu)公害(hai)(hai)食(shi)品(pin) 食(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)基(ji)質(zhi)安全技術要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)》規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)。基(ji)質(zhi)配方：﹙1﹚棉籽殼70%、雜木(mu)(mu)屑15%、麩皮(pi)14%、石膏(gao)或(huo)輕質(zhi)碳(tan)(tan)酸(suan)鈣(gai)1%。﹙2﹚甘蔗渣或(huo)玉米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)芯65%、雜木(mu)(mu)屑15%、麩皮(pi)14%、玉米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)粉5%、石膏(gao)或(huo)輕質(zhi)碳(tan)(tan)酸(suan)鈣(gai)1%。 3、制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)袋(dai) （1）拌(ban)料(liao)(liao)。根(gen)據(ju)配方將培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)料(liao)(liao)混合(he)，邊(bian)攪拌(ban)邊(bian)加(jia)(jia)適(shi)量(liang)(liang)水(shui)，使(shi)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)料(liao)(liao)含(han)水(shui)量(liang)(liang)為61%～63%（用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)手(shou)緊(jin)握料(liao)(liao)，指(zhi)縫間(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)水(shui)珠但(dan)不下(xia)(xia)滴(di)），pH值為6.0～7.0。 （2）裝(zhuang)袋(dai)。選用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)格為12.5厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)×55厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)×0.0045厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)聚乙(yi)烯塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)袋(dai)。采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)裝(zhuang)袋(dai)機(ji)將栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)基(ji)質(zhi)裝(zhuang)入塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)袋(dai)，松緊(jin)以(yi)(yi)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)料(liao)(liao)緊(jin)貼(tie)袋(dai)壁為度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)。裝(zhuang)袋(dai)后(hou)(hou)料(liao)(liao)濕(shi)重1400～1500克(ke)（折干(gan)料(liao)(liao)650～750克(ke)），料(liao)(liao)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)長(chang)42～44厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)；袋(dai)外(wai)壁培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)料(liao)(liao)應擦凈，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)繩或(huo)鋁(lv)卡扎口(kou)。裝(zhuang)料(liao)(liao)應在(zai)(zai)(zai)4小時(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)完成(cheng)。 4、滅菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)和接(jie)(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong) （1）滅菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。裝(zhuang)料(liao)(liao)后(hou)(hou)應立即滅菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。每灶(zao)裝(zhuang)6000～7000袋(dai)，6小時(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)內(nei)升(sheng)溫(wen)至(zhi)100℃，保(bao)持(chi)16～18小時(shi)(shi)(shi)。停(ting)火后(hou)(hou)，當灶(zao)內(nei)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)自(zi)然(ran)降至(zhi)80℃出(chu)灶(zao)，把(ba)料(liao)(liao)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)搬到已清(qing)洗干(gan)凈并(bing)經(jing)消毒的冷(leng)卻室內(nei)，“#”形(xing)堆(dui)疊冷(leng)卻。 （2）接(jie)(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。料(liao)(liao)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)冷(leng)卻到28℃以(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)接(jie)(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)室、接(jie)(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)箱按無(wu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)操(cao)作規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)程接(jie)(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。接(jie)(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)同一(yi)(yi)側面(mian)均勻(yun)接(jie)(jie)三(san)(san)(san)個穴(xue)點，穴(xue)直(zhi)徑1.5厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，深(shen)2厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)左(zuo)右，塊(kuai)狀菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)填滿(man)接(jie)(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)穴(xue)，每袋(dai)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)宜接(jie)(jie)12～14棒(bang)(bang)(bang)，接(jie)(jie)后(hou)(hou)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)外(wai)套薄(bo)(bo)袋(dai)。 5、培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang) （1）培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)室要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)。培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)室應清(qing)潔、干(gan)燥、遮光(guang)、通(tong)風(feng)，保(bao)溫(wen)性好(hao)。 （2）培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)方法(fa)(fa)。采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)架(jia)(jia)式發菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，將菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)逐層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)橫(heng)放(fang)(fang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)架(jia)(jia)上(shang)；采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)“#”形(xing)疊放(fang)(fang)發菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，將菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)從(cong)地(di)面(mian)起(qi)逐層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)交錯堆(dui)放(fang)(fang)，高(gao)8～10層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)。 （3）培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)管(guan)(guan)理(li)。培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)室溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)宜控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)23～25℃，空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)相對濕(shi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)65%～70%。整個發菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)期(qi)應避光(guang)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)，每天(tian)通(tong)風(feng)2次(ci)(ci)，每次(ci)(ci)10分(fen)(fen)鐘。接(jie)(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)后(hou)(hou)約(yue)10天(tian)，菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)落直(zhi)徑5厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)左(zuo)右時(shi)(shi)(shi)，脫去(qu)外(wai)袋(dai)，增加(jia)(jia)穴(xue)口(kou)供氧量(liang)(liang)，同時(shi)(shi)(shi)，疏棒(bang)(bang)(bang)散(san)熱、降低堆(dui)高(gao)，或(huo)將菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)疏散(san)到架(jia)(jia)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)上(shang)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)23～25℃的環境下(xia)(xia)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)25～30天(tian)，菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)絲長(chang)滿(man)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)，即可(ke)(ke)轉入出(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)。 6、出(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu) （1）菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)房（棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)）要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)。菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)房（棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)）應清(qing)潔、通(tong)風(feng)、有(you)(you)適(shi)量(liang)(liang)散(san)射光(guang)，并(bing)能控(kong)溫(wen)、保(bao)濕(shi)。宜采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)遮陽(yang)(yang)平棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)內(nei)搭建中(zhong)(zhong)型塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)拱棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)的雙棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)設(she)施栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)，外(wai)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)遮陽(yang)(yang)平棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)高(gao)2.5～3米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，以(yi)(yi)立柱(zhu)支(zhi)撐(cheng)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)頂(ding)，立柱(zhu)行距(ju)4.6米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，柱(zhu)距(ju)2～3米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)頂(ding)鋪遮陽(yang)(yang)網(wang)(wang)(wang)，棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)四周(zhou)(zhou)圍(wei)遮陽(yang)(yang)網(wang)(wang)(wang)或(huo)草(cao)簾。2～6架(jia)(jia)內(nei)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)共用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)一(yi)(yi)架(jia)(jia)外(wai)蔭(yin)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)，較(jiao)(jiao)利(li)于(yu)(yu)(yu)通(tong)風(feng)換氣(qi)(qi)(qi)。 （2）層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)架(jia)(jia)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)。一(yi)(yi)個棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)設(she)兩排層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)架(jia)(jia)，層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)架(jia)(jia)寬(kuan)1米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，兩排層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)架(jia)(jia)設(she)邊(bian)道兩條各寬(kuan)0.7米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)、中(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)(jian)寬(kuan)1.2米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的操(cao)作道，層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)間(jian)(jian)距(ju)28～30厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，共5～6層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)，底層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)距(ju)地(di)面(mian)25厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，頂(ding)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)離(li)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)頂(ding)60厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。每層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)沿菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)縱向固定(ding)4根(gen)竹木(mu)(mu)或(huo)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)等(deng)架(jia)(jia)材，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)擺放(fang)(fang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)。