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形態及特征

多(duo)年生(sheng)(sheng)草本(ben)；鱗莖(jing)深埋土(tu)中，外有(you)鱗莖(jing)皮，通(tong)常由2(-3)枚(mei)白粉質(zhi)鱗片(pian)組(zu)成(cheng)（鱗片(pian)內生(sheng)(sheng)有(you)2-3對小(xiao)(xiao)鱗片(pian)），較(jiao)少由多(duo)枚(mei)鱗片(pian)及周(zhou)圍許多(duo)米粒狀(zhuang)小(xiao)(xiao)鱗片(pian)組(zu)成(cheng)，前者(zhe)鱗莖(jing)近卵形(xing)(xing)或球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)，后者(zhe)常多(duo)少呈蓮(lian)座狀(zhuang)。莖(jing)直立，不(bu)分(fen)枝(zhi)，一(yi)部分(fen)位于地下。基(ji)生(sheng)(sheng)葉(xie)有(you)長柄；莖(jing)生(sheng)(sheng)葉(xie)對生(sheng)(sheng)、輪生(sheng)(sheng)或散生(sheng)(sheng)，先(xian)端卷曲或不(bu)卷曲，基(ji)部半抱莖(jing)。花(hua)(hua)較(jiao)大(da)或略小(xiao)(xiao)，通(tong)常鐘形(xing)(xing)，俯垂（但在(zai)受精后花(hua)(hua)梗逐(zhu)漸向上，在(zai)果(guo)期直立），輻射(she)對稱，少有(you)稍兩側對稱，單(dan)朵頂生(sheng)(sheng)或多(duo)朵排成(cheng)總狀(zhuang)花(hua)(hua)序或傘形(xing)(xing)花(hua)(hua)序，具(ju)葉(xie)狀(zhuang)苞片(pian)；花(hua)(hua)被片(pian)矩圓形(xing)(xing)、近匙(chi)形(xing)(xing)至近狹卵形(xing)(xing)，常靠(kao)合，內面近基(ji)部有(you)一(yi)凹陷的蜜腺(xian)窩(wo)；雄蕊(rui)6枚(mei)，花(hua)(hua)藥近基(ji)著(zhu)(zhu)或背(bei)著(zhu)(zhu)，2室(shi)(shi)，內向開(kai)裂；花(hua)(hua)柱3裂或近不(bu)裂；柱頭伸出于雄蕊(rui)之外；子(zi)房3室(shi)(shi)，每(mei)室(shi)(shi)有(you)2縱列(lie)胚(pei)珠，中軸胎座。蒴(shuo)果(guo)具(ju)6棱，棱上常有(you)翅(chi)，室(shi)(shi)背(bei)開(kai)裂。種子(zi)多(duo)數，扁平，邊(bian)緣(yuan)有(you)狹翅(chi)。

價值及其他

波斯貝母是屬于歐洲常見園(yuan)藝(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)當中(zhong)的一種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)中(zhong)的一種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)名為“阿德亞曼”（Adiyaman）的貝母品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，這種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)比(bi)其(qi)他品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)具有更高(gao)的植(zhi)株(zhu)和更多的花(hua)穗，此品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)已(yi)經獲得了英(ying)國(guo)皇家園(yuan)藝(yi)學(xue)會(hui)花(hua)園(yuan)優(you)異獎。