架(jia)(jia)柱(zhu)頂(ding)上(shang)綁扎竹片、木(mu)(mu)料(liao)(liao)，呈(cheng)拱形(xing)或(huo)脊形(xing)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)覆(fu)蓋薄(bo)(bo)膜(mo)。棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)膜(mo)幅(fu)寬(kuan)7.5～8米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)長(chang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)以(yi)(yi)20～30米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)為宜。可(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)毛(mao)竹、木(mu)(mu)料(liao)(liao)等(deng)作架(jia)(jia)柱(zhu)，也(ye)可(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)焊制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)或(huo)鋼(gang)筋混凝土預制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。 （3）出(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)。適(shi)宜溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)16～20℃。 （4）出(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)。將菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)單層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)、臥(wo)排于(yu)(yu)(yu)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)架(jia)(jia)上(shang)，挖除(chu)表層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)老種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)塊(kuai)，接(jie)(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)穴(xue)口(kou)朝下(xia)(xia)。采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)面(mian)灑水(shui)，微噴(pen)加(jia)(jia)濕(shi)，保(bao)持(chi)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)房（棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)）空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)濕(shi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)90%；保(bao)證有(you)(you)散(san)射光(guang)，一(yi)(yi)般要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)200～400勒(le)克(ke)斯光(guang)照度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，誘導原(yuan)基(ji)形(xing)成(cheng)。經(jing)4～5天(tian)，幼蕾即從(cong)接(jie)(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)穴(xue)口(kou)長(chang)出(chu)。保(bao)持(chi)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)房（棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)）空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)新鮮，無(wu)悶(men)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)感，門窗掛遮陽(yang)(yang)網(wang)(wang)(wang)、草(cao)簾，防止子(zi)(zi)實體被(bei)風(feng)直(zhi)吹。溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)高(gao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)24℃時(shi)(shi)(shi)，要(yao)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)掀開四周(zhou)(zhou)塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)薄(bo)(bo)膜(mo)，增加(jia)(jia)對菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)及(ji)四周(zhou)(zhou)的噴(pen)水(shui)次(ci)(ci)數和噴(pen)水(shui)量(liang)(liang)；溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)低于(yu)(yu)(yu)10℃時(shi)(shi)(shi)，應加(jia)(jia)強保(bao)溫(wen)，適(shi)當密閉塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)薄(bo)(bo)膜(mo)，中(zhong)(zhong)午溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)掀開通(tong)風(feng)。子(zi)(zi)實體生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)階段(duan)，保(bao)持(chi)空(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)濕(shi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)85%～90%。菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)蕾形(xing)成(cheng)后(hou)(hou)，約(yue)經(jing)10天(tian)子(zi)(zi)實體發育成(cheng)熟即可(ke)(ke)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)。 7、采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou) （1）采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)。當菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)刺(ci)在(zai)(zai)(zai)0.2～1.5厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，未彈射孢子(zi)(zi)前及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)。 （2）采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)方法(fa)(fa)。采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)手(shou)抓住菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)體輕輕扭轉拔下(xia)(xia)，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)大留(liu)小，除(chu)去(qu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)體基(ji)部雜質(zhi)后(hou)(hou)，按規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)格分(fen)(fen)級(ji)。 8、采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)后(hou)(hou)管(guan)(guan)理(li)。前一(yi)(yi)潮(chao)(chao)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)后(hou)(hou)，要(yao)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)清(qing)理(li)出(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)口(kou)殘(can)留(liu)物(wu)，停(ting)止噴(pen)水(shui)2～3天(tian)，并(bing)揭膜(mo)通(tong)風(feng)12小時(shi)(shi)(shi)，使(shi)出(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)點及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)風(feng)干(gan)，防止發霉(mei)(mei)(mei)，促(cu)進菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)絲積(ji)累養(yang)(yang)分(fen)(fen)。經(jing)2～3天(tian)養(yang)(yang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)后(hou)(hou)，再重復第一(yi)(yi)潮(chao)(chao)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)方法(fa)(fa)管(guan)(guan)理(li)。經(jing)7～10天(tian)，第二、三(san)(san)(san)潮(chao)(chao)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)蕾即可(ke)(ke)出(chu)現(xian)，按第一(yi)(yi)潮(chao)(chao)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)方法(fa)(fa)管(guan)(guan)理(li)。一(yi)(yi)般可(ke)(ke)收(shou)3～4潮(chao)(chao)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)，生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)學效率(lv)可(ke)(ke)達100%以(yi)(yi)上(shang)。 9、分(fen)(fen)級(ji)。按感官指(zhi)標(biao)分(fen)(fen)為一(yi)(yi)級(ji)、二級(ji)和三(san)(san)(san)級(ji) 10、衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)。應符合(he)GB 7096《食(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)標(biao)準》規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)。 11、檢(jian)驗方法(fa)(fa)、檢(jian)驗規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)則(ze)、標(biao)志、標(biao)簽、包裝(zhuang)、運(yun)輸、貯存(cun)。按GB 7096《食(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)標(biao)準》和NY 5095《無(wu)公害(hai)(hai)食(shi)品(pin) 食(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)》規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)進行。 12、病蟲害(hai)(hai)防治 （1）主要(yao)病蟲害(hai)(hai)。病害(hai)(hai)以(yi)(yi)霉(mei)(mei)(mei)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(毛(mao)霉(mei)(mei)(mei)、脈孢霉(mei)(mei)(mei)、木(mu)(mu)霉(mei)(mei)(mei)、黃(huang)曲霉(mei)(mei)(mei))、細菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)性基(ji)腐病為主，蟲害(hai)(hai)主要(yao)有(you)(you)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)蠅、菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)蚊(wen)。 （2）預防方法(fa)(fa)。一(yi)(yi)是(shi)嚴格檢(jian)查種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)源(yuan)。二是(shi)凈化栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)環境。每潮(chao)(chao)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)后(hou)(hou)要(yao)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)清(qing)理(li)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)殘(can)留(liu)的菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)根(gen)，減(jian)少污染(ran)源(yuan)。栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)廢料(liao)(liao)要(yao)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)運(yun)離(li)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)場地(di)。三(san)(san)(san)是(shi)出(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)期(qi)間(jian)(jian)禁(jin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)農藥(yao)，轉潮(chao)(chao)期(qi)間(jian)(jian)如需用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)藥(yao)，按GB/T 8321《農藥(yao)合(he)理(li)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)準則(ze)》規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)執行。

六.包裝標(biao)識相關(guan)規定

按(an)照(zhao)農(nong)(nong)業部關(guan)于農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)理標志使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)有(you)關(guan)規(gui)定(ding)，對常(chang)山(shan)猴(hou)(hou)頭菇地(di)理標志的(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)做如下(xia)規(gui)定(ding)：凡在標志范(fan)圍內生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經營(ying)的(de)(de)常(chang)山(shan)猴(hou)(hou)頭菇，并(bing)按(an)照(zhao)常(chang)山(shan)猴(hou)(hou)頭菇生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)控制規(gui)范(fan)的(de)(de)種植戶，在產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)和包裝上使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)已獲得的(de)(de)常(chang)山(shan)猴(hou)(hou)頭菇地(di)理標志，須向登(deng)記證書(shu)持有(you)人(ren)提出申(shen)請(qing)，并(bing)簽訂(ding)相(xiang)關(guan)合同，按(an)照(zhao)相(xiang)關(guan)要求規(gui)范(fan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)和使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)標志，統一(yi)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)名稱和農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)理標志公共標識相(xiang)結合的(de)(de)標識標注。縣(xian)級(ji)以上人(ren)民政(zheng)府(fu)農(nong)(nong)業行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)主管部門(men)(men)對常(chang)山(shan)猴(hou)(hou)頭菇地(di)理標志負有(you)監(jian)(jian)督管理職能，定(ding)期對登(deng)記的(de)(de)地(di)理標志農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)地(di)域范(fan)圍、標志使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)等進(jin)行(xing)(xing)監(jian)(jian)督檢查。鼓勵單位和個(ge)人(ren)對農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)理標志進(jin)行(xing)(xing)社會監(jian)(jian)督。使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)本地(di)理標志的(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經營(ying)者，對地(di)理標志農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)和信譽負責(ze)，違(wei)反本規(gui)定(ding)的(de)(de)，由縣(xian)級(ji)以上人(ren)民政(zheng)府(fu)農(nong)(nong)業行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)主管部門(men)(men)依照(zhao)《中華人(ren)民共和國農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)安(an)全(quan)法》有(you)關(guan)規(gui)定(ding)處罰